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How you doing, guys? You all right? This is Elliot from ETJ English and what I'm going to be talking to you about today are some minimal pairs.
你們好嗎，夥計們？大家好嗎？我是來自 ETJ English 頻道的埃利奧特，今天我要講的是一小組音標。
So, we've got two different sounds that we're going to talk about today. And these will really help you with your confidence in pronunciation with British accent and the way you sound when you speak.
我們今天要講的是兩種不同的發音。這些有助於你對你的英式發音以及你的口音更加自信。
Now, I've heard a lot of different ways of these sounds being made and it's these two sounds that people get very very confused with. So, let me go straight into the lesson.
我聽過很多不同的發音方式，人們會把這兩種發音搞混。我們直接進入課堂吧。
Let's start learning some pronunciation and hopefully, hopefully, I can fix your problems. Now, remember, with pronunciation, everybody has a different accent; everybody sounds different, okay?
讓我們開始學習一些發音，希望我能糾正你的問題。記住，對於發音，每個人都有不同的口音；每個人聽起來都不一樣。
But with these sounds, most of my students seem to have a problem with these two particular sounds and they do get said wrong. So, if you already know how to do it, that's great; if you don't, then this video is for you.
對於這兩個發音，我的大多數學生似乎都對這兩個特殊的發音有問題，而且他們都會發錯音。如果你已經知道它們如何發音，那就太好了；如果你不知道，那麼這段視頻就是為你準備的。
So, we're going to compare the /i/ and the /i/ sound. So, we're going to go straight into this.
那麼，我們要比較/i/和/i/音。我們馬上開始吧。
Now first of all, I want you to practice the /i/ sound. Now, notice how I am shaping my mouth.
首先，我想讓你練習/i/音。注意我的嘴型。
The mouth shape is always important with pronunciation, especially when we have two sounds which are very similar. So that /i/, you notice how I'm creating more of a smile.
嘴型對發音總是很重要的，尤其是當我們發兩個非常相似的音時。對於/i/，你注意到我有點像在微笑。
It's an unbounded sound which means we create more of a smile when we create this sound, /i/. The tongue goes kind of up, not touching the top but it's near the top of the mouth.
這是一個不閉合的音，這意味著當我們發這個音的時候，有點像微笑，/i/。舌頭稍微往上抬，接近但不觸碰到口腔頂部。
And what we do is we quickly let a sound out. It's a short vowel sound, so it's a quick, /i/, /i/. Now for example, think of words like "it", "with", "sit".
然後迅速讓聲音發出。這是一個短元音，很短促，/i/，/i/。例如，想一下單詞「it」，「with」，「sit」。
These words are very common words that you're going to need to use. So, make sure you're creating that quick /i/ sound, okay?
這些都是我們很常用的單詞。一定要迅速發出/i/音。
Smile slightly, tongue up, it's not rounded at all and our mouth is almost closed really when we make this sound, /i/? Okay, and the sound we're comparing it to is the /i/ sound, /i/, okay.
嘴型輕輕微笑，舌頭向上，在發這個音時，我們的嘴巴不是張成圓形的，而是幾乎閉合的，/i/。我們要和這個音對比的是/i/音，/i/。
Now, once again this shape is very very similar, the /i/ sound, the shape is very similar. We're creating a smile. It's a bit more of a smile this time.
那麼，發這個音的嘴型非常相似，/i/音，嘴型很像。微笑的嘴型。這次笑得更燦爛一些。
We really want to create that /i/ sound, okay. And we do exactly the same thing: the tongue goes up, /i/, /i/.
我們要發出/i/音。我們做同樣的事：舌頭向上抬，/i/，/i/。
So once again, for the /i/ sound, what happens is, so once again, for the /i/ sound, the tongue goes high. We stretch our lips out and we create more of a smile.
同樣，對於/i/音，舌頭要向上抬。我們咧開嘴唇，嘴巴張成微笑的嘴型。
Don't be afraid to smile when it comes up in words, /i/, okay. For example, if we have a word like "seat", "feet", "beach", you'll notice what's happening is I am creating a smile.
碰到發這個音的單詞的時候不要害怕像在微笑，/i/。例如，單詞「seat」，「fee」，「beach」，你會發現我好像在笑一樣。
And what you need to do when you first start making the difference between these two sounds is you really need to express and exaggerate that shape. Because that will create the muscle memory to remind you that you need to make that shape.
當你開始區分這兩個發音的時候，你需要做的是把這個嘴型誇大。因為這會產生肌肉記憶來提醒你你需要做那個形狀。
And eventually that expression will slowly go away and it becomes more normal like it is when I speak. But in the beginning, you have the really force the sounds out to distinguish the difference and remind your body how to do it.
最終，這種表情會慢慢消失，變得更正常，就像我說話時一樣。但在開始的時候，你必須要用力發出聲音來區分它們的不同，並提醒你的身體如何去做。
So, what I'd like you to do, first of all, before we start any words, is start with the basics, okay. The basics we want to do is just practice going /i/ and /i/.
我想讓你們做的是，首先，在我們開始練習任何單詞之前，先從基礎開始。基礎的事情就是練習發音，/i/，/i/。
So remember, the tongue is always high, we're creating a smile. One sound is shorter than the other.
記住，舌頭一直抬高，咧嘴微笑。一個音比另一個音短。
So, three times let's say. /i/, /i/. Do it with me. /i/, /i/; /i/, /i/.
我們練習三遍。/i/，/i/。跟我讀。/i/，/i/；/i/，/i/。
Okay, now hopefully, you have that sound right now. If you don't, rewind, try again, keep practicing until you get that shape correct, okay?
好，希望你們的發音對了。如果不對，再試試，一直練習，直到口型正確。
Then once you've done that, you can start moving on to putting it in words. These sounds are really common and they're easily mistaken.
做完這個之後，就可以繼續把它放進單詞裡練習了。這些發音非常常見，而且很容易發錯。
So, let's make sure we get them right, okay? So, we're going to be comparing some minimal pairs which are really gonna help you with comparing the two sounds in sentences and in different situations.
我們要把它們發對了。我們將比較幾組音差最小的詞，以幫助你比較句子中和不同情況下的這兩個發音的區別。
So first of all, we have difference between the words "sit" and "seat", "sit" and "seat". So, why don't we try sentence?
首先，「sit」和「seat」的發音區別，「sit」，「seat」。我們看看句子吧。
"I want to sit in the seat." "I want to sit in the seat."
「I want to sit in the seat.」「I want to sit in the seat.」
Try and get a bit faster every time. Pronunciation is all about repetition.
練習一下，每次加快速度。發音不外乎重複。
So keep repeating yourself. "I want to sit in the seat."
所以要一直重複練習。「I want to sit in the seat.」
"I want to sit in the seat." Get faster and faster.
「I want to sit in the seat.」越來越快。
And if you're not seeing any improvement, slow down again, start go back to the sounds again, okay? It takes time, pronunciation.
如果你看不到任何提高，那就慢下來，再次從音素的發音開始。發音需要時間。
Let's try the words "chip" and "cheap", "chip" and "cheap". So, what we're going to do is we're going to use a very popular British phrase.
我們練習單詞「chip」和「cheap」，「chip」和「cheap」。我們要用一個非常流行的英國短語。
When something isn't very expensive, when it doesn't cost much money, quite often we say, "That was as cheap as chips." "Cheap as chips".
當某樣東西不太貴，不花多少錢的時候，我們經常會說「That was as cheap as chips（非常廉價）」。「Cheap as chips」。
So, just try that for me. Repeat after me.
試著跟我讀。跟我讀。
Cheap as chips; cheap as chips; cheap as chips. Try and get faster.
速度得越來越快。還有「eat」和「it」。
We've got "eat" and "it". Now, these words can come together quite often in one sentence.
這些單詞經常在同一個句子裡出現。例如，我可以說：「Can I eat it（我能把它吃了嗎）?」
For example, I could say, "Can I eat it?" Can I eat it; can I eat it; can I eat it.
同時注意語調。
And think about intonation there as well. Think about how the intonation goes when we ask questions in English.
想想我們用英語提問時語調的變化。這是一個「是/否」的問題，所以我們要讀成「Can I eat it?」，上升語調。
It's a yes/no question, so we would go "Can I eat it?", up, okay? So, we're learning some intonation here as well.
我們還學了一些關於語調的知識。我對你們真好。
I'm so good to you guys. How about we try a double one?
我們試試兩組詞的怎麼樣？我們試試一個句子裡包含兩組最小音差的詞。
Let's try two minimal pairs in one sentence. Now, we know we're reaching the big time with this sound, so let's do it.
現在是這兩個音最激烈的碰撞，我們來吧。多讀幾次。
He's sitting on his seat; he's sitting on his seat; he's sitting on his seat. Try that one a few times.
當你讀準確了，你就掌握了。讓我們試試另一種方法，你只要一遍又一遍地重複它們。
When you get that right, you should be on the right track. So, let's just try another technique which is where you just repeat them over and over again.
我希望你在家裡練習這些句子，同時也要練習一遍又一遍地重複這些單詞，看看你是否有什麼進步。我們有「cheek」和「chick」。
So, what I would like you to do for some practice at home is practice these sentences, but also practice just repeating these words one after another and see whether you make any improvement. So we've got "cheek" and "chick".
「Deep」和「dip」。還有「each」和「itch」。
Cheek/chick; cheek/chick. "Deep" and "dip".
我要你做的是用你的語法，用你的詞彙，用你的想像力來造句。因為當你學習這些單詞的發音時，它也能幫助你提高你的英語水平。
Deep/dip; deep/dip. And "each" with "itch".
用這些發音和練習創造你自己的句子。真心希望這能幫到你。
Each/itch; each/itch. And what I want you to do is create some sentences use your grammar, use your vocabulary, and use your imagination to create sentences.
對於這兩個音，就像我說的，我的大多數學生都有發音問題，甚至那些說「我發這個音沒有問題」的學生，但是當他們和我在 Skype 上上課時，他們會意識到，「哦，是的，我的這個發音有問題。」然後，我們花了一些時間練習它。這非常重要。
Because it also helps you improve your English when you're learning these words with pronunciation. Create your own sentences using these sounds and practice.
如果你想在 Skype 上參加我的一些語音課程，表達課程，英式英語課程，這些課程都提供錄音和圖像和反饋，那麼歡迎你預訂我的一個 Skype 課程。你可以訂購一個試聽課。
So, I really hope this helped you These sounds, like I said, most of my students have a problem with this, and even people say, "I don't have a problem with this sound", but then when they get in a Skype lesson with me, they realize, "Oh, okay, yeah, I do have a problem with this sound."
通常會有一個等候名單，你可以預訂試聽課，然後，我們會決定一個日期，我們雙方都有空讓你開始上課。非常感謝你的觀看。
And then, we spend a while practicing it. It's really important, okay? If you would like my help on skype with some pronunciation lessons, expressions lessons, British English lessons provided with voice recordings and images and feedback, then you're welcome to book a Skype lesson with me.
You can book a trial lesson. There's usually a waiting list, so you would book the trial lesson and then, we would decide a date when we'd both be free for you to start.
Thank you very much for watching. I hope you enjoyed the video, and I will see you all very soon.
Cheers, guys. Thank you. Bye.
希望你喜歡本期視頻，我們很快再見。加油，夥伴們。謝謝，拜啦。