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英語四級閱讀技巧推理判斷題
命題規律:
1、綜合性推論和判斷試題常會圍繞文章出題
要求將篇首、篇尾、段落中主題句,概括歸納並從中推斷出全文主題。
2、合性推論和判斷題還可圍繞文章若干段落進行,要求推論和判斷出段落間的關係。
3、支持主題思想的細節部分常被考。
這些細節部分表現形式多樣,可以是列舉、例證、實驗人物論斷等,要求考生對這部分內容進行判斷推理。
4、文章或段落開頭處,尤其是文章結尾總結處常考
5、語義轉折處常考
答題技巧 :
1、如果是對某段內容進行推斷,那麼只需看題幹要求的段落即可。
例題
CET4 1996年6月第1篇
Exchange a glance with someone,then look away.Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer,and you have made a different statement.Hold it for 3 seconds,and the meaning has changed again.
Q:It can be inferred from the first paragraph that____.
[A]every glance has its significance
[B]staring at a person is an expression of interest
[C]a gaze longer than 3second is unacceptable
[D]a glance conveys more meaning than words
正確答案是 [A]
根據題幹要求,我們只在第一段中尋找答案。從上述所引片段可推斷出一瞥意義各不相同,這與[A)項意義吻合。
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2、 選項措詞過於絕對化的,一般不是答案項。
例題
I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years.I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time,and she remembers that when she first joined the community,there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus.Now ,all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity.
Q:It can be inferred form the Passage that____.
[A]meritocracy can never be realized without diversity
[B]American political circles will not accept diversity
[C]it is unlikely that diversity will occur in the U.S media
[D]minorities can only enter the fields where no debate is heard about diversity
正確答案是 [A]
文中通過一位美國黑人教授之口,傳達出多樣性的好處的信息,因此可以推斷出是多樣化使不拘一格使用人才成為可能,與A)項意義吻合。若單從選項本身判斷, B)和C)句意過於絕對,因此排除,這樣使判斷範圍縮小,有利於選擇答案。
3、合乎常理,意義深刻,或符合一般常識的選項一般是答案項,而照抄原文或對文中作字面解釋的則不是答案。
CET4 1998年1月第2篇
For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper:what each person does is to put together, out of the pages of that day's paper, his own' s「…白痴廣告…」tion and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspaper efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.
Q:It can be concluded from the passage that the newspaper readers____.
[A]apply reading techniques skillfully
[B]jump from one newspaper to another
[C]appreciate the variety of newspaper
[D]usually read a newspaper's「…白痴廣告…」tively
正確答案是 [D]
比較四個選項發現[A)項似乎照抄原文,意思膚淺,而[D]項則符合人們看報時的普遍經驗。因此將選項與常識聯繫後,很快就會找到正確答案。
4、弄清主題意思。在處理與全文主旨有關的題時,或處理與文章首尾有關的推論題時,一定要放慢速度將各段,尤其是全文首尾句意讀懂,再快速閱讀其他部分。
5、 邏輯推理題幹擾項特點:(1)在文章事實或上下文(句)邏輯基礎上進行推理而得出觀點(2)雖然可以以文章提供的事實或內在邏輯為基礎進行推理,但推理過頭,概括過度。
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