詞根sum, sumpt = take 表示「拿,取」,來自拉丁語。今天用思維導圖列出了一些與詞根相關的詞,同時給出大家音標與這些詞的構成,還有例句,便於更好的理解、記憶這些詞,形成立體記憶。
1.consume [knsju:m] v. 消費;消耗
(con全部+sum+e→全部拿光→消費)
You can consume safely.
你可以放心地去消費。
Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume70 percent less electricity than traditional models.
一些能效最高的冰箱比傳統型號少消耗70%的電。
★consumer[knsju:m(r)] n. 消費者(consume消費+er人)
consumer goods 消費品;生活資料
consumer research 消費者調查
consumer demand/choice/rights 消費者的需求/選擇/權利
★consuming [knsju:m] adj. 消耗性的;強烈的
He has developed a consuming passion for chess.
他對下棋產生了極為濃厚的興趣。
★consumption[knsmpn] n.消費;(con全部+subpt+ion名詞後綴)
reduce fuel consumption降低燃料消費
2.assume[sju:m] v. 承擔;假裝,假定
(as加強動作+sum+e→拿往→承擔[責任])
The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare.
法庭承擔了保障這個女孩福利的責任。
★assumption[smpn] n. 假設,承擔
(as表示加強動作+sumpt+ion名詞後綴)
His actions were based on a false assumption.
他的行為基於錯誤的設想。
3.resume[r'zju:m] v.重新開始;恢復(自由等)(re回+sun+e→拿回去,也可解釋為重新拿起,繼續)
The noise resumed, louder than before.
噪聲再起,比先前更大。
He got back in the car and resumed driving.
他回到車上,繼續開車。
4.reassume[ri:'sju:m] v.再假定;再擔任(re再+assume承擔)
5.presume v.假定;自以為是(pre=before預先+sum+e→預先拿住、思考→假定;推斷)
I presume you're here on business
我想你是來這裡出差的。
I presumed (that) he understood the rules.
我相信他明白這些規則。(這裡的presume表示推斷)
I wouldn't presume to question your judgment.
我不會冒昧地質疑你的判斷。
★presumption [przmpn] n.假定;專橫(pre預先+sumpt+ion名詞後綴)
There is a general presumption that the doctor knows best.
一般人都以為醫生最了解情況。
They were angered by his presumption.
他們對他的放肆感到非常憤怒。
It is a very interesting presumption.
這種假定太有意思了。
6.sumptuous [smptus] adj.奢侈的(sumpt+uous=ous形容詞後綴,表示「……的」→[把錢]拿出去→奢侈的)
a sumptuous meal盛宴
We dined in sumptuous surroundings.
我們在富麗堂皇的環境中用餐。
We were ushered into a sumptuous dining hall.
我們被領進一個豪華的餐廳。