南開中學 段勝利
一、介詞考查比例不大
介詞在高考試題中的數量，一般是有2至3個，所佔的比例不大，多出現在單選、完形和改錯中。例如：
2007年高考天津卷第4題
________ fire, all exits must be kept clear.
A. In place of
B. Instead of
C. In case of
D. In spite of
答案C。考查介詞短語。
2004年高考天津卷第39題
「 Ready … set … 」 The gun popped and we were off . The other girls rushed 39 me. I felt ashamed as I fell farther and farther behind.
39. A. from behind
B. ahead of
C. next to
D. close to
答案B。考查介詞短語。根據as I fell farther and farther behind的語義選擇ahead of，「在……前面」。
2006年高考天津卷第60題
to me to join in activities. As a result, I gradually got to know 59.
the other campers. Because the help you gave me that summer, 60.
my life changed. I gained so much confidence that I go back 61.
第60題答案，Because後面加上of，考查正確使用介詞的能力。
二、介詞短語的認知和介詞的基本用法是考查重點
高考天津卷近幾年涉及到介詞的考查集中在介詞短語的認知和介詞的基本用法，題目通常不是很難。但由於許多題目涉及到搭配、介詞的多種用法和不同介詞連接同一名詞的不同含義，因此在複習時有時也會感覺不好掌握。從詞彙角度掌握介詞要注意：
(一)記準介詞相關的搭配和介詞短語的語義
動詞與介詞、形容詞與介詞以及介詞與名詞等所形成的搭配結構，是介詞考查的重點，也是我們學習時的一個難點。對於搭配問題，首先是理解不同介詞的含義，在此基礎上要強化機械記憶，記準搭配結構。
例一 Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health.
A. of; at B. by; in
C. of; on D. on; at
答案C。考查動詞convince的介詞搭配「convince sb of sth」，名詞effect和介詞的搭配，effect on sth。要特別注意還有一些動詞，如rob，remind等都有相似的結構，即rob/remind sb of sth。「他搶劫了我的錢」，要表達為「He robbed me of my money.」而不能只顧中文思維，錯誤地說成「 He robbed my money.」
例二 The better use you can make time, the greater contributions you will make_______ society.
A.in, to B.on, for
C.of, to D. in, on
答案C。考查兩個動詞詞組make use of sth和 make contribution to sth。
例三 After the earthquake, the injured were cared _____in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals of neighboring cities.
A. of B. for
C. after D. with
答案B。考查動詞詞組care for sb。
例四 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose.
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
答案B。本題表面上看是考查定語從句，而實質上卻是考查使用介詞的能力，即(in)to (some)the degree，到某種程度上。
例五 In order to change attitudes____employing women，the government is bringing in new laws.
A.about B.of
C.towards D.on
答案C。考查名詞和介詞的搭配，attitudes towards，…的態度
例六 People have always been curious _____how living things in the earth exactly began.
A. in B. at
C. of D. about
答案D。考查形容詞和名詞的搭配，be curious about sth。
例七 _____achievement, last week’s ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.
A. In terms of
B. In case of
C. As a result
D. In face of
答案A。考查介詞短語的不同含義。in terms of，從…方面來說；in case of，萬一；as a result，結果；in face of，面對，面臨。
例八 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ____it.
A. in favor of
B. in memory of
C. in honor of
D. in search of
答案A。考查介詞短語的不同含義。in favor of，贊成，喜歡；in memory of，紀念，懷念；in honor of，以紀念，向......表示敬意；in search of，尋找。選項中的四個介詞短語，結構相同，記憶時可以根據其中的名詞favor，memory，honor，search的不同含義來加以理解和記憶。
（責任編輯：賈志超）