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Sale of ivory products in China decline ahead of ban
禁貿後國內象牙市場呈萎縮趨勢
China’s ivory market is shrinking with the decline in the number of ivory items for sale, ahead of the government’s ban on ivory trade, animal rights organizations said.
動物權益組織最新研究報告表示，在中國政府禁止象牙貿易之前，隨著象牙製品數量減少，象牙市場也日益萎縮。
Two wildlife conservation organizations, World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and TRAFFIC, found that the number of ivory items — in both legal and illegal ivory markets in China—has declined alongside falling ivory prices, according to a joint report sent to the Global Times on Sunday.
周日，環球時報聯合報告表明，世界野生動物基金會和野生動植物貿易調查委員會發現，在中國合法和非法象牙市場的象牙製品數量已隨象牙價格的下降而下降。
After a survey of 503 physical outlets in 22 cities where ivory was being sold illegally, researchers from these organizations found that, on average, only five ivory items were for sale per outlet. This marks the lowest number of publicly displayed ivory since 2007, compared with nine items per shop in 2016 and 18 items per shop in 2007, the report said. "The decline in the number of ivory items for sale is a result of China’s efforts to ban the ivory trade," Sun Quanhui, a senior scientific adviser at the international NGO World Animal Protection, told the Global Times.
來自這些組織的研究人員發現，在對22個象牙非法銷售的城市的503個實體店進行了調查之後，平均來說，每個出口商店只有5件象牙製品。該報告稱，這是2007年以來公開象牙的最低數量，相比之下，2016年每個商店有9件商品，而2007年每個商店有18件商品。國際非政府組織世界動物保護組織的高級科學顧問孫權輝對環球時報說:「象牙製品數量的減少是中國全力禁止象牙貿易的結果。」
China will ban all commercial ivory processing and trade by the end of 2017, the State Council, China’s cabinet, announced on December 30, 2016. The announcement has been highly hailed by the international community, and is a sign of the Chinese government’s intent to participate in global ecological governance.
中國國務院於2016年12月30日宣布，到2017年底，中國將禁止所有的商業象牙加工和貿易。這一聲明得到了國際社會的高度讚揚，表明了中國政府有意參與全球生態治理。
The State Forestry Administration (SFA) issued a notice in March, ordering 67 out of 172 ivory stores accredited by the SFA to close their shops before March 31, and the remaining 105 to close before December 31.
今年3月，國家林業局(SFA)發布了一份通知，要求SFA授權的172家象牙店中的67家在3月31日之前關閉它們的店鋪，其餘105家在12月31日前關閉。
Researchers from the two organizations surveyed 50 stores that were scheduled to be shut down in the first round of closures, and found that just one store was still selling ivory, albeit surreptitiously.
這兩家機構的研究人員調查了在第一輪中被關閉的50家門店，僅有一家商店仍在私下銷售象牙製品。
But among the stores that are slated to be closed by December 31, some 28 percent were found to be in violation, including failure to displace identification cards corresponding to displayed ivory items not operating in approved locations, and so forth, the report said.
但報告稱，在截至12月31日的門店中，約有28%的門店被發現違規，其中包括未在批准地點運營和沒能做到一物一證等。
The researchers found that compared to 2012, the average price of ivory chopsticks in the illegal market had declined by 57%. Data from law enforcement authorities also shows that the price of raw ivory has been falling sharply in recent years: in Beijing. It declined by 20-25% between 2015 and 2016, and by 50% in 2017.
研究人員發現，與2012年相比，非法市場象牙筷子的平均價格已經下降了57%。來自執法部門的數據也顯示，近年來，象牙在北京的價格一直在急劇下降。2015年至2016年間，這一比例下降了20-25%，2017年下降了50%。
"Once implemented, the blanket ban on commercial ivory trade should facilitate law enforcement efforts and raise consumer awareness about the illegality of the trade," said Zhou Fei, head of TRAFFIC’s China Office and the Wildlife Trade Programme of the WWF China.
野生動植物貿易調查委員會會長、世界野生動物基金會中國野生動物貿易項目負責人周非說：「一旦實施禁令，對商業象牙貿易的全面禁令不僅可以促進有效執法，還會提高消費者對貿易非法行為的認知。」
After the announcement of the ban, the illegal trade of ivory has been moving to second-tier cities where there’s weaker enforcement and people have low awareness about animal protection, Sun said. Most illegal ivory products are concentrated in second-tier cities, the report said. The researchers found 1,742 illegal ivory products in 14 second-tier cities, accounting for 76 percent of the total illegal ivory products they surveyed.
孫權輝說，在禁令後，非法象牙貿易已經轉移到二線城市，那裡的執法力度較弱，人們對動物保護的意識也很低。報告稱，大多數非法象牙製品的確集中在二線城市。研究人員在14個二線城市發現了1742個非法象牙製品，佔調查非法象牙製品的76%。
Sun suggested that the forestry police should join hands with the local industry and commerce departments to enhance their surveillance of local antique markets.
孫權輝建議，林業警方應與當地工商部門聯手，加強對當地古玩市場的監管。
He also noted that relevant departments should develop border cooperation with neighboring countries, especially after the ivory trade is completely banned.
他還指出，有關部門應加強與周邊國家的邊境合作，特別是在象牙貿易完全被禁之後。
The WWF and TRAFFIC said they found that some ivory were smuggled directly into China from Africa, and some transited via Vietnam to South China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Sun also urged the government to introduce a detailed regulation on dealing with inventories of these ivory products after China bans the trading of these products at the end of this year.
世界自然基金會和野生動植物貿易調查委員會表示，他們發現一些象牙是從非洲直接走私到中國的，一些象牙經由越南轉移到中國南部的廣西壯族自治區。孫權輝還敦促中國政府在今年年底禁止這些產品的交易後，對這些象牙製品的庫存進行詳細的監管。