* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，並樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註，如果需要了解Dictcom音標，請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數8.5，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#英語思維#
What is RO (reverse osmosis)-water?【譯】什麼是RO反滲透水？【單詞】reverse [ri-'vurs][r'vs] adj. 相反的；反面的；顛倒的【單詞】osmosis [oz-'moh-sis, os-][z'mss] n. 滲透；滲透性
Osmosis is when water (or another solvent) flows from an area of low concentration to high concentration.【譯】滲透是指水（或另一種溶劑）從低濃度區流向高濃度區。【單詞】solvent ['sol-vuhnt]['slvnt] n. 溶劑【單詞】flows 原型：flow [floh][fl] vi. 流動；湧出【單詞】concentration [kon-suhn-'trey-shuhn][knsen'tren] n. 集中；專心；濃度
For example, say you put salt in your drink and it falls to the bottom, the bottom of the glass is highly concentrated in salt, so the salt over time disperses to the top so that there's an equal amount in the whole glass.【譯】例如，假設你在飲料裡放了鹽，它會掉到底部，杯子底部的鹽高度集中，所以隨著時間的推移，鹽會分散到頂部，這樣整個玻璃杯中的鹽量是均勻的。【短語】for example 例如；例句：You can buy fruit here - oranges and bananas, for example. 你可以在這裡買水果，例如買柑橘和香蕉。【短語】over time 隨著時間的過去，久而久之，超時；例句：Over time, the service learns what you like to read and will personalize its news suggestions for you. 隨著時間的推移，這項服務會了解到你喜歡閱讀哪類內容，並為你提供個性化的新聞建議。【單詞】salt [sawlt][slt] n. 鹽；刺激；鹽類【單詞】drink [dringk][drk] n. 飲料；酒【單詞】bottom ['bot-uhm]['btm] n. 底部；底端 adj. 底部的【單詞】glass [glas, glahs][ɡlɑs] n. 玻璃；玻璃杯；玻璃製品【單詞】highly ['hahy-lee]['hali] adv. 高度地；很；非常【單詞】concentrated 原型：concentrate ['kon-suhn-treyt]['knsntret] v. 專心；集中；濃縮【單詞】disperses [dih-'spurs][d'sps] v. 分散；散開【單詞】equal ['ee-kwuhl]['ikwl] adj. 相等的；平等的
This requires no energy so we say it happens passively.【譯】這不需要能量，所以我們說它是被動發生的。【單詞】requires 原型：require [ri-'kwahyuhr][r'kwa] v. 要求；需要【單詞】happens 原型：happen ['hap-uhn]['hpn] vi. 發生；碰巧；出現【單詞】passively ['pas-iv]['psvli] adv. 被動地；順從地
In reverse osmosis, we want something that's already high concentration to get even more highly concentrated.【譯】而在反滲透中，我們希望已經很高濃度的東西變得更高濃度。
The best example is water desalination, where we want to take salt out of seawater to make it drinkable.【譯】最好的例子是海水淡化，我們想從海水中去掉鹽，使之可以被飲用。【單詞】desalination [disl'nen] n. 脫鹽(作用)【單詞】seawater ['see-waw-ter, -wot-er]['siwt] n. 海水【單詞】drinkable ['dring-kuh-buhl]['drkbl] adj. 可飲用的；好喝的
We want the water to flow from area of high concentration (seawater) to area of low concentration (purified water).【譯】我們希望水從高濃度區（海水）流向低濃度區（純化水）。【單詞】purified 原型：purify ['pyoor-uh-fahy]['pjrfa] v.
Its like trying to undo putting salt in water.【譯】這就像是想做把鹽放在水裡的逆向操作。【單詞】undo [uhn-'doo][n'du] v. 解開；鬆開；取消
This requires energy to do, so call this an active process.【譯】這需要能量，所以可以稱之為一個活躍的過程。【單詞】active ['ak-tiv]['ktv] adj. 活躍的；積極的；起作用的；靈活的
We need energy to do this.【譯】我們需要能量來做實現這個過程。
Osmosis: if you have salty water and fresh water separated by a filter, the salty water will suck up more water (from the fresh side) in order to dilute the salt.【譯】滲透作用：如果你有鹹水和淡水被一個過濾器分離，鹹水會吸收更多的水（從淡水一側），以便稀釋有鹽的鹹水。【用法】in order to 意為「為了……」，表示目的；在用法和意義上相當於so as to結構，但是in order to結構可以用於句首、句中，而so as to多用於句中。其否定式分別為：in order not to 和so as not to。in order to在句中表示目的時，常可以轉化成in order that。如：We should work hard in order to pass the exam.=We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam. 【單詞】salty ['sawl-tee]['slti] adj. 鹹的【單詞】fresh [fresh][fre] adj. 新鮮的；清新的；新近的【單詞】separated 原型：separate ['sep-uh-reyt]['seprt] v. 分開；隔開；區分【單詞】filter ['fil-ter]['flt] n. 過濾器【單詞】suck [suhk][sk] vt. 啜；吸入；吸收 vi. 吸；吸收【單詞】dilute [dih-'loot, dahy-][da'lut] vt. 稀釋；衝淡
Salt, sand, dirt, etc., have a tendency to absorb water.【譯】鹽、沙子、泥土等容易吸水。【單詞】sand [sand][snd] n. 沙；沙子【單詞】dirt [durt][dt] n. 汙垢；泥土；灰塵【單詞】etc. [et'setr] et cetra(=and so on) 等等，及其他【單詞】tendency ['ten-duhn-see]['tendnsi] n. 趨勢；傾向；秉性【單詞】absorb [ab-'sawrb, -'zawrb][b'sb] vt. 吸收；吞併；承受
Reverse Osmosis is when you have salty water, or water with sand, dirt, impurities in it, but you apply pressure to force the water OUT through the filter, and purify it despite the fact that salt, dirt, etc. want to absorb water not release it.【譯】反滲透是指當你有鹹水，或水中含有沙子、汙垢、雜質，但你施加壓力迫使水通過過濾器排出，並淨化它，儘管實際上，鹽、汙垢等想要吸收水而不是釋放它。【單詞】impurities 原型：impurity [im-'pyoor-i-tee][m'pjrti] n. 不純；雜質【單詞】apply [uh-'plahy]['pla] vt. 應用；塗【單詞】purify ['pyoor-uh-fahy]['pjrfa] v. 精華
【單詞】release [ri-'lees][r'lis] n. 釋放
The pressure forces the water out, kinda like squeezing a wet towel or wet sand etc.【譯】壓力迫使水流出，有點像擠溼毛巾或溼沙子等。【單詞】squeezing 原型：squeeze [skweez][skwiz] v. 擠壓；塞進；壓榨；設法騰出【單詞】towel ['tou-uhl, toul]['tal] n. 毛巾；手巾
People who eat lots of sugar tend to have bad teeth.【譯】吃太多糖的人往往牙齒不好。【用法】tend to表示「朝某方向；趨向；偏重」，後面接動詞原形。如：We tend to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry.忙中不免出錯。【單詞】teeth 原型：tooth [tooth][tuθ] n. 牙齒；齒狀物
Vegetables are good for teeth.【譯】蔬菜對牙齒有好處。【單詞】Vegetables 原型：vegetable ['vej-tuh-buhl, 'vej-i-tuh-]['vedtbl] n. 蔬菜；植物
Flouride works in toothpaste by being a wash for the teeth in which it deposits itself.【譯】氟化物在牙膏中起作用，它是一種洗牙劑。【單詞】toothpaste ['tooth-peyst]['tuθpest] n. 牙膏【單詞】deposits 原型：deposit [dih-'poz-it][d'pzt] v. 放置；(使)沉澱；存儲
Does this work similarly with vegetables?【譯】這對蔬菜也有類似的作用嗎？【單詞】similarly ['sim-uh-ler]['smlli] adv. 相似地；類似地
Eating, for instance, a high calcium diet would promote healthy teeth because the calcium is washed directly on the teeth while chewing?【譯】例如，高鈣飲食可以促進健康的牙齒，因為咀嚼時鈣會直接被衝洗在牙齒上？【單詞】instance ['in-stuhns]['nstns] n. 例子；場合；情況；要求；訴訟程序 vt. 舉例說明【單詞】calcium ['kal-see-uhm]['klsim] n. 鈣【單詞】diet ['dahy-it]['dat] n. 日常食物；規定飲食；節食【單詞】promote [pruh-'moht][pr'mt] vt. 促進；提升【單詞】healthy ['hel-thee]['helθi] adj. 健康的【單詞】directly [dih-'rekt-lee, dahy-][d'rektli] adv. 直接地；立即；正好地；完全 conj. <英>一...就...【單詞】chewing 原型：chew [choo][tu] v. 咀嚼
Or does calcium and other required minerals/nutrients for teeth come from the wash of your saliva, and as such it requires that you ingest calcium and have it transported to the saliva producing glands?【譯】或者，牙齒所需的鈣和其他礦物質/營養素是否來自唾液的洗滌，因此需要你攝取鈣並將其輸送到分泌唾液的腺體？【單詞】saliva [suh-'lahy-vuh][s'lav] n. 唾液【單詞】ingest [in-'jest][n'dest] v. 咽下；攝取【單詞】transported 原型：transport [trans-'pawrt]['trnspt] v. 運輸；傳播【單詞】glands 原型：gland [gland][ɡlnd] n. 腺
Flouride in water is supposed to help teeth.【譯】水中的氟化物應該對牙齒有幫助。【用法】be supposed to中的to是動詞不定式符號，後接動詞原形，主語為物時，它表示「本應；本該」，用於表示某事本應該發生而沒有發生。它還可以用來表示 「被認為是，被相信是」。【單詞】supposed 原型：suppose [suh-'pohz][s'pz] vt. 假設；假定；認為；想；應該；讓(虛擬語氣) vi. 推測
It is also naturally found in water in some places.【譯】在一些地方，它也能自然地在水中發現。【單詞】naturally ['nach-er-uh-lee]['ntrli] adv. 自然地；天生地
RO removes practically everything, meaning it has zero value.【譯】RO反滲透去除了水中幾乎所有的東西，意味著它（RO反滲透水）的價值為零。【單詞】removes 原型：remove [ri-'moov][r'muv] v. 消除；脫掉【單詞】practically ['prak-tik-lee]['prktkli] adv. 實際上；幾乎；簡直
Does the lack of traces of calcium and flouride from the water make the water less healthy for a human?【譯】水中缺乏微量的鈣和氟化物是否會降低人體健康水平？【單詞】traces 原型：trace [treys][tres] n. 痕跡；微量；蹤跡
What about a plant?【譯】植物呢？【單詞】plant [plant, plahnt][plɑnt] n. 植物
Is it possible to just wash away all the soil nutrients in a potted plant by using RO water, since the water will not come from the ground and thus will contain no calcium, phosphorus, or nitrogen?【譯】有沒有可能用反滲透水把盆栽植物裡所有的土壤養分都衝走，因為水不會從地裡出來，因此不含鈣、磷或氮嗎？【單詞】soil [soil][sl] n. 土地；土壤；汙物，糞便 v. 弄汙【單詞】nutrients 原型：nutrient ['noo-tree-uhnt, 'nyoo-]['njutrint] n. 營養物；營養品【單詞】potted 原型：pot [pot][pt] n. 罐；壺，盆【單詞】ground [ground][ɡrand] n. 地面；地方【單詞】contain [kuhn-'teyn][kn'ten] vt. 容納；包含；抑制；克制 vi. 自製【單詞】phosphorus ['fos-fer-uhs]['fsfrs] n. 磷【單詞】nitrogen ['nahy-truh-juhn]['natrdn] n. 氮
In this instance, it seems comical to use RO water over ground water from a hose for plant watering, and then bring back the nutrients with a bottle of NPK mix, kind of like bleaching bread white and then bringing back the nutritional value with vitamin enriching.【譯】在這種情況下，用反滲透水代替軟管中的地下水澆灌植物，然後用一瓶NPK混合物把營養物質帶回來，就像把麵包漂白成白色，然後用富含維生素的方法恢復營養價值。【單詞】comical ['kom-i-kuhl]['kmkl] adj. 好笑的【單詞】hose [hohz][hz] n. 水管；橡皮軟管【單詞】bottle ['bot-l]['btl] n. 瓶子【單詞】mix [miks][mks] v. 混合；摻入；合成；聯繫；融合；介入【單詞】bleaching 原型：bleach [bleech][blit] v. 變白；漂白【單詞】bread [bred][bred] n. 麵包【單詞】nutritional [noo-'trish-uhn, nyoo-][nju'trnl] adj. 營養的；滋養的【單詞】vitamin ['vahy-tuh-min; British also 'vit-uh-min]['vtmn] n. 維生素【單詞】enriching 原型：enrich [en-'rich][n'rt] vt. 使富足；使肥沃；使豐富【專有名詞】NPK NPK =Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 氮磷鉀肥
No, water is water.【譯】不，水就是水。
On submarines, US Navy personnel drink RO filtered water for months without problems.【譯】在潛艇上，美國海軍人員飲用反滲透過濾水幾個月沒有問題。【單詞】submarines 原型：submarine [suhb-muh-'reen][sbm'rin] n. 潛水艇 adj. 海面下的【單詞】personnel [pur-suh-'nel][ps'nel] n. 職員；人事部門【專有名詞】US Navy 美國海軍
To get the mineral equivalent of one multivitamin you need to drink 600 gallons of mineral water.【譯】要獲得相當於一片複合維生素的礦物質，你需要喝600加侖的礦泉水。【單詞】mineral ['min-er-uhl, 'min-ruhl]['mnrl] n. 礦物【單詞】equivalent [ih-'kwiv-uh-luhnt]['kwvlnt] adj. 等價的 相等的 n. 相等物【單詞】multivitamin [muhl-ti-'vahy-tuh-min][mlti'vtmn] n. 多種維他命劑【單詞】gallons 原型：gallon ['gal-uhn]['ɡln] n. 加侖(容量單位)，一加侖約為3.8升
The amount of minerals in that expensive perrier is miniscule and hardly even worth noting compared to the minerals you get from food.【譯】與你從食物中獲得的礦物質相比，昂貴的巴黎水的礦物質含量微乎其微，甚至不值得一提。【單詞】minerals 原型：mineral ['min-er-uhl, 'min-ruhl]['mnrl] n. 礦物【單詞】expensive [ik-'spen-siv][k'spensv] adj. 昂貴的；高價的【單詞】perrier 名詞 perrier n. 畢雷礦泉水；巴黎水(法國南部產的一種冒泡的礦泉水) ，巴黎水是一種天然有氣礦泉水。【單詞】miniscule ['min-uh-skyool, mi-'nuhs-kyool]['mnskjul] adj. 草寫小字的；小字的 =minuscule.【單詞】hardly ['hahrd-lee]['hɑdli] adv. 幾乎不；簡直不；剛剛【單詞】compared 原型：compare [kuhm-'pair][km'pe] v. 比較；對比
With potted plants it is possible to wash it away, but it would need a lot of very, very heavy watering to do so.【譯】對於盆栽植物可以把它（土壤中的養分）衝走，但需要大量的澆水。【單詞】heavy ['hev-ee]['hevi] adj. 大(量)的；重的；沉重的；猛烈的
RO water has a slightly lower than normal lethal dose compared to normal water, but you aren't going to ever drink that much either way.【譯】與普通水相比，反滲透水的使人中毒劑量略低於正常飲用水，但無論如何你都不會喝那麼多。【單詞】slightly [slahyt]['slatli] adv. 些微地；稍微；瘦小地【單詞】lethal ['lee-thuhl]['liθl] adj. 致命的；危險的；有效的【單詞】dose [dohs][ds] n. 劑量；一劑；一服
Lack of trace minerals does nothing unless you reach the lethal dose point, in which case they make it a tiny bit lower.【譯】微量礦物質的缺乏不會怎麼樣，除非你達到致命的劑量點，在這種情況下，它們會使它降低一點點。【單詞】unless [uhn-'les, uhn-][n'les] conj. 除非；如果不 prep. 除 ... 外【單詞】reach [reech][rit] v. 到達；伸出；達成【單詞】tiny ['tahy-nee]['tani] adj. 極小的；微小的