中考英語複習之語法講解第五講—動詞

　　第5講：動詞

 

　　我們步步深入,開始接觸到整個句子的heart--動詞了。掌握了動詞，你學起英語來就會感到駕輕就熟了。告訴你，一定要記牢動詞的現在分詞，過去式，過去分詞，如果在這些小地方丟分，那才討厭呢。比如：catch 的過去式和過去分詞(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下決心，好好記一記吧。下面呢，我們就各個擊破。先講系動詞。

 

　　系動詞：大概是最簡單的動詞了。你只需注意的是系動詞除了be的形式之外，還有become，get，grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它們不能單獨作謂語,必須和作表語的詞語(如形容詞, 名詞等) 連用, 所以用的時候，可要小心為是呀！如：It smells delicious.(它聞起來味道很美)。delicious 是形容詞，不是副詞。

 

　　情態動詞：首先要記住情態動詞後必跟動詞原形。must和need幾乎是每年的必考題，這裡我們重點講一下。

 

　　must的意思是"應當，必須"，側重於說話者的主觀看法，沒有時態變化，其否定式是mustn't，在"Must I(we) ...."的疑問句中，須注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如：Must I go?(我一定要走嗎?)　No,you needn't.(不，不必。)

 

　　need意為"需要"。既可作實義動詞，又可作情態動詞，因此在用法上需要注意。作實義動詞時，need後跟名詞，動名詞，或不定式。如：I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情態動詞時，後跟動詞原形。如：You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙，明天就不必來了。)

 

　　實意動詞： 實意動詞可謂家族興旺，人員眾多。我們跑(run)，我們跳(jump)，我們笑(laugh)，這些都得用實意動詞來表達。我們一起來看一看一些特殊的詞吧。它們在接動名詞和不定式時意義有所不同。

 

　　stop：這個詞讓好多同學大傷了一番腦筋，到底什麼時候加to do，什麼時候加

 

　　doing 呢?兩者意義又有什麼不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面兩個句子。

 

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped to read.

 

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped talking.

 

　　第一句的意思是"當老師進來時，他們停下來開始讀書"。而第二句的意思是 "老師進來時，他們停止了說話"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去幹另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中斷正在做的某事"。現在明白了嗎?

 

　　forget，remember，regret 這三個詞用法基本相同，只要記住+doing 表示"事情已經做過"，+to do表示"事情還未做"就可以了。forget to do 忘記要去做某事。(未做)　forget doing 忘記做過某事。(已做) 如：The light is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 燈還在亮著，他忘記關了。 ( 沒有做關燈的動作)　　　He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經關了燈了。( 已做過關燈的動作)

 

　　感官動詞：see,watch, notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示動作的完整性，真實性 +doing 表示動作的連續性，進行性。如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見他在花園裡幹活了。(強調"我看見了"這個事實) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強調"我見他正幹活"這個動作）昨天我見他正在花園裡幹活。

 

　　又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時間了，好學的你準備好了嗎?

 

　　練習：

 

　　1. Wang Lin _______some help. Can you help him?

 

　　A. needs

 

　　B. want

 

　　C. need to

 

　　D. ask

 

　　2. All of us enjoy _______football very much.

 

　　A. play

 

　　B. playing

 

　　C. played

 

　　D. to play

 

　　3. ---- The light in the classroom is still on.

 

　　---- Oh，I forgot___.

 

　　A. turning it off

 

　　B. turn it off

 

　　C. to turn it off

 

　　D. having turned it off

 

　　4. I regret ___ the window.

 

　　A. to do

 

　　B. to be doing

 

　　C. to have done

 

　　D. having broken

 

　　5. His grandparents saw her ___ up from childhood.

 

　　A. grow

 

　　B. grew

 

　　C. was growing

 

　　D. to grow

 

　　6. ---What's this in English?

 

　　---Sorry, I can't _____it in English.

 

　　A. tell

 

　　B. say

 

　　C. speak

 

　　D. talk

 

　　7. --- _____I finish my homwork today?

 

　　---No, you needn't.

 

　　A. Can

 

　　B. May

 

　　C. Must

 

　　D. Need

 

　　8. In Spring , the days ______longer and longer, the trees _______green.

 

　　A. get, turn

 

　　B. gets, turns

 

　　C. got, turned

 

　　D. have got, have turned

 

　　9. When the traffic lights are red, you ________stop.

 

　　A. can

 

　　B. must

 

　　C. won't

 

　　D. needn't

 

　　10. When the teacher came into the classroom, I ________to my deskmate.

 

　　A. stopped to talk

 

　　B. stopped talking

 

　　C. stop to talk

 

　　D. stop talking

 

　　實戰：

 

　　1. ---Whose calculator is it?

 

　　--- It's ______.

 

　　A. she's

 

　　B. hers

 

　　C. her

 

　　D. she

 

　　2. _______December 23, Mr and Mrs Hopkens flew to London for a trip.

 

　　A. on

 

　　B. in

 

　　C. at

 

　　D. for

 

　　3. The Science Museum is located ________the centre of the town.

 

　　A. with

 

　　B. near

 

　　C. beside

 

　　D. in

 

　　4. Do you think maths is ________important than English?

 

　　A. very

 

　　B. as

 

　　C. more

 

　　D. quite

 

　　5. The captain has a _______daughter.

 

　　A. five-years-old

 

　　B. five years old

 

　　C. five year old

 

　　D. five -year-old

 

　　6. Two fishermen saw ______in the sky while they were fishing by a river.

 

　　A. something strange

 

　　B. anything strange

 

　　C. strange something

 

　　D. strange anything

 

　　7. They got a Christmas tree and it was ______ours.

 

　　A. so tall as

 

　　B. so taller as

 

　　C. as tall as

 

　　D. as taller as

 

　　8. Who's ______woman over there?

 

　　A. /

 

　　B. the

 

　　C. a

 

　　D. an

 

　　9. A: _______have the scientists been there?B. For about two years.

 

　　A. How many times

 

　　B. How

 

　　C. What time

 

　　D. How long

 

　　10. _______that pair of new ________expensive?

 

　　A. Is, shoe

 

　　B. Are, shoe

 

　　C. Is, shoes

 

　　D. Are, shoes

 

　　11. Dick jumped into a large hole ________he saw the bear.

 

　　A. while

 

　　B. as soon as

 

　　C. until

 

　　D. if

 

　　12. _______cold weather it is at the South Pole!

 

　　A. What

 

　　B. What an

 

　　C. How

 

　　D. What a

 

　　13. I don't know ________last night.

 

　　A. why they didn't go to the movies

 

　　B. when they didn't go to the movies

 

　　C. why didn't they go to the movies

 

　　D. when didn't they go to the movies

 

　　14. There aren't many oranges here, but you can take _______if you want to.

 

　　A. few

 

　　B. a few

 

　　C. a little

 

　　D. little

 

　　15. Tom failed in the exam. He looked ________.

 

　　A. happy

 

　　B. sadly

 

　　C. upset

 

　　D. lovely

 

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