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冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞前面，幫助說明名詞的含義。
一、冠詞的分類
定冠詞：a/an
不定冠詞：the
二、冠詞的用法
(一) 不定冠詞的用法
1.指人或事物的某一種類（泛指）
She is a girl.
I am a teacher
Please pass me an apple
2.指某人或某物，但不具體說明是誰或何物
He borrowed a science book from the library.
A Wang is looking for you.
3.表示數量「一」，但是沒有One強烈（One有強調的意思）
I have an idea.
4.用於固定的詞組中
A bit , a few, a little, a lot of , a pair of,
For a while…
（二） 定冠詞的用法
1.特指某人或者某事
The book on the desk is mine.
Beijing is the capital of China.
2.指談話雙方都知道的人或物
Where is the teacher?
3.指上文出現的人或事
There was a chair by the window.
On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms.
The baby way thin.
4.用在世界上獨一無二的事物前
the earth, the moon, the sun
5.用在序數詞和形容詞最高級前面
He is always the first to come to school
the tallest…
6.用在某些專有名詞前（由普通名詞構成的專有名詞）
the Great Wall, the Summer Palace
7.用在一些習慣用語中
on the day, in the morning, the day after tomorrow, the next day, by the way
8.用在江河 湖海 山脈前
the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean
9.用在報紙雜誌前
the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times
10.表示某一家人前
The Browns are at home to receive visitors today.
11.用在形容詞前表示某一類人
the poor, the rich, the blind, the sick…
12.定冠詞可以表示某一事物內部的某處
The driver always sits in the front of the bus.
(三)零冠詞的用法
1.專有名詞和不可數名詞前
China, America, Class Two, milk, oil…
2.複數名詞表示一類人或事的時候
We are students.
I like reading stories.
3.節日，日期，月份，季節前
Teachers』 Day
Children’s Day
In July
In summer
4.稱呼或頭銜前
We elected him monitor.
5.在某些習慣用語的名詞前
at noon, at night, at most, at last
In bed, in time, go to school, go to college
6.在三餐和球類運動前
play football
have lunch
7.科目前
We learn Chinese/Maths
例 句：
1.From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people canappreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. (C4P27L1)
2.A violent eruption can blow the top few kilometres off a mountain, scatter fine ash practically all over the globe and hurl rock fragments into the stratosphere to darken the skies a continent away. (C4P71L1)
3.For the Inuit the problem is urgent.(C6P27L13)
4.The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that is covered with snow for most of the year.(C6P27L21)
5.Experts in public health accepted this idea decades ago, but until now no one has been able to show that a woman’s ability to read in itself improves her children’s chances of suivival.(C6P89L2)
6.The question of whether we are alone in the Universe has haunted humanity for centuries, but we may now stand poised on the brink of the answer to that question, as we search for radio signals from other intelligent civilizations. (C9P22L1)
7.Marie Curie is probably the most famous woman scientist who has ever lived. (C9P87L1)
8.Because her father lost his savings through bad investment, she then had to take a work as a teacher.(C9P87L12)
9.Recently, however, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have altered.(C9P97L12)
10.Other sites identified include the Bristol Channel and the west coast of Scotland, particularly the channel between Campbeltown and Northern Ireland. (C9P67L22)
11.Incredibly, in January 2001, this ancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale.(C8P18L22)
練習：
I.填空題
1．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．
2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．
3． _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．
4．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．
5． _______ sun rises in _______ east．
6． _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China．
7．Are you going to do it _______ second time？
8．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．
9． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．
10．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．
11． _______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper．
12．Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat？
13． _______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．
14．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today．
15．I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject．
16．What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？
17．What _______ important news！
II.選擇填空。
1．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．
A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The
2．—How many books do you have？
—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．
A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one
3．At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
4．We can't see _______ sun at _______ night．
A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／
5．One afternoon he found _______ handbag．There was _______ 「s」on the corner of _______ handbag．
A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a
6． _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting．
A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the
7． _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world．
A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a
8． _______ new bridge has been built over _______Huangpu River．
A．The；a B．A；／ C．A；the D．An；the
9．He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer．
A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／
10．They made him _______ king．
A．a B．the C．an D．／
11．They passed our school _______ day before yesterday．
A．an B．one C．a D．the
12．She has _______ orange skirt． _______ skirt is nice．
A．a；The B．an；The C．an；A D．the；The
13．This is _______ apple．It's _______ big apple．
A．an；a B．a；the C．a；an D．an；the
14．Beijing is _______ beautiful city．It's _______ capital of China．
A．a；a B．the；the C．／；the D．a；the
15．Shanghai is in _______ east of China．
A．／ B．an C．a D．the
16．I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years．
A．a B．an C．the D．／
17．The museum is quite far．It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus．
A．an；／ B．an；a C．a；／ D．／；／
答案
I．
1．a；an；the
2．a；an。第一個空的a是泛指，第二個空的an是指「一小時」。
3．The；the；a。前兩個空都是特指，故填the；後一個空中的a相當於every或each，three times a day意為「一天三次」。
4．a；The。前者泛指，後者特指。
5．The；the。第一個空用the表示太陽是世界上獨一無二的物體；第二個空用the是因為在方位詞的前面一般用定冠詞。
6．The；the，×。第一空用the是因為在河流名稱的前面用定冠詞；第二空用the是因為在形容詞最高級前面用定冠詞；第三空「零」冠詞是因為專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。
7．a。a second time意為「再一次」、「另一次」。the second time意為「第二次」。此句填a是表示動作的重複，而不能用the（表順序）。
8．the；the。第一個the是特指美國的首都。第二個the是在由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前應加定冠詞。
9．The。「the ＋姓氏的複數」表示「一家人」或「夫妻二人」。由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前應加the。
10．the；×。表示在某一年的季節名稱前應加定冠詞。
11．The a；×；×。在球類名稱前不加冠詞。泛指的三餐名稱前不加冠詞。
12．×；×；×；×。此句意為「農民養羊是為了產毛和肉嗎？」前兩個空也可填定冠詞，意為：「那些農民養的那些羊是為了產毛和肉嗎？」
13．The；×第一空是特指。日期名詞前不加冠詞。
14．×；a
15．×。學科名稱前一般不加冠詞。
16．×；×。指示代詞不能與定冠詞連用。
17．×。注意news是不可數名詞，故不能加a。
II．
1．B。第一空是泛指；第二空的one是不定代詞，用以替代前面的ruler。
2．C。one強調數量，用以回答「Howmany．．．？」問句；第二個空是泛指，故用an。
3．A。one雖以元音字母開頭，但以輔音音素〔w〕開頭，故填a。
4．B。在「太陽、月亮、地球」的前面一般都加定冠詞the；at night「在夜晚」，注意該短語中沒有冠詞。
5．A。「s」雖為輔音字母，但卻以元音音素〔e〕開頭，故填an。
6．D。第一個空填the，是特指那個「白髮老太太」；第二個空不填冠詞，是因為在語言名稱前面一般不加冠詞。English後面如有language，就得說the English language。「在會議上」應為at the meeting。
7．B。the Great Wall長城。
8．C。第一個空是泛指，用a；第二個空是河流名稱，故用the。
9．D。第一個空是泛指；第二個空用「零冠詞」是因為turn後面的名詞前一般都不加冠詞。
10．D。表示某人的職位時可用「零冠詞」。
11．D。the day before yesterday前天。
12．B。第一空泛指，第二空特指。
13．A。兩個空都是泛指。
14．D
15．D。in the east of在某地區（內）的東部。
16．A。two and a half years也可說成two years and a half，意思都是「兩年半」。
17．A。half an hour半小時，by bus乘公共汽車。
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