2017年工作總體部署
The Chinese Government Agenda 2017
（本刊根據李克強總理3月5日在十二屆全國人大五次會議上所做《政府工作報告》整理）The Government Work Report Premier Li Keqiang delivered at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People's Congress on March 5 explains the goals and priorities of the government in 2017. An excerpt of the document follows:
工作目標：Goals今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%左右，在實際工作中爭取更好結果；居民消費價格漲幅3%左右；城鎮新增就業1100萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內；進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡；居民收入和經濟增長基本同步；單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要汙染物排放量繼續下降。
Key projected targets for development:
• GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice
• CPI increase kept at around 3 percent
• Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent
• A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic balance in international payments
• Increase in personal income basically in step with economic growth
• A reduction of at least 3.4 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants
繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策。赤字率擬按3%安排，財政赤字2.38萬億元，比去年增加2000億元。其中，中央財政赤字1.55萬億元，地方財政赤字8300億元。廣義貨幣M2和社會融資規模餘額預期增長均為12%左右。
The government will be continuing to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. This year's deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected to be 3 percent, with the fiscal deficit set at 2.38 trillion yuan ($345 billion), representing a year-on-year increase of 200 billion yuan ($29 billion). The projected deficit of the Central Government is 1.55 trillion yuan ($225 billion), and the projected deficit of local governments is 830 billion yuan ($120 billion). The M2 money supply and aggregate financing are forecasted to grow by around 12 percent in 2017.
工作要求：Guidelines做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下幾點：The government intends to:
一是貫徹穩中求進工作總基調，保持戰略定力。• Make progress while maintaining stable performance and keep its strategic focus.二是堅持以推進供給側結構性改革為主線。• Focus on supply-side structural reform.三是適度擴大總需求並提高有效性。• Expand aggregate demand as appropriate and improve its efficacy.四是依靠創新推動新舊動能轉換和結構優化升級。• Rely on innovation to replace old growth drivers with new ones and speed up structural improvement and upgrading.五是著力解決人民群眾普遍關心的突出問題。• Solve prominent problems of public concern.重點工作任務：Priorities
The government is aiming to:
（一）用改革的辦法深入推進「三去一降一補」。1. Push ahead with the five priority tasks through reform.主要包括：
紮實有效去產能。今年要再壓減鋼鐵產能5000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產能1.5億噸以上。同時，要淘汰、停建、緩建煤電產能5000萬千瓦以上；
Solid and effective steps will be taken to cut overcapacity. This year, the government will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production facilities. It will also suspend, postpone construction of, or eliminate at least 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation capacity.
因城施策去庫存。支持居民自住和進城人員購房需求。堅持住房的居住屬性；
Targeted policies will be made to cut excess urban real estate inventory. The government will support both local and new residents in buying homes for personal use. It should be made clear that housing is for people to live in instead of reap investment returns.
積極穩妥去槓桿。要在控制總槓桿率的前提下，把降低企業槓桿率作為重中之重；
Deleveraging should be nurtured in an active and prudent way. While working to control overall leverage, the leverage of enterprises should be brought down.
多措並舉降成本。取消或停徵中央涉企行政事業性收費35項，收費項目再減少一半以上，保留的項目要儘可能降低收費標準。減少政府定價的涉企經營性收費，繼續適當降低「五險一金」有關繳費比例；
Multiple measures will be undertaken to cut costs. The government will abolish or suspend 35 administrative charges paid by enterprises to the Central Government, which represents more than a 50-percent reduction in the number. It then plans to reduce as far as possible those that still apply. Government-set operating fees for businesses will be reduced, and the government will continue to lower as appropriate the share paid by enterprises for contributions to social security.
精準加力補短板。今年再減少農村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷340萬人。中央財政專項扶貧資金增長30%以上。
Lastly, this involves taking targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness. This year the government will further reduce the number of rural residents living in poverty by over 10 million, including 3.4 million to be relocated from inhospitable areas. Central Government funding for poverty alleviation will be increased by over 30 percent.
（二）深化重要領域和關鍵環節改革。2. Deepen reform in major sectors and key links主要包括：
持續推進政府職能轉變。全面實行清單管理制度，制定國務院部門權力和責任清單，擴大市場準入負面清單試點；
The government will continue to develop and transform its basic functions. The government will fully implement the list-based management system, formulate lists of powers and responsibilities of the departments under the State Council, and expand the piloting of granting market access based on a negative list.
繼續推進財稅體制改革。簡化增值稅稅率結構，今年由四檔稅率簡併至三檔，深入推進政府預決算公開；
Fiscal and tax systems will be continually reformed. The government will simplify the structure of value-added tax rates, and turn the four tax brackets into three. It will step up efforts to make government budgets and final accounts more transparent.
抓好金融體制改革。促進金融機構突出主業、下沉重心，增強服務實體經濟能力，防止脫實向虛；
Another focus is advancing reforms in the financial sector. The government will prompt financial institutions to focus on their main business and make their services accessible to small and micro businesses, strengthen their ability to serve the wider economy, and stop them being distracted from their intended purpose.
加快推進國企國資改革。今年要基本完成公司制改革。深化混合所有制改革，在電力、石油、天然氣、鐵路、民航、電信、軍工等領域邁出實質性步伐；
The government will speed up reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital. It will basically complete the introduction of corporate systems into SOEs. It will deepen reform to establish mixed ownership systems, and make substantive progress in industries such as electric power, petroleum, natural gas, railways, civil aviation, telecommunications, and defense.
更好激發非公有制經濟活力。深入落實支持非公有制經濟發展的政策措施。加快構建新型政商關係。鼓勵非公有制企業參與國有企業改革；
The energization of the non-public sector is another focus. The government will thoroughly implement the policies and measures for supporting the development of the non-public sector. It intends to quickly develop a new relationship between government and businesses. It will encourage non-public enterprises to participate in SOE reforms.
加強產權保護制度建設。依法保障各種所有制經濟組織和公民財產權，對於侵害企業產權的行為，必須嚴肅查處、有錯必糾；
The property rights protection system will be improved. The government will protect in accordance with law the property rights of economic entities under all forms of ownership and the property rights of citizens. Activities that infringe on the property rights of businesses must be investigated and dealt with severely.
大力推進社會體制改革。深化收入分配製度配套改革。穩步推動養老保險制度改革，劃轉部分國有資本充實社保基金。深化醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革。深入推進教育、文化和事業單位等改革；
It will progress in its reform of the social system. The government will deepen reforms in support of change in the income distribution system. It will take steady steps to advance reform of the old-age insurance system, and allocate a portion of state capital to enlarge social security funds. It will deepen the coordinated reform of medical services, health insurance, and the medicine industry. It will continue reforms in education, the cultural sector, and public institutions to actualize society's vast potential for growth.
深化生態文明體制改革。完善主體功能區制度和生態補償機制，建立資源環境監測預警機制，開展健全國家自然資源資產管理體制試點，出臺國家公園體制總體方案。
The government aims to develop institutional reform, thereby building a sound ecological environment. The government will improve the functional zoning system and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts; it will put in place resource and environment monitoring and early-warning mechanisms. Also, it will launch trials to improve the state natural resource assets management system. It will introduce an overall plan for establishing a national parks system.
（三）進一步釋放國內需求潛力。3. Do more to unleash the potential of domestic demand主要包括：
促進消費穩定增長。一要加快發展服務消費。二要增加高品質產品消費。三要整頓和規範市場秩序；
The government is intent on promoting a steady increase in consumer spending. Firstly, the government needs to speed up the development of service consumption. Secondly, it needs to boost consumption of quality products. Thirdly, it needs to ensure order in the market.
積極擴大有效投資。今年要完成鐵路建設投資8000億元、公路水運投資1.8萬億元，再開工15項重大水利工程，繼續加強軌道交通、民用航空、電信基礎設施等重大項目建設。中央預算內投資安排5076億元；
Expanding effective investment is another priority. The government will invest 800 billion yuan ($116 billion) in railway construction and 1.8 trillion yuan ($261 billion) in highway and waterway projects. Construction on another 15 major water conservancy projects will begin, and work will be quickly performed on major rail transport, civil aviation, and telecommunications infrastructure projects. A total of 507.6 billion yuan ($73.6 billion) of investment has been included in the Central Government budget this year.
優化區域發展格局。推動國家級新區、開發區、產業園區等創新發展。支持資源枯竭、生態嚴重退化等地區經濟轉型發展。優化空域資源配置。推進海洋經濟示範區建設；
The planning for regional development will be improved. The government will boost the development of national-level new areas, development zones, and industrial parks through innovation. It will support the economic transformation and development of areas hurt by resource depletion and severe ecological degradation. Airspace resources will be better allocated. It will speed up the development of maritime economy demonstration zones.
紮實推進新型城鎮化。今年實現進城落戶1300萬人以上。
The government will take solid steps to pursue a new type of urbanization. At least 13 million new urban residents will be registered as permanent urban residents.
（四）以創新引領實體經濟轉型升級。4. Transform and upgrade the real economy through innovation主要包括：
提升科技創新能力；The government will strengthen the capacity for making technological innovations.加快培育壯大新興產業。年內全部取消手機國內長途和漫遊費；
It will accelerate the development of emerging industries. Mobile rates for domestic roaming and long-distance calls will be cancelled.
大力改造提升傳統產業。深入實施《中國製造2025》；
The government will endeavor to transform and upgrade traditional industries. It will intensify efforts to implement the Made in China 2025 initiative.
持續推進大眾創業、萬眾創新；It will continue to encourage people to start businesses and make innovations.全面提升質量水平。It will take comprehensive steps to improve product quality.（五）促進農業穩定發展和農民持續增收。5. Promote steady development of agriculture and continued increases in rural incomes主要包括：
推進農業結構調整。擴大優質水稻、小麥生產，適度調減玉米種植面積；
Structural adjustment in agriculture will be further developed. The government will increase the supply of quality rice and wheat, and make appropriate reductions to the amount of land devoted to growing corn. It will expand trials to replace grain crop with feed crop cultivation to cover over 667,000 hectares.
加強現代農業建設。新增高效節水灌溉面積2000萬畝。在13個糧食主產省選擇部分縣市，對適度規模經營農戶實施大災保險；
Boosting the development of modern agriculture is another priority. The government will add 1.33 million hectares of farmland under highly water-efficient irrigation. In selected counties and county-level cities in 13 major grain-producing provinces, it will provide catastrophe insurance for farmers engaging in appropriately scaled farming operations.
深化農村改革。穩步推進農村集體產權制度改革。鼓勵農民工返鄉創業等；
Rural reforms will continue to be improved. The government will take steady steps to reform the rural collective property rights system. It will support migrant workers in starting businesses in their hometowns and villages.
加強農村公共設施建設。新建改建農村公路20萬公裡。完成3萬個行政村通光纖。
The government will step up the development of public facilities in rural areas. A total of 200,000 km of roads will be upgraded or built in rural areas. Fiber-optic broadband will be extended to 30,000 administrative villages to increase the availability of the Internet.
（六）積極主動擴大對外開放。6. Actively expand China's role on the global stage主要包括：
紮實推進「一帶一路」建設。高質量辦好「一帶一路」國際合作高峰論壇；
The government will make solid efforts to pursue the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative. It will see that in holding the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation it offers an effective meeting.
促進外貿繼續回穩向好；It will ensure that foreign trade continues to pick up and register steady growth.大力優化外商投資環境；The government is making big moves to improve the environment for foreign investors.推進國際貿易和投資自由化便利化。It will promote the liberalization and facilitation of international trade and investment.（七）加大生態環境保護治理力度。7. Effectively strengthen environmental protection主要包括：
堅決打好藍天保衛戰。今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要分別下降3%，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度明顯下降；
The government will make China's skies blue again. It will see that sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are both cut by 3 percent and that PM2.5 -- particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less -- density in key areas falls markedly.
強化水、土壤汙染防治。今年化學需氧量、氨氮排放量要分別下降2%；
The government will strengthen the prevention and control of water and soil pollution. It intends for chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions to both drop by 2 percent.
推進生態保護和建設。完成退耕還林還草1200萬畝以上。
The government will move forward with ecological conservation and improvement. More than 800,000 hectares of marginal farmland will be turned into forests or grassland.
（八）推進以保障和改善民生為重點的社會建設。8. Promote social development to ensure and improve the wellbeing of the people主要包括：
大力促進就業創業；The government strives to boost employment and business startups.辦好公平優質教育。制定實施《中國教育現代化2030》；
It will work to ensure that the people have access to equitable and quality education. The Modernizing Chinese Education 2030 initiative will be developed and launched.
推進健康中國建設。城鄉居民醫保財政補助由每人每年420元提高到450元，分級診療試點和家庭籤約服務擴大到85%以上地市；
Continued progress in building a Healthy China is another key priority. The government will increase subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and nonworking urban residents from 420 ($61) to 450 yuan ($65) per person per annum. It plans to extend trials to use a tiered diagnosis and treatment model and a contracted family doctor service system to cover over 85 percent of prefectural-level cities in China.
織密扎牢民生保障網；It will weave a strong safety net to ensure people's wellbeing.發展文化事業和文化產業；It will develop cultural programs and industries.推動社會治理創新；It will create new forms of social governance.抓好安全生產。It will promote workplace safety.（九）全面加強政府自身建設。9. Strengthen the all-around improvement of government主要包括：
堅持依法全面履職；The government will continue to work to see that government functions are fully carried out in accordance with law. 始終保持廉潔本色；It will always maintain flawless ethical conduct and moral integrity.勤勉盡責幹事創業。It will work with a strong work ethic, sense of responsibility, and enterprising spirit.其他工作Other issues
The government also mentioned its intentions of:依法管理宗教事務，促進宗教關係和諧。• Managing religious affairs in accordance with law, and promoting harmonious relations between religions.認真落實僑務政策。• Implementing government policies related to overseas Chinese nationals.持續深化國防和軍隊改革。• Continuing to deepen reforms in national defense and the armed forces.繼續全面準確貫徹「一國兩制」、「港人治港」、「澳人治澳」、高度自治的方針，確保「一國兩制」在香港、澳門實踐不動搖、不走樣、不變形。• Continuing to implement, both to the letter and in spirit, the principle of "one country, two systems," under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong, the people of Macao govern Macao, and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy. The government will ensure that the principle of "one country, two systems" is steadfastly applied in Hong Kong and Macao without being bent or distorted.深入貫徹對臺工作大政方針，堅持一個中國原則，維護「九二共識」共同政治基礎，維護國家主權和領土完整，維護兩岸關係和平發展和臺海和平穩定。• Implementing the policies on work related to Taiwan, upholding the one-China principle, and safeguarding the 1992 Consensus as the common political foundation. The government will protect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, maintain the peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations, and safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits.堅定不移走和平發展道路。• Keeping to the path of peaceful development.(A JOINT TRANSLATION PROJECT BY BEIJING REVIEW & KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON)