常見名詞考點透析
一、單、複數名詞的正確使用
[例] They have all sorts of course.
[析] 英語中,名詞有單數、複數或不可數的形式。本題中的course是可數名詞,意指「課程」,故應用複數形式courses。
二、僅以複數形式出現的名詞
[例] Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!
[析] Many happy returns of the day! 是一句固定的生日祝語,相當於漢語的「祝你年年有今日,歲歲有今朝!」returns 在此處便是約定俗成的用法。
除這一結構外,像shake hands with (= shake sb’s hand), make friends with和change seats / trains / buses等常用的結構,及thanks, cheers, congratulations, things(情況), affairs, feelings, as follows(如下), in tears, in ruins, in pieces, in chains(被囚禁), in high spirits, in one’s teens / twenties, in the 1990’s (或in the 1990s), into halves, good manners, give one’s regards / best wishes to, make contributions to, make preparations for等,也都是常用或只用複數的名詞式。
三、純粹不可數名詞的使用
[例] I’m glad you have made such a great progress that...
[析] 在英語中,有些名詞, 如advice(建議), news, information, fun, weather, progress, homework, housework等,無論在什麼情況下都是不可數的,所以這些詞沒有複數形式,也不可把其與不定冠詞連用。可見,such a great progress 使用有誤(須改為such great progress)。再例: She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. 由於homework為不可數名詞,所以,作業再多,也無複數。
四、轉義名詞的考查熱點
[例] When you finish reading the book, you will have ______ better understanding of ______ life
A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. a; 不填
[析] 本題旨在考查考生對understanding和life這兩個名詞可數性的界定:understanding已為轉義用法,life在此泛指「人生」,是不可數名詞,故而便可正確選用冠詞D。