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北京時間10月4日下午5:45（當地時間上午11:45），2017年諾貝爾化學獎揭曉。今年諾貝爾化學獎授予Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson，以表彰他們在 「for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution」重要貢獻。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 was awarded to Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution".
諾貝爾化學獎有人將其戲稱諾貝爾「理綜獎」，比如在過去20年內多次將獲獎成果授予傳統化學之外的生物學研究，如2015年「DNA修復機制」、2012年「G蛋白偶聯受體研究」、2009年「核糖體結構和功能」、2006年「真核轉錄的分子基礎」、2004年「泛素調節的蛋白質降解」、2003年「細胞膜通道」等。這也充分說明了「生物和化學不分家」、「生物的基礎是化學」，哈哈。實際上，隨著科技水平的提高及學科交叉的深入，不同學科之間也越來越難以明確的區分開來。以下對近20年來諾貝爾化學獎獲得者及其他們的貢獻進行了描述。
2016年，法國科學家Jean-Pierre Sauvage，英國科學家Sir J. Fraser Stoddart和荷蘭科學家Bernard L. Feringa獲獎，獲獎成果為「分子機器的設計與合成」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 was awarded jointly to Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard L. Feringa "for the design and synthesis of molecular machines".
2015，瑞典科學家Tomas Lindahl、美國科學家Paul Modrich和土耳其科學家Aziz Sancar獲獎，獲獎成果為「DNA修復機制研究」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 was awarded jointly to Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar "for mechanistic studies of DNA repair".
2014年，美國科學家Eric Betzig、德國科學家Stefan W. Hell和美國科學家William E. Moerner獲獎，獲獎成果為「研製出超解析度螢光顯微鏡」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 was awarded jointly to Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell and William E. Moerner "for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy".
2013年，美國科學家Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt和Arieh Warshel獲獎，獲獎成果為「為複雜化學系統創立了多尺度模型」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 was awarded jointly to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel "for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems".
2012年，美國科學家Robert J. Lefkowitz和Brian K. Kobilka獲獎，獲獎成果為「G蛋白偶聯受體研究」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 was awarded jointly to Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors".
2011年，以色列科學家Dan Shechtman獲獎，獲獎成果為「發現準晶體」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011 was awarded to Dan Shechtman "for the discovery of quasicrystals".
2010年，美國科學家Richard F. Heck、日本科學家Ei-ichi Negishi和AkiraSuzuki獲獎，獲獎成果為「有機合成中鈀催化交叉偶聯」研究。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 was awarded jointly to Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki "for palladium-catalyzed crosscouplings in organic synthesis".
2009，美國科學家Venkatraman Ramakrishnan、Thomas A. Steitz和以色列科學家Ada E. Yonath獲獎，獲獎成果為「核糖體結構和功能研究」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 was awarded jointly to Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E.Yonath "for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome".
2008年，美國科學家Osamu Shimomura、Martin Chalfie和Roger Y. Tsien獲獎，獲獎成果為「發現並發展了綠色螢光蛋白（GFP）」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 was awarded jointly to Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie and Roger Y. Tsien "for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP".
2007年，德國科學家Gerhard Ertl獲獎，獲獎成果為「表面化學研究」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2007 was awarded to Gerhard Ertl "for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces".
2006年，美國科學家Roger D. Kornberg獲獎，獲獎成果為「真核轉錄的分子基礎」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006 was awarded to Roger D. Kornberg "for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription".
2005年，法國科學家Yves Chauvin、美國科學家Robert H. Grubbs和Richard R. Schrock獲獎，獲獎成果為「烯烴複分解反應」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 was awarded jointly to Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock "for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis".
2004年，以色列科學家Aaron Ciechanover、Avram Hershko和美國科學家Irwin Rose獲獎，獲獎成果為「泛素調節的蛋白質降解」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 was awarded jointly to Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose "for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation".
2003年，美國科學家Peter Agre和Roderick MacKinnon獲獎，獲獎成果為「發現細胞膜通道」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003 was awarded "for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes" Jointly with one half to Peter Agre "for the discovery of water channels" and with one halfto Roderick MacKinnon "forstructural and mechanistic studies of ion channels".
2002年，美國科學家John B. Fenn、日本科學家Koichi Tanaka和瑞士科學家Kurt Wüthrich獲獎，獲獎成果為「生物大分子鑑定和結構分析方法」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 was awarded "for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules" with one half jointly to John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka "for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biologicalmacromolecules" and the other half to Kurt Wüthrich "for hisdevelopment of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining thethree-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution".
2001年，美國科學家William S. Knowles和日本科學家Ryoji Noyori和美國科學家K. Barry Sharpless，獲獎成果為「手性催化氫化反應」和「手性催化氧化反應」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 was divided, one half jointly to William S. Knowles and Ryoji Noyori "for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions" and the other half to K. Barry Sharpless "for his work on chirally catalysedoxidation reactions".
2000年，美國科學家Alan J. Heeger、Alan G. MacDiarmid和日本科學家Hideki Shirakawa獲獎，獲獎成果為「導電聚合物的發現」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 was awarded jointly to Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa "for the discovery and development of conductive polymers".
1999年，美國科學家Ahmed Zewail獲獎，獲獎成果為「運用雷射技術觀測原子在分子中的運動」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1999 was awarded to Ahmed Zewail "for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy".
1998年，美國科學家Walter Kohn和英國科學家John A. Pople獲獎，獲獎成果為「密度泛函理論」和「波函數方法」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1998 was divided equally between Walter Kohn "for his development of the density-functional theory" and John A. Pople "for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry".
1997年，美國科學家Paul D. Boyer、英國科學家John E. Walker和丹麥科學家Jens C. Skou獲獎，獲獎成果為「三磷酸腺苷的酶催化過程」。The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 was divided, one half jointly to Paul D. Boyer and John E. Walker "for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosinetriphosphate (ATP)" and the other half to Jens C. Skou "forthe first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase".
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連結地址：http://blog.sciencenet.cn/blog-3319332-1079113.html