小編上期為大家分享了英語的基礎句式與成分,今天我們來看看英語學習中佔有重要地位的時態與語態~
大綱
1.一般時
2.進行時
3.完成時
4.完成進行時(無被動)
現在完成進行時 have been doing 一直在做
過去完成進行時 had been doing
將來完成進行時will have been doing
過去將來完成進行時 would have been doing
具體各類時態的用法
(一)一般現在時
①「主將從現」(時間、條件、讓步狀語從句)
If we don't act now to protect environment, we'll live to regret it.
②按時間、時間表進行的,用一般現在時
Look at the time table. Hurry up! Flight 4024takes off at 18:20.
補充:
-來來去去:come; arrive; go; leave
-三開始三結束:begin; start; take off; stop; end; finish
(二)一般過去時
①過去發生的動作雖有先後順序,但只要用and 連接,則視為並列結構
The professorput one finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled with satisfication.
②虛擬語氣
-It is high time that + 句子(一般過去時)
-If 對現在或將來假設, 從句用一般過去時
-wish 對現在假設,用一般過去時
-If only……要是……就好了 用一般過去時
(三)一般將來時
①be about to=be on the point of 就要,馬上就(不與時間狀語連用)
The train is about to start.
②be to do 將要
-was/were to have done (過去)本打算做卻未做
We were to have told you, but you were not in.
-be to do 應該
What's to be done? 應該怎麼辦?
-be to do 註定
The plan is to be a failure.
③祈使句+ and/ or + 一般將來時
Work hard, and you will got good grades.
(四)現在完成時
①since +點時間 for + 段時間
②標誌詞: lately; recently; on the past/ last few years; over the years; so far=up to now=until now; already; yet; ever; never; twice; just
③常考句型:
i) It/ That/ This is the first time that+ 現在完成時
ii) It is +adj. 最高級+n.+現在完成時
It is the best film that I have ever seen.
iii) 表示時間長度可用一般現在時表將來
It is six years since I came here.
(五)過去完成時
①標誌詞: by; by the time; by the end of; until; when; before
Then it hit me—why would she not want to tell me about what she had done.
② want; hope; mean; plan
intend had intended to do sth.打算做而未做
We had intendedto come to see you, but my mother asked me for a help.
③常考句式:
i) hardly......when...... no sooner......when......
Hardly had I go home when the rain poured down.
ii) It was +段時間+since +過去完成時
It was ten years since we had had such a wounderful time.
iii) It was the first time +過去完成時
(六)將來完成時
by/ by the end of +將來的時間
-I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.
-I know. By next month, he will have savedenough for a used one.
(七)現在進行時
①現在進行時表將來
go; leave; arrive; come; start; begin; run out
②these days
be always doing=be constantly doing=be continually doing 均表示一直做某事
③-感官 look; feel; taste; smell; sound; hear無進行時
-存在或擁有 have; oven; possess; belong to; exist; remain; stay無進行時
-認為 think; belief; knoe; understand; want 無進行時
(八)過去將來時
①would/ should do
②-if 引導的虛擬語氣,主句用過去式、現在時,從句用過去將來時
-wish表示將來時,從句用過去將來時
-含蓄條件句,主句用現在時、將來時,從句用過去將來時
(九)現在完成進行時
① have been doing 一直在做某事
-Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
-The new Star Wars, we have been waitinghere for more than two hours.
②現在完成時與現在完成進行時
i)現在完成時強調結果或影響,現在完成進行時強調動作的持續
ii)現在完成進行時強調動作的反覆性
iii)現在完成進行時有一種感情色彩
I have been waiting for you for 3 hours.
I have waited for you for 3 hours.
③過去完成進行時
Wehad been waiting for the teacher for almost an hour when the president came to keep up patient.
彩蛋來啦~(給大家推薦一些寫作中可以用的名言~)
Time and tide wait for no man.Behind bad luck comes good luck.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Books,like friends,should be few and well chosen.Follow your own course,and let people talk.大家可以在評論區留下自己的翻譯,下期小編會公布優美翻譯,凡是被小編cue到的都可以擁有一張專屬手機壁紙哦!(一定記得關注小編呦~)
不要忘了點讚!!!Love you!