親愛的英語研習社的朋友們，大家好！我是本期講師孫建樹。眾所周知，公司自成立以來，以EPCO、EPC、BOT、BOO等模式，先後承建了12MW到1000MW機組的各類型電站，包括火電、核電、太陽能熱發電、風電、光伏、生物質發電、變電站等工程。那麼，小夥伴們知道電廠的基本原理麼？OK, 今天讓我們走進電廠知識，共同了解電廠發電原理, here we go!
電廠的基本類型包括火力發電廠、水力發電廠、核能發電廠、風力發電廠、太陽能發電廠、地熱發電廠等。The basic types of power plant include Thermal Power Plant, Hydropower Plant, Nuclear Power Plant, Wind Power Plant, Solar power plant, Geothermal Power Plant, and so on. Now, we focus on introduction of the Thermal Power Plant for instance.火力發電原理是利用燃料（例如煤、石油及其製品、天然氣等）燃燒，所得到的熱能發電。The electricity-generation principle of thermal power plant is to use the thermal energy of fuel combustion (by coal, oil and its products, natural gas, etc.) to generate electricity.以沙特延布三期項目為例，項目主要系統包括三大系統：汽水系統、燃燒系統和發電系統；其發電原理簡單來說是利用鍋爐產生高溫高壓蒸汽衝動汽輪機旋轉帶動發電機發電。For example, Saudi Arabia Yanbu3 power plant three main systems include steam water system, combustion system, power generation system. The principle of power generation is simply to use the boiler to produce high temperature and pressure steam to impulse turbine rotation and driven generator power generation.
其主要生產過程為: 燃油被運至鍋爐燃燒器，在爐膛內燃燒產生熱量，將水冷壁內的水進行加熱，通過汽水分離器分離出的蒸汽送至過熱器繼續進行加熱成符合規定的過熱蒸汽，經主汽管道送至汽輪機做功，過熱蒸汽在汽輪機內做功推動汽輪機旋轉，汽輪機帶動發電機發電，通過母線經變壓器升壓後引出送到電網。在汽輪機內作完功的過熱蒸汽一部分通過熱段管道送至鍋爐再熱器進行重新加熱，達標後送至汽輪機中壓缸繼續做功，一部分被凝汽器冷卻成凝結水，通過凝泵送至低加（低壓加熱器），然後送到除氧器，再經過給水泵送至高加（高壓加熱器）加熱後送到鍋爐繼續進行熱力循環,在此過程中燃燒產生的煙氣通過電除塵及脫硫系統處理後通過煙囪排出。流程圖如下：It’s main production process is that: the fuel oil forwarded to the boiler through the burner to furnace, then the heat from fuel oil combustion is used to covert the water to steam-water –mixture, after through the separator, the steam separated by the separator is sent to the superheater for further heating to the specified superheated steam, then the standard superheated steam flow through the main steam piping to steam trubine high pressure cylinder to product the energy, The superheated steam acts inside the turbine to drive the turbine to rotate, and the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, and the electricity pass through the IPB and transformer to the grid.After finishing work, part of the superheated steam extract through the reheat steam piping to the boiler reheater, after reheating to the standard supereated steam transferred to the intermediate press cylinder to continue acting. The balanced superheated steam is cooled by condenser into condensate water, which is forwarded to low pressure heater and dearator by condensate pump, finally the water is transferred to the high pressure heater and boiler for circulation by feed water pump.And during the power production process, the flue gas through the ID fan, ESP (Electrostatic Precipitator), FGD（Flue Gas Desulfurization）discharged though the chimney.其中，鍋爐側主要包括鍋爐本體（boiler）及輔助系統（auxiliary system），鍋爐本體主要有鋼結構（steel structure）、空氣預熱器（air pre-heater縮寫APH）、煙風道（Combustion Air & Flue Gas duct）、噴燃器（burner）、省煤器(economizers)、水冷壁(water wall)、過熱器(super heater縮寫SH)、再熱器(re-heater縮寫RH)等構成；輔助系統包括引風機（ID fan）、送風機（FD fan）、循環風機（gas recirculating fan 縮寫GR fan）、電除塵（Electrostatic Precipitator縮寫ESP）、脫硫系統（Flue Gas Desulfurization縮寫FGD）等；
汽機側系統主要有汽輪機（steam turbine）、汽輪發電機（steam turbine generator）、凝汽器(condenser)及凝結水系統（condensate system）、給水系統（feed water system）、給水除氧系統（Feed water storage and deaerating System）、疏水放氣系統（drain and vent system）、高壓加熱系統（HP heater system）、低壓加熱系統（LP heater system）、中低壓蒸汽系統（MP/LP steam system）、輔助蒸汽系統（auxiliary steam system）等。
Do you have a dazzling look at such complicated systems? I believe practice makes perfect, let’s master it systematically. 如此複雜的系統大家是不是看的有些眼花繚亂，讓我們多加練習，相信大家一定能夠系統的掌握。今天的課程到這裡了，下次再見！精彩回顧
圖片：公司內部圖片
講師：孫建樹
文稿：沙特延布三期項目部
編輯：李靈娟
點亮在看一起學英語