以下譯文是機器翻譯，僅供參考。
Crowds Of Indian Farmers Gather For Days To Protest New Agriculture Laws
成群結隊的印度農民聚集在一起抗議新的農業法
Tens of thousands of farmers manned barricades and blocked highways Friday around India's capital of New Delhi for a ninth straight day, protesting new agricultural laws they fear may hurt their already-meager profits.
上周五，印度首都新德裡，數萬農民連續第九天在路障上設置路障，封鎖高速公路，抗議新的農業法律，他們擔心這可能會損害他們本已微薄的利潤。
Passed in September, three new laws aim to deregulate Indian agriculture, by encouraging farmers to sell directly to companies. The government has long been a middle man, guaranteeing minimum prices for certain crops. The laws say farmers will still have price assurances, but the language is vague, and farmers are nervous about losing government support.
今年9月通過的三項新法律旨在解除對印度農業的管制，鼓勵農民直接向公司出售產品。政府長期以來一直是一個中間人，保證某些作物的最低價格。法律規定，農民仍將有價格保證，但措辭模糊，農民擔心失去政府支持。
"We're worried no one will buy our produce, and that we'll go into debt," says Harinder Singh, general-secretary of a Punjabi farmers union, who spoke to NPR by phone from the truck where he's been sleeping in a protest camp. "We want the government to repeal these laws."
「我們擔心沒有人會購買我們的農產品，我們會負債纍纍，」旁遮普省一個農民聯盟的秘書長Harinder Singh說，他在一個抗議營地睡覺的卡車上接受了NPR的電話採訪我們希望政府廢除這些法律。」
Talks between union representatives and government officials broke down Thursday night, and more talks are scheduled for Saturday.
工會代表和政府官員之間的談判星期四晚上破裂，更多的會談定於周六舉行。
Meanwhile, the protests have spread to other Indian cities, including some in the state of Punjab, India's breadbasket, and abroad. Followers of the Sikh faith, founded in Punjab, joined a car caravan Wednesday near the Indian Consulate in San Francisco. On Friday, India's foreign ministry summoned Canadian diplomats after Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau voiced solidarity with the protests.
與此同時，抗議活動已經蔓延到印度其他城市，包括印度糧倉旁遮普州和國外的一些城市。星期三，在印度駐舊金山領事館附近，建立在旁遮普的錫克教徒加入了一輛汽車車隊。上周五，在加拿大總理特魯多聲援抗議活動後，印度外交部召見了加拿大外交官。
More than half of Indians, in a country of nearly 1.4 billion, eke out a living on farms, according to Indian census data.
根據印度人口普查數據，在這個擁有近14億人口的國家，超過一半的印度人靠農場維持生計。
"But they are not getting due respect, nor the political and economic space they deserve," says Medha Patkar, a social activist who joined the farmer protests in Delhi and Indore.
「但是他們沒有得到應有的尊重，也沒有得到應有的政治和經濟空間，」參加德裡和印多爾農民抗議活動的社會活動家Medha Patkar說。
Small-scale farmers have helped India over the decades become self-sufficient in food. But Patkar accuses the Indian government of eroding a long, proud agrarian tradition that Mahatma Gandhi championed.
幾十年來，小規模農民幫助印度實現了糧食自給自足。但帕特卡爾指責印度政府侵蝕了聖雄甘地所倡導的一個長期而引以為傲的農業傳統。
"This sector is not just neglected, but deliberately ignored and underestimated because of the present paradigm of development, which is not just market-oriented but consumerism-based," she says. "We want production by the masses – as Gandhi said — not mass production."
她說：「這一部門不僅被忽視，而且因為目前的發展模式而被故意忽視和低估，這種模式不僅以市場為導向，而且以消費主義為基礎。」我們要的是大眾生產——正如甘地所說——而不是大規模生產。」
Prime Minister Narendra Modi makes no secret of wanting to modernize and industrialize India. It's a promise he was elected on – though critics say he has failed to deliver.
總理莫迪毫不掩飾地希望印度實現現代化和工業化。這是他當選的承諾——儘管批評者說他沒有兌現。
In a radio address last weekend, Modi said his new agricultural laws "unshackle farmers" by giving them new opportunities.
在上周末的一次廣播講話中，莫迪說他的新農業法給了農民新的機會，從而「解放了農民」。
Decades ago, India was a big recipient of international food aid. But the use of pesticides and machines led to a green revolution starting in the 1960s, which allowed India to become self-sufficient in food. Nowadays it grows surpluses of wheat and rice, for export.
幾十年前，印度是國際糧食援助的大受援國。但是殺蟲劑和機器的使用導致了20世紀60年代開始的一場綠色革命，這場革命使印度的糧食自給自足。現在它種植了剩餘的小麥和大米，用於出口。
But it also manages to do that with fewer workers, compared with back in Gandhi's day.
但與甘地時代相比，它也設法用更少的工人做到這一點。
"The heart of the matter is that India has too many farmers," says Sadanand Dhume, a fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. "So what you have is a government that is trying to improve the lives of those farmers by giving them more choices. But you also [have] a section of farmers who are gripped by a very understandable anxiety about what these changes may end up meaning for their lives."
「問題的核心是印度有太多的農民，」美國企業研究所的一位研究員SadanandDhume說所以你現在的政府正試圖通過給農民更多的選擇來改善他們的生活。但你們也有一部分農民對這些變化最終對他們的生活有什麼意義感到焦慮，這是可以理解的。」
Dhume says the government rushed out these agricultural laws, without consulting farmers, and did a poor job of explaining them to those who would be most affected. It also did so in September, at a time when government-regulated wholesale markets were shut, because of the pandemic. So farmers felt particularly vulnerable. And many of them already live so close to the bone.
Dhume說，政府在沒有徵求農民意見的情況下匆忙出臺了這些農業法律，在向受影響最大的人解釋這些法律方面做得很差。它也在9月份這樣做了，當時政府監管的批發市場因為大流行而關閉。農民們感到特別脆弱。他們中的許多人已經離骨頭很近了。
On top of that, India has now entered a recession – two consecutive quarters of negative growth — for the first time since the government began publishing quarterly gross domestic product figures.
除此之外，自印度政府開始公布季度國內生產總值（gdp）數據以來，印度目前已進入經濟衰退期，連續兩個季度出現負增長。
The coronavirus has erased the robust economic growth India enjoyed for decades. So it's not the right time for the government to try to deregulate and wean farmers off state support, says Jayati Ghosh, a development economist.
冠狀病毒抹去了印度幾十年來的強勁經濟增長。因此，發展經濟學家賈亞蒂·戈什（jayatighosh）說，現在不是政府放鬆管制、讓農民擺脫國家支持的合適時機。
"Alternative occupations are not emerging. We are not industrializing rapidly enough, and we are not generating manufacturing employment. So there's nothing else for people to do," Ghosh says. "The way to diversify is not to kill off a sector, but to make another sector much more attractive and available, with income opportunities – and that hasn't happened."
「另類職業並沒有出現。我們工業化的速度不夠快，也沒有為製造業創造就業機會。所以人們沒有別的事可做了，」戈什說多元化的方法不是扼殺一個行業，而是讓另一個行業更具吸引力和可利用性，並提供收入機會，但這並沒有發生。」
Farmers are desperate, she says. But so are workers in other sectors. Unemployment had already hit a four-decade high, even before the COVID-19 outbreak.
她說，農民們絕望了。但其他行業的工人也是如此。失業率已經達到40年來的最高點，甚至在COVID-19爆發之前。
Since the country's independence from Britain in 1947, India's economy has overall been a success story. Hundreds of millions of people have emerged from poverty. The challenge now is to prevent them all from slipping backward.
自1947年印度脫離英國獨立以來，印度經濟總體上是一個成功的故事。數億人擺脫了貧困。現在的挑戰是防止它們全部倒退。
"Never mind the cold, or the water cannons and tear gas from police," an unidentified female farmer told local TV this week as protests raged around her in Delhi.
本周，一位身份不明的女農民在德裡的抗議活動中對當地電視臺說：「別管寒冷，也別管警察的高壓水槍和催淚瓦斯。」。
"We'll stay here all winter, until we get help."
「我們將在這裡呆一個冬天，直到我們得到幫助。」