本期導讀
本文節選自《經濟學人》20201128期。Black Friday(黑色星期五)指感恩節後的那個星期五(每年11月的第四個星期五),是美國的一個購物狂歡節。而今年由於疫情,一些大型零售商將原本「黑色星期五」的24小時狂歡延長到了幾周,像沃爾瑪、塔吉特等大型零售商也早在10月11日就宣布了節日商品折扣。
Shopping frenzies
Fade from black
America's favourite spree isn't what it used to be
OXFORD-DICTIONARY lexicologists recently declared 「blursday」 a word of the year. Pandemic-induced date confusion extends beyond self-isolating households. Best Buy, a large American electronics retailer, recently declared that 「Black Friday isn’t just one day this year—it’s months long.」
標題中的frenzy意思是名詞「瘋狂;狂亂」,這裡的shopping frenzy 可以理解為「購物狂歡(節)」spree 意思是「狂歡;玩樂」,這句話是說,美國人最喜歡的狂歡節(黑色星期五)已經不是它原來的樣子了。lexicologist 指「詞彙學家」,lexicology 就表示「詞彙學」blursday 指「模糊日」,和covidiot(新冠白痴)一樣,都是今年疫情期間出現的新詞;blursday 用來形容疫情期間人們隔離在家,對今天是哪天毫無概念,分不清今天是星期幾。這種狀態也就是下文中所說的 date confusion。retailer 意思是「零售商」,動詞是retail;說到retail,還有一個詞是 wholesale,意思是形容詞「批發的」。
The start of the pre-Christmas shopping season, which this year falls on November 27th, has long been a bonanza for American retailers. The term itself is often credited to Philadelphia’s policemen, who used it to describe the pandemonium caused by suburban shoppers and tourists thronging the city ahead of the annual Army-Navy American-football game on the Saturday after Thanksgiving. By the 1980s shops recognised the branding opportunity—and began marking the occasion with deep discounts and 「doorbuster」 deals to pull people from their turkey-laden tables to shopping aisles.
fall on 本意是「落在」,在這裡就表示「某事發生在某天」,即「sth. falls on...」bonanza 意思是名詞「興盛,繁榮」be credited to 原形是 credit A to B 表示「把A歸功於B」,相當於 credit B with Apandemonium 意思是名詞「騷動」suburban 指「郊區的;城外的」,名詞是suburbthrong 意思是「群集,蜂擁而至」annual 表示「一年一次的」doorbuster 指「開門大搶購(指商品在特定時間內減價出售,通常指早上到中午這段時間)」-laden 是個詞綴,用於構成形容詞,意思是「充滿…的,裝載…的」aisle 意思是「走道,過道」,超市貨架之間的過道、火車及飛機上座位中間的過道都可以用aisle來表示。
These days retailers make one-fifth of their holiday revenue, defined as sales in November and December, in the five days from Thanksgiving to Cyber Monday, invented in 2005 by the National Retail Federation (NRF), a trade group, in recognition of an online sales bump on the first working day after the holiday weekend. Black Friday typically attracts more than twice the foot traffic of other annual shopping sprees in America.
revenue 指「財政收入」Cyber Monday 指「網絡星期一」,是感恩節後的第一個星期一,是美國的一個購物節,由於其英文名稱Cyber Monday中的Cyber,在希臘語裡為「剁手」的諧音,故被中國網友稱為「剁手星期一」。bump 本意是「碰撞」,在美國的一些詞典中還能查到bump有「boost;raise」之意,而在這裡 an online sales bump 就表示「網絡銷量激增」。foot traffic 指「客流量」
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