Quid Pro Quo
[英][kwd pr kw][美][kwd pro kwo kw]
n.代用品; 抵償物;得到的回報;交換條件
複數：quid pro quos
英文注釋：
Something for something. Reciprocal mutual consideration whereby one party gives a concession to another in exchange for an equally valuable concession. Latin for, what for what.
像英語裡沿用的很多拉丁詞彙一樣，quid pro quo也是比較正式的用法，字面相當於what for what
a quid pro quo為什麼忽然火起來？
最近，美國政治新聞中頻頻出現的quid pro quo指的是川普政府與烏克蘭當局所謂「拿軍事援助換調查政敵」的交易。這項交易是眾議院民主黨人對川普發起彈劾調查的一個關鍵情節。按照民主黨人佩洛西的話說，川普這筆交易等於「用納稅人的錢勒索他國領導人為自己謀取政治利益（used taxpayer dollars to shake down the leader of another country for his own political gain）」
Quid pro quo本身算是中性，可以用在就事論事不帶感情或判斷的場合。
比如：
After I picked him up at the airport， Larry took me to lunch asa quid pro quo.
我去機場接拉裡，然後他請我吃中飯表示感謝(作為回報)。
英美法律劇裡經常出現一個場面，檢方提出，嫌疑人如果能提供更多信息或認罪，就可以獲得減刑或者其他好處，這也是一種quid pro quo，稱作辯訴交易（plea bargain）。
但在某些語境下，quid pro quo就有不太光彩的含義，正如中文的「交易」。
I believe the back-scratching metaphor generally describes a quid pro quo situation where one party provides goods or services to the second party in compensation for a similar action.
我認為，撓背這個比喻通常描述的是一種交易：一方為另一方提供商品或服務，作為對方類似行為的補償。
交易說白了就是買賣，但在人類的道德體系中有些東西不能用金錢或物質來衡量。
如何使用
雙語例句：1The statement is emphatic in stating that there must bea quid pro quo.這項聲明強調必須要有所補償。2They share a great deal of information on a quid pro quo basis.他們互通有無，共享大量信息。3If the search market were competitive, then normal commercial negotiations would establish some sort of quid pro quo for the exchange.如果搜索市場是一個競爭性市場，那麼，常規的商業談判將會確立某種形式的交換補償。
Quid Pro Quo Contributions 交換性捐助
"Contributions of more than $75 that give a benefit to the donor are considered quid-pro-quo contributions. They are deductible only to the extent the contribution exceeds the value of the benefit, and this must be spelled out in writing. The benefit can be in the form of cash, property, services, or privileges."
「超過75美元的捐款，如果給捐贈者帶來利益，就被認為是交換性捐款。只有在捐款超過福利價值的情況下，才能扣減。這必須以書面形式列明。福利可以是現金、財產、服務或特權形式。」
英語新聞中經常出現Quid Pro Quo：
源自PJmedia的新聞
FAKE NEWS: Liberal Media Falsely Claims White House Admitted to Quid Pro Quowith Ukraine
假新聞：自由派媒體錯誤地聲稱白宮承認與烏克蘭進行了交易
「The whole idea that there’sa quid pro quo based on somebody changing their testimony — presuming there was, Volker said there was not. He’s the special envoy,」 Graham said. 「You just pick things you like, you all hate this guy, you want to get him impeached. I’m not buying into Schiff running a legitimate operation over there.」
沃爾克說：「完整的想法都是基於某些人改變了他們的證詞而得到的回報--假設有，沃爾克說沒有。」他是特使，「格雷厄姆說。「你只要挑你喜歡的東西，你就恨這個傢伙，你想讓他被彈劾。」我不相信希夫在那裡經營合法的業務。
Graham argued that the claim of quid pro quooften cited by Democrats lacks the fundamental understanding of Trump’s policy towards Ukraine.
格雷厄姆認為，民主黨經常引用的利益交易聲明缺乏對川普對烏克蘭政策的基本理解。
「What I can tell you about the Trump policy toward the Ukraine, it was incoherent, it depends on who you talk to,」 Graham said. 「They seem to be incapable of forming a quid pro quo, so no, I find the whole process to be a sham, and I’m not going to legitimize it.」
格雷厄姆說：「關於川普對烏克蘭的政策，我能告訴你的是，這是不連貫的，這取決於你與誰交談。」「他們似乎無法形成一個交換條件，所以不，我發現整個過程都是假的，我不會讓它合法化。」
那麼，最後，你會用quid pro quo了嗎？