當我們談及高大隊員內線技術,Post Move 是一個永遠也繞不過去的話題。由於文化與表達方式的差異,對於初學者來說 Post 是一個讓人感到迷惑的詞彙,它沒有一個明顯的概念界限,在不同的比賽環境下、不同的語境下,表述不同的事物時,有著不同的含義,今天我們將其歸類並分析,希望能給大家帶來幫助。
鑑於筆者的知識水平、學習經歷及個人見解的局限性,文中所述的內容可能有不當、失誤之處,請各位批評指正、多多包涵!您的關注與轉發,是我們奮鬥的不竭動力!
一、我們從三個方面理解 Post
1. 從隊員的角色講:
Post Player 指的是:在內線做背身要位/背身對抗的球員。這是一個場上角色稱呼,由球員所在的場上位置和所運用的技術動作而定,一般指的是高大內線隊員,可以是中鋒隊員,也可以是前鋒隊員,但它不是一個絕對稱謂。
舉個例子:一名球員在球場上,如果他是隊長,那麼不論他打那個位置,採用哪種打法,他的身份是固定的,他就是隊長。
而 Post Player 則稍有不同,如果一名隊員在背身要球,你把球傳給他,他打的是大前鋒也好,打中鋒也罷,他就是 Post Player ,如果他總是在外線投三分,持球突破,則人們就不怎麼稱其為 Post Player ,這個稱呼更注重某一時刻球員所在的位置,所運用的技術動作。
因此 High Post Player 指的就是:正在/經常在高位做背身單打/對抗的隊員,如果他移動到低位接球,那麼稱他為High Post Player則不太合適。Low Post Player 的含義,反之亦然。
2. 從球場的區域/位置講:
球場上有 Post Area, 即這個區域不是籃聯或者NBA限定的規則內區域,且在Post Area 內,有 High Post 和 Low Post 之分。
所謂 High Post:我們一般稱為「高位」,即三分線內,罰球線附近、含限制區外的適合發揮背身技術的區域;
反之 Low Post:我們一般稱為「低位」,多指籃下兩側,限制區周邊,適合拿球後,運球轉身後正好可以很舒服地面筐投籃的位置。
3. 從技術動作的運用講:
Post Move 指的是:高大隊員在高位/低位做出的,有球/無球背身對抗技術的統稱。
它有幾個特點,即:
A. 該技術動作一般是身材高大隊員的常用動作;
B. 該技術動作的發生區域是在前場高位或低位;
C. 該技術動作可是有球對抗動作,也可是無球/要球動作;
D. 該技術動作的運用常常是以背對籃筐為開始;
E. 該稱呼是眾多技術動作的統稱,並非單一指某一個動作。
二、經典且常用的 Post Move
1. Posting up 背身要位/背身對抗
To "post up" is to establish a position in the low post, the area near the basket below the foul line, usually in order to take advantage of a smaller defender.
「背身要位」是在低位佔據位置的技術動作,即罰球線以下靠近籃筐的位置,通常,這是為了利用優勢,以大打小。
The offensive player usually faces away from the basket, so that his body can protect the ball from being stolen by the defender.
進攻隊員通常背對籃筐,從而他可以利用身體護球,以避免被防守隊員搶斷。
From this position, options such as spinning or backing down the defender (to close-in on the basket, for easier scoring opportunities) then become available.
通過該姿勢,我們可以轉身運球擺脫,或下籃下擠靠對手(來靠近籃筐,獲得輕鬆得分的機會)。
2. Up and under 上下步
The up and under is a move consisting of two parts: a shot fake (the up) and a step-through (the under).
上下步包含兩個部分:投籃虛晃動作(上)和跨步探身動作(下)。
First the player with the ball fakes a shot by thrusting the ball above his head as if to take a shot, then when the defender jumps in an attempt to block the shot, the offensive player steps by him and attempts a clear, unguarded shot.
首先持球隊員向額前上方舉球假裝做投籃動作,然後當防守隊員跳起試圖封蓋投籃時,持球隊員跨步探身,完成一個乾淨的、無防守壓力的投籃。
Generally used by post players, Hakeem Olajuwon and Kevin McHale were considered masters of this move.
通常,該技術動作由內線高大隊員完成,像哈基姆·奧拉朱旺和凱文·麥克海爾都是該技術動作的鼻祖。
3. Hook shot 勾手投籃
The hook shot is one of the most effective inside moves, but it is also quite difficult to execute. A hook shot begins when the player puts his body between the ball and the opponent. He then releases the ball towards the basket with his outside hand in a "hook" motion.
勾手投籃是內線技術最有效的進攻技術之一,但卻難以掌握。做勾手動作時,該球員會外側手持球,身體護球。然後朝向籃筐出手,做「勾手」動作。
The hook shot and variations such as the jump-hook and skyhook are effective because they are very difficult for the defender to block, although it is harder to hit the shot with precision.
如「跳起勾手」和「天勾投籃」等勾手投籃的同源衍生動作都非常有效果,即使這些技術動作的投籃難度更大,但這些動作都非常難於封蓋。
The advantage the hook shot offers is the space it creates between the offensive player and his defender. This extra space can reduce or eliminate the advantages enjoyed by a taller defender.
該技術動作的優勢在於,它創造了防守隊員和投籃隊員之間的空間。該空間能夠減少,甚至消除高大隊員的防守優勢。
The hook shot is most often used by post players because it is difficult to make the shot from a distance. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar became the NBA's all-time leading scorer by using his almost indefensible skyhook.
勾手投籃通常是 Post Player 的常用手段,因為該技術動作遠距離運用的難度很大。卡裡姆·阿布杜爾-賈巴爾就曾依靠其無人能擋的天勾投籃斬獲了NBA得分王的稱號。
4. Drop step 撤步轉身
Also called a reverse pivot, the drop step is a move in which the player posting up takes a back step on the side of a defender behind him and spins to that side to gain leverage.
該技術動作也稱為後轉身,撤步轉身指在籃下要位的隊員向身後的防守者一側後撤一步,然後向該側轉身,從而取得對抗優勢/主動權。
5. Spin and drive 運球轉身突破
When the offensive player receives the ball in the low post, the player either fakes in one direction and then spins in the opposite direction, or immediately after catching the ball, the player spins around the defender and goes up for the shot or takes one hard dribble and then takes the shot.
當進攻球員在低位接球,他可以向任一方向虛晃後,向另一個方向轉身,或者接球瞬間,就可以轉身投籃/用力運球一次後投籃。
6. Sikma move 西格瑪轉身
Named after Jack Sikma, the post player receives the ball with their back to the basket and keeps the ball at forehead level. The post then pivots to face the basket while bringing the ball overhead (almost behind the head) to shoot a jump shot. The ball is released high over the head making it difficult for the defense to block.
該技術由西格瑪命名, Post Player 背身接球,保持額前上方持球。然後轉身,舉球過頭(幾乎到頭後),跳投。出手時球在頭上方,使得防守隊員的封蓋非常困難。
7. Dream shake 夢幻腳步
Named after Hakeem "The Dream" Olajuwon, this move is executed when a post player dribbles alongside the baseline and with one hand under the ball fakes a layup, then pivots to the outside for a jump hook.
該技術由「大夢」哈基姆-奧拉朱旺命名,該技術動作的運用時機是 Post Player 沿底線運球,一手在球下做上籃假動作,然後轉身後撤轉身跳投。
If the defender recovers and jumps at the hook shot, the post player can pump fake the hook and step through for the unguarded layup (similar to the up and under move).
如果防守者上前跳起封堵投籃, Post Player 可以做虛晃假動作,然後跨步探身晃過對手上籃(類似於上下步動作)。
三、 Post Move 技術運用的要點/原則
1. 接球時要雙腳著地,這樣左右腳都可以作為中樞腳,兩腳必須要儘可能的接觸地面來保持身體姿勢、向某一方向滑步或投籃;
2. 不懼與防守隊員進行身體對抗,敢於要位,通過接觸來感知對手,「坐」住對手;
3. 接球時機很好時,要大聲喊「球!」提醒隊友,並伸出外側手做出要球的信號;
4. 「Read & React」 解讀防守並根據防守特點選擇相應的進攻手段,不可所有進攻手段千篇一律;
5. 適當地做出假動作,假動作要緩慢、逼真,就像一個沒做完的真動作;
6. 練好罰球,內線強打,會經常遭到犯規,如果罰球不好,則會被針對。