Hello, I'm Oli. Welcome to Oxford Online English. In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam.
你們好，我是奧利。歡迎來到牛津在線英語課堂。這節課裡，你會學到關於雅思口語考試的內容。
You can see how the exam works, and how your score is decided. In another lesson, we gave you some advice for the speaking exam.
你可以了解到考試內容和評分標準。在其他課程裡，我們會給你一些口語考試的建議。
However, I've helped a lot of students prepare for IELTS, and most people don't seem to have a clear idea of how the exam works, and in particular, how the examiners work out your score. Understanding the exam and the scoring system can help you to prepare for the exam more effectively.
然而，我幫助很多學生備考雅思，但是多數人不是很清楚考試是怎麼進行的，特別是考官如何給你打分。明白考試和打分系統可以幫你更有效的備考。
The IELTS speaking test has three sections, and lasts around 11-14 minutes in total. The test is the same whether you are taking general IELTS or academic IELTS.
雅思口語考試有三部分，總共約11至14分鐘。無論你是參加移民類雅思還是學術類雅思，考試是一樣。
The exam is supposed to be like a real-life conversation—the examiners want to see if you can communicate in a natural way. Your exam will be recorded, and examiners use the recording to determine your score.
考試應像是真正生活化的交流，考官想要看你是否可以自然交流。你的測試會被記錄，考官根據記錄決定你的分數。
First, let's look at the three sections of the speaking test. Part one is the introduction.
首先，讓我們看看口語考試的三個部分。第一部分是自我介紹。
During part one, the examiner will welcome you and ask you some simple questions about yourself. Some common topics which the examiner might ask you about are: your job, your hometown, hobbies and interests, simple things like this.
第一部分，考官會歡迎你並問你一些個人的簡單問題。考官可能會問你一些常見話題：你的工作、家鄉、愛好和興趣，類似這種簡單的問題。
Of course, there are other possibilities. However, the questions in part one should be quite simple.
當然還有其他的可能。然而，第一部分的問題會很簡單。
Part one lasts around four or five minutes. Next is part two, the long turn.
第一部分約4－5分鐘。接下來是第二部分，較長的部分。
In part two, the examiner will give you a topic. You have one minute to prepare a speech on the topic.
在第二部分，考官會給你一個話題。你有一分鐘就這個話題準備發言。
Let's look at a sample question: "Describe an important choice you had to make in your life. You should say: When you had this choice What you had to choose between Whether you made a good choice And explain how you felt when you were making this choice."
讓我們看一個樣題：描述一個你在生活中做的重要決定。你應該說：你何時做的決定，你從什麼中做的選擇，你是否做了正確的選擇，解釋你在做選擇時的感受。
You can make notes during your preparation time, although you only have one minute, so don't try to write too much—just write short notes if you write anything. You need to speak for between one and two minutes in part two.
你可以在準備時間裡做筆記，儘管只有一分鐘時間，所以別寫太多，寫的話就簡短的記下筆記。第二部分你要說一到兩分鐘。
If you speak for longer, the examiner will interrupt you, but this doesn't really matter. You need to talk for at least one minute.
如果你說超時了，考官會打斷你，但這沒關係。你必須說至少一分鐘。
If you talk for less than one minute, it might affect your score. After you finish speaking, the examiner will ask you one or two basic questions about what you said, just to ask for more detail about some of the points which you made.
如果你的講話少於一分鐘，可能會影響成績。在你講完後，考官會根據你所說的問你一至兩個基本問題，就你說的重點問一些細節。
Next is part three, which is the open discussion. The examiner will ask you more complex and open-ended questions.
接下來是第三部分，自由討論。考官會問你更複雜，開放式的問題。
The topic is generally related to the topic from part two, although the examiner can take the conversation in a different direction. The examiner wants to see if you can give longer, more detailed answers, and also talk about abstract or unfamiliar topics.
該話題通常和第二部分相關，儘管考官會從不同方向談起。考官想看看你是否能給出更多、更詳細的回答，並討論抽象或不熟悉的話題。
The examiner will take part in the conversation, so it will be more like a dialogue than a simple question-and-answer format. Of course, you should try to talk as much as possible, and also give long, detailed answers if you can.
考官會參與討論，所以這更像是對話而不是簡單的問答形式。當然，如果可以的話，你應該試著儘可能給出詳盡的回答。
Part three lasts four or five minutes, and then that's the end of your exam. Next, let's look at the scoring system.
第三部分持續四、五分鐘，然後考試結束。下一步，我們看看打分系統。
You probably know that IELTS is scored from zero to nine, where zero means you just didn't turn up for the exam, and nine means you sound like a native speaker; there's no difference. However, your speaking score is actually made of four parts.
你可能知道雅思的打分是從0到9，0分意味著你沒參加考試，9分意味著你聽起來像以英語為母語的人，毫無區別。而你的口語分數事實上由4部分組成。
The four parts are fluency and coherence, vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. For each part, assuming you open your mouth at least once during the speaking test, you get a score from one to nine.
這四部分是流利連貫、詞彙、語法和發音。假定你在口語考試中至少開口一次，每一部分你的得分都是從0到9.
The four scores are then averaged to make your final score for the speaking test. For example, if you get 5 for fluency/coherence, 6 for vocabulary, 6 for grammar, and 5 for pronunciation, then your overall score would be 5.5 ( (5+5+6+6)/4) .
口語考試的最終成績是基於這四個成績的平均分。例如，如果你的流利／連貫是5分，詞彙6分，語法6分，發音5分，那麼你的總分就是5.5 ( (5+5+6+6)/4) .
Let's look now at what the examiners are looking for and how they decide these four scores. For fluency and coherence, the examiners are looking for the following things.
現在我們看看考官們考察的是什麼，他們是如何給這四部分打分的。對於流暢連貫性，考官考察的是如下事情。
The ability to speak fluently, without stopping to think or speaking slowly, or pausing or anything like that.
The ability to give longer answers without difficulty - that means answers which are several sentences long, and which are more complex; expressing your meaning clearly; answering the questions which the examiner asks, and giving relevant answers - that means answering the question in a way that shows that you've understood the question.
流利對話的能力，不用停下來思考或放慢語速，或暫停之類的。毫不費力的給出詳盡回答的能力，這意味著回答要包括幾個更為複雜的句子，清楚表達意思，給出相關的答案回答考官的問題，這意味著你能理解考官的提問並給出答案。
Finally, using connecting words and phrases to link your sentences together.
For vocabulary, they're looking for: the ability to choose words correctly - meaning using words in a way which shows that you understand exactly what the words mean; using less common and idiomatic vocabulary accurately is important if you want to get a higher score, say band 7.0 and up.
最後，用連接詞和詞組將你的句子連起來。詞彙方面考察的是正確選詞的能力，意味著你完全明白這些詞的意思，正確使用不常見詞彙和慣用語是很重要的，如果你想要得高分，比如7分或以上。
Finally, being able to explain words and ideas which you don't know is also important. Not knowing a word is not necessarily a problem, if you can explain it in another way.
最後，有能力解釋你不了解的詞彙和想法也是很重要的。不認識一個詞不一定是問題，如果你可以用另一個方式解釋它。
For grammar: using a mix of simple and complex sentence structures correctly - so that means using shorter sentences and longer sentences, using obviously simple sentences with one part, or complex sentences with many parts. Also, of course speaking accurately, without language mistakes.
語法考察的是能夠正確使用簡單和複雜的混合句型，這意味著使用長短句，顯然一部分是簡單句型，或其他部分是複雜句型。當然還要說話準確，不能有語言錯誤。
In IELTS, they also make a difference between language mistakes which make understanding difficult, which are not so serious, and language mistakes which make understanding difficult, which are more serious. For pronunciation, the scoring system is also quite simple.
雅思考試中，他們也會對這兩種語言錯誤區別對待。一種是不嚴重的理解障礙，另一種是嚴重的理解障礙。發音的打分方式很簡單。
First and most importantly: speaking clearly - if your pronunciation is clear, or not, that's a big part of your score. They also look at how you use features of native English speech (things like weak forms, linking, intonation and so on) .
首先最重要的是發音清晰，發音清晰與否是你得分的重要部分。他們還會考察你如何使用英語母語講話者的特徵（如弱讀、連接、語調等等）。
The more features you use, and the more accurately you use them, the higher the score you can get. You can see the full mark scheme here, with detailed descriptions for each level, if you want to look at it and learn more about it.
你用到的特徵越多，越準確，你的得分就越高。如果你想參照並了解更多，你可以在這裡看到全部的評分標準，及每個級別的詳細描述。
Finally, let's do some examples to see how this might work in practice. So, first of all we have student A.
最後，讓我們舉例看看這些是如何應用的。所以首先我們有一個同學A。
Student A has a really good knowledge of vocabulary and grammar. He thinks very carefully before he speaks to make sure each sentence is accurate and perfect, with no mistakes.
A同學十分擅長詞彙和語法知識。他在每次說話之前都認真思考，確保每個句子都精準、完美，沒有一點錯。
Because of this, he speaks quite slowly, with long pauses between each sentence. His pronunciation is clear, but he has a heavy accent which makes him difficult to understand sometimes.
由於這個原因，他語速很慢，每句話之間都有很長的停頓。他的發音清楚，但有很重的口音，這讓他有時理解困難。
So what kind of score might he get for the speaking test? Probably, he would get around 4 for fluency and coherence, because he can't speak without pausing.
所以在口語考試中他的得分會是多少呢？他可能在流暢連貫上得4分左右，因為他不能一口氣說下去。
You can't get higher than 3 or 4 for fluency if you pause too much. His grammar and vocabulary are accurate, so he would probably get 6 or maybe 7.
如果你停頓太多就不能在流暢上得高於3或4的分數。他的語法和詞彙精準，所以他在這方面可能得6或7分。
It would be difficult to get a higher score because his lack of fluency would prevent him from speaking a lot. If it takes you a long time to produce every sentence, then you won't produce so many sentences, especially because the exam's quite short, so that makes it hard to get higher scores in other areas if your fluency isn't good.
他不會得高分，因為講話不暢會使他的表達受限。如果每句話都要花很長時間，那麼你就無法造出很多句子，特別是因為考試很短，如果你表達不暢就很難在其他方面得高分。
For pronunciation, it's mostly clear, but not always clear; he would probably get 5. So overall, he would probably get around 5.0 or 5.5.
發音大都是清楚的，但不是總是很清楚，那麼他可能會得5分。所以大體上，他可能會得5或5.5左右。
He might be disappointed, because he knows his grammar and vocabulary are very good. However, without speaking fluently, it's harder to get a higher score.
他可能會失望，因為他知道自己語法和詞彙很好。然而，講話不暢就很難得高分。
Let's do one more example. Now we have Student B.?She's very confident in her speaking; she can speak fluently.
再來看另一個例子。我們來看學生B。她對自己的口語很自信，她可以說一口流利的英語。
Giving longer answers is no problem. She makes a lot of grammar and vocabulary mistakes, but her meaning is almost always clear and easy to understand.
給出詳盡地回答不是問題。她有很多語法和詞彙錯誤，但她的意思幾乎總是清晰易懂。
Her pronunciation is generally clear, with a light accent. She makes a few mistakes, but she's very easy to understand, again.
她的發音大體清晰，有一點口音。她有一點錯誤，但還是能讓人聽得很明白。
So, what score would she get? For fluency and coherence, she would probably get 6 or 7, because she can speak fluently (and) she can give longer answers without any problems.
那麼她得多少分？在流暢連貫度上，她可能得6或7分，因為她講話流利，毫不費力地給出詳盡地回答。
For vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, she probably get around 6, because although she makes mistakes, her meaning is easy to understand. So overall, she would get around 6.0.
在詞彙，語法和發音上，她可能得6分左右，因為儘管她有錯誤，但她能讓人聽得很明白。所以她的總體得分是6分左右。
She would need to improve her grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation skills to get 7. Because although you can get 6.0 while making quite a lot of mistakes, you can't make very many mistakes if you want to get 7.0.
她需要提高語法、詞彙和發音技巧以便得到7分。因為即使你犯了很多錯誤，但仍可以得6分，若想得7分則不能犯這些錯誤。
Understanding the exam and the scoring system can really help you to prepare for the test. Next, I suggest you watch this lesson, if you haven't already, to get some useful advice for the speaking test.
了解考試和打分系統可以幫你備考。下一步，如果沒看過的話，我建議你觀看此課程學習一些有用的口語考試建議。
OK, that's the end of the lesson. Thank you very much for watching. If you want to read the full text of this lesson, you can see it on our website here, but that's all for today.
好的，本課結束。感謝觀看。如果你想閱讀本課的文本，你可以在我們的網站上看到，今天就到這裡。
Thanks again. I'll see you next time. Bye Bye!
再次感謝觀看，下次見，再見。