古詩英譯:和張僕射塞下曲·其三(唐 · 盧綸)
月黑雁飛高,單于夜遁逃。
欲將輕騎逐,大雪滿弓刀。
An Immediate Pursuit
A moonless sky menaces a darkest night.
Warning wild geese soar in a startled flight.
Preying on this given opportunity,
our beseiged enemy,
maneuvers an unsuspected retreat.
Summoned at a resolute command,
assemble in no time our cavalrymen,
lightly-armed and ready for a whirlwind hunt.
A sudden heavy snow falls.
In a blink of the eye,it builds up on their bore bows and swords.
」譯」後記:
一首「模仿」漢語古詩詞「意合」結構拋棄一切「贅詞」(介詞連詞等)表達出來的也具備「意合」形態,「摒棄」其與生俱來的「形合」結構的「英文詩」,我不知道能不能也被「形態」英語接受。
但是,偶爾為之也許不為過,尤其是用於表達這首「軍情急」的「短促」詩詞時,英漢語都必須在語態上傳遞這種「十萬火急」的語氣。
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
「遣詞造句」:
1) 「譯」詩最初「形態」
A darkest time in a moonless night,
startled wild geese in a startled flight.
It was our beseiged enemy,
stealing such an opportunity,
maneuveuring an unsuspected retreat.
An urgent order took no time to have arrive.
A light cavalery must chase in no time.
In no time and unexpected snow stoid on their carried swords and bows.
這時,只是把原句大概意思表達出來而已,需要在「修辭」角度繼續「打磨」。
2) 二稿
A darkest night with a moonless sky,
startled wild geese soared in a flight.
With結構「太語法」了,雖然語法「無比正確」,毫無「詩詞」美感,尤其在「惜詞如金」的詩詞裡,「廢詞」不能出現,更別說「太多」了。
Preying on this given opportunity,
was our beseiged enemy,
maneuvering an unsuspected retreat.
An urgent order assembled a light cavalry,
for an immediate pursuit
In no time and unexpected snow stood on their carried swords and bows.
3) urgent synonym =resolute
4) pursuit synonym = hunt
5) order synonym = command
6) threaten synonym= menace