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Hi, I'm Oli, welcome to Oxford Online English.
In this lesson, you can learn about the IELTS speaking exam part three.
大家好，我是奧利，歡迎來到牛津在線英語。
在這節課中你們可以學到與雅思口語考試第三部分有關的內容。
The IELTS speaking test has three parts.
And in this class, you'll learn in more detail about part three of the speaking exam, and how to get a better score.
雅思口語考試分為三個部分。
在這節課上，你們可以更詳細地學到口語考試第三部分以及如何提高分數的內容。
First, let's review what happens in part three of the IELTS speaking test.
The examiner will ask you some open-ended questions about a topic.
首先，我們來回顧一下雅思口語考試第三部分的情況。
考官會就一個話題問你一些無確定答案的問題。
The topic is often related to what you spoke about in part two of the exam.
For example, if your topic in part two was "Talk about a sport you enjoy playing," the topic in part three will almost certainly be about sports.
這部分的話題通常與你在考試第二部分講過的內容有關。
舉個例子，如果你在第二部分的話題是「講一講你喜歡做的運動」，那麼第三部分的話題幾乎肯定是與運動有關的。
In part three, the examiners want to see if you can express your opinions clearly.
They also want to see if you can talk about more abstract topics, not just about you and your own life.
在第三部分，考官想看看你是否能夠清楚地表達自己的觀點。
他們還想看看你能不能談論更為抽象的話題，而不僅僅是關於你和你自己的生活的話題。
Also, in part three, the examiner can respond to what you say and take the conversation in different directions.
That means it's more like a natural conversation than the other parts of the IELTS speaking exam.
還有，在第三部分，考官可以回應你所說的內容，將對話帶入不同方向。
也就是說這個部分比雅思口語考試其他部分更像一段自然的對話。
The other parts follow a script.
The questions in part three are generally quite simple.
其他部分都是按照試題來的。
第三部分的題目一般都非常簡單。
However, you need to be careful; just because the questions are simple, that doesn't mean your answers should be simple.
The questions give you an opportunity to speak.
但是你要小心，題目簡單不等於你的回答也應該簡單。
題目給了你講話的機會。
You need to use that opportunity. So how can you do that?
你要利用那個機會。那麼，怎樣才能做到這一點呢？
Well, let's take some sample questions on the topic of sports: "Do you think that children do less sport and exercise than in the past?"
Let's see how you can answer this question effectively.
我們來看看運動這個話題的一些題目範例吧：「你是否認為現在的孩子比過去運動和鍛鍊得少？」
我們來看看你們如何才能有效地回答這個問題。
Part one: support your opinions.
The worst answer in part three is a very short answer.
第一部分：支持你的觀點。
在第三部分，最糟糕的回答就是非常簡短的回答。
Don't say something like "Yes, I agree."
It's not enough just to give your opinion; you also need to support your ideas.
不要給出像「是的，我同意」這樣的回答。
只說出自己的觀點是不夠的，你還需要支持自己的想法。
How can you do this? Well, first, try to give a reason.
怎麼做呢？第一，想辦法給出一個原因。
For example: "Yes, I agree, children have more homework and are under more pressure at school, so they have less time to play sports or do something outside."
Secondly, try to add an example from your life.
比如：「是的，我同意，孩子們現在作業多了，在學校的壓力也更大，所以做運動或者在室外活動的時間就少了。」
第二，加上你自己生活中的一個例子。
For example: "Yes, I agree, children have more homework and are under more pressure at school, so they have less time to play sports or do something outside.
For example, when I was younger, I played outside with my friends every day after school.
舉個例子，「是的，我同意，孩子們現在作業多了，在學校的壓力也更大，所以做運動或者在室外活動的時間就少了。
比如我小時候每天放了學都和朋友們在外面玩。
But nowadays, I never see children playing outside."
But, you say, "what if I can't think of a reason?"
但是現如今我從沒看到孩子在外面玩。」
但是你也許會說：「萬一我想不出來原因怎麼辦？」
"What if I don't have an example?"
No problem, just add one or the other.
「萬一我沒有例子可用呢？
」沒關係，二者選一即可。
But, you say, "But what if I can't think of examples from my life or any reasons?"
No problem, just make one up!
但是你又說：「但是萬一我不管是生活中的例子還是原因都想不到呢？」
沒關係，編一個出來！
For example: "My friend Sam and his wife have an 8-year-old daughter.
She has to do around two hours of homework every day after school.
舉個例子：「我的朋友 Sam 和他的妻子有一個八歲的女兒。
每天放學後她得做兩個小時左右的作業。
Of course, this means she's too tired to go outside or do anything in the evening.
When I was eight years old, I hardly had any homework."
這顯然就意味著她已經累到沒有力氣晚上出去幹什麼了。
我八歲的時候幾乎都沒有作業。」
Good answer, right? But guess what? I don't have a friend called Sam!
不錯的回答，不是嗎？但是你猜怎麼著，我根本沒有叫 Sam 的朋友！
I just made it all up. It's a complete lie, and that doesn't matter at all.
這全都是我編出來的。從頭到尾都是謊話，但是這一點都不要緊。
The examiner doesn't care if you're telling the truth or not.
Using an imaginary friend as an example can be very useful.
考官才不管你說的是真的還是假的。用想像出來的朋友作為例子會非常有用的。
Here's another trick: "In a recent survey, researchers discovered that children 30 years ago did five hours of exercise or physical activity every week.
Now, the average is just one hour of activity a week."
還有一招：「在最近的一項調查中，研究人員發現30年前的孩子每周鍛鍊或做體育活動五個小時。現在的平均水平僅為一周活動一個小時。」
Again, there was no survey. I just made it up, I'm lying!
還是一樣，根本沒有什麼調查。都是我編出來的，我在撒謊！
And again: no one cares. You can do this, too.
再說一遍，根本沒人在乎。你們也可以這麼做的。
The examiner is not going to stop the exam and check your research on the Internet.
They don't care.
考官不會中止考試，然後上網查一查你說的調查是不是真的。
他們不在乎。
However, remember that this is only for emergencies, if you can't think of anything to say, it's difficult to think of things like this. It's always better to use real examples if you can.
但是，要謹記，只有當你實在想不到要說什麼時才能用這種方法應急，因為想出來這樣的內容挺難的。可以的話用上真實的例子總是更好一些。
Now it's your turn.
Think about the question: "Do you think that children do less sport and exercise than in the past?"
現在輪到你們了。
思考一下這個問題：「你是否認為現在的孩子比過去運動鍛鍊得更少？」
First of all, do you agree or not? Secondly, why do you agree or disagree?
第一，要說你是否同意這個觀點。第二，說出你同意或不同意的原因。
And thirdly, can you think of examples from your life, or from people you know?
Pause the video, think about it.
第三，加上你自己生活中的或認識的人的例子。
暫停一下視頻，思考一下。
Think about how you would answer this question.
Okay, part two: speculate, talk about possibilities.
想想你會如何回答這個問題。
好了，第二部分：推測，講講可能的情況。
You can also make your answers better in part three by speculating.
What's speculating? What does speculate mean?
也可以通過推測來使第三部分的回答變得更好。
什麼是推測？推測是什麼意思？
Speculating means talking about something you aren't sure about.
For example, for our sample question, if you answer: "Children definitely do less sport and exercise nowadays, but I'm not sure why that is.
推測的意思是談論你不確定的事情。
舉個例子，如果你回答我們的例題時說：「現在的孩子運動鍛鍊得確實少了，但我不是很確定是什麼原因導致的。
Maybe it's because they spend more time online, playing video games and so on."
By saying "I'm not sure why that is. Maybe it's because…", by doing this, you are speculating.
可能是因為他們上網、玩遊戲等等的時間更長了。」
通過說「我不是很確定這是什麼原因導致的。可能是因為......」，這麼做你就是在推測。
You're talking about something which you don't know about, and you're saying what could be true.
You're talking about possibilities.
你講的是你不知道的事情，是可能是真的的事情。
你講的是可能的情況。
Speculating is a really useful tool. It lets you extend your answer, it lets you use advanced language.
推測是一個非常有用的工具。它能讓你延展自己的回答，能讓你使用高級語言。
It also lets you talk about something you don't know about.
Many students complain that they don't know what to say in the IELTS speaking test, that they don't have ideas.
還能讓你談論自己不知道的事情。
很多學生抱怨說他們不知道在雅思口語考試中該說什麼，他們沒有可說的東西。
Here's a solution; here's an answer.
You can talk about ideas and things you don't know about; you don't just have to talk about facts.
這就是解決辦法，這就是答案。
你們大可以講自己不知道的東西，不一定非得講事實。
So, how can you speculate?
There are many simple phrases and structures you can use.
那麼該如何進行推測呢？
有很多簡單的短語和結構你們都可以用。
First, use a verb like "might", "may", or "could".
For example: "I think children might have less free time than in the past."
第一，用像 "might"、"may" 或 "could" 這樣的動詞。舉個例子：「我認為現在的孩子空閒時間可能比過去少。」
"Parents may not be willing to let children play outside nowadays, especially in big cities."
Secondly, you can use a phrase like "It's possible that…" or "One possible reason is that…"
「現在的父母可能不願意讓孩子在外面玩，尤其是在大城市裡。」
第二，可以用像 "It's possible that..." 或 "One possible reason is that..." 這樣的短語。
For example: "It's possible that there aren't so many parks and other places where children can play sport."
Or: "One possible reason is that parents aren't interested in sport, so they don't encourage their children to play sport and be active."
比如：「可能沒有那麼多公園和孩子們可以做運動的其他地方。」
或者：「一個可能的原因是父母對運動不感興趣，所以他們不會鼓勵孩子做運動，活躍起來。」
Thirdly, you can use an if sentence.
For example, "If children have more homework nowadays, of course it'll be more difficult for them to play sport."
第三，可以用 "if" 引導的句子。
舉個例子：「如果現在的孩子作業變多了，他們做運動當然就更困難了。」
"Obviously, if children spend lots of time in front of a screen, they won't go outside and do something active."
Speculate as much as possible during part three of the IELTS speaking exam.
「顯然，如果孩子在屏幕前花大把的時間，他們就不會出去活動活動了。」
在雅思口語考試的第三部分要儘可能多地進行推測。
It will help you to give longer answers and get a better score.
Okay. Part three: show the other side of the argument.
它能幫助你給出更長的回答，得到更高的分數。
好了，第三部分：講一講另一方的觀點。
A lot of IELTS advice sounds the same: develop your answers, add details, make your answers longer.
Okay, but how?
很多雅思建議聽起來都是一個樣：擴展回答，增加細節，使回答變得更長。
說得沒錯，但是怎麼做呢？
Here's the simplest way: don't just give your opinion; discuss the opposite opinion, too.
Let's stay with our sample question and answer.
教你們一個最簡單的方法：不要只說你自己的觀點，也要討論一下相反的觀點。
我們還是用這個例題和回答。
To review, you want to agree with the idea that children do less sport now than before.
You start your answer, you give reasons, you give examples, you speculate.
回顧一下，你同意的觀點是現在的孩子比以前運動得少。
你開始回答，講了原因，講了例子，進行了推測。
Next, discuss the other side of the argument.
For example: "On the other hand, many of my friends' children are very active, often more active than their parents.
接下來就要討論一下另一方的觀點。
舉個例子：「另一方面，我很多朋友的孩子都非常活躍，通常比他們的父母還活躍。
It isn't true that all children are less active than in the past.
However, spending time online can also help to get children interested in new sports and activities.
說所有的孩子都不如過去活躍是不對的。
但是，上網也有助於讓孩子對新的運動和活動感興趣。
It's much easier to find sports clubs and activities in your local area nowadays, thanks to technology."
This lets you use linking words like "on the other hand" or "however", and again, this is all making your answer longer and more detailed.
多虧了技術的進步，現在在當地找到體育俱樂部和活動簡單多了。」
這樣你就可以用上像 "on the other hand" 和 "however" 這樣的連詞了，而且這也會讓你的回答更長更詳細。
We haven't finished yet, but let's review these three points, because they're all connected.
In part three of the IELTS speaking test, you can improve your answer by: adding reasons to support your opinions; using examples from your own life;
speculating (=talking about possibilities, and things you aren't sure about) ; and, discussing the other side of the argument.
我們還沒講完，但是我們來複習一下這三點，因為它們都是相聯繫的。
在雅思口語考試的第三部分，你可以通過以下方法改進自己的回答：加上原因支持自己的觀點；使用自己生活中的例子；
推測（談論可能的情況，以及你不確定的事情）；還有討論另一方的觀點。
If you do all this, you can turn a bad answer "Yes, I agree." into this: "Yes, I agree, children have more homework and are under more pressure at school, so they have less time to play sports or do something outside.
For example, when I was younger, I played outside with my friends every day after school.
如果你把以上方法都用上了，那就可以把一個像「是的，我同意」這樣差勁的回答變成：「是的，我同意，孩子們現在作業多了，在學校的壓力也更大，所以做運動或者在室外活動的時間就少了。
比如我小時候每天放了學都和朋友們在外面玩。
Nowadays, I never see children playing outside. I'm not sure why that is.
但是現如今我從沒看到孩子在外面玩。我不是很確定是什麼原因導致的。
Maybe it's because they spend more time online, playing video games and so on.
However, spending time online can also help to get children interested in new sports and activities.
可能是因為他們上網、玩遊戲等等的時間更長了。
但是，上網也有助於讓孩子對新的運動和活動感興趣。
It's much easier to find sports clubs and activities in your local area now, thanks to technology."
You can see how following a few simple steps can help you to extend and develop your answer into something really good.
多虧了技術的進步，現在在當地找到體育俱樂部和活動簡單多了。」
不難看到，遵循這簡單的幾步就能幫你把自己的回答延伸擴展成非常好的回答。
If you can produce answers like this in part three of your IELTS speaking exam, you will get a good score.
Okay, I know what you're thinking.
如果你在雅思口語考試的第三部分能給出這樣的回答，得到的分數一定不錯。
好了，我知道你在想什麼。
Firstly, you're thinking: "Well, that's easy for you, Mr. Native Speaker!
But how can I do it?" Oh, I disagree, I think you can do it.
首先你想的是：「呵呵，這對你來說倒是容易，你個母語是英語的人！
但是我做不到啊！」我不同意，我認為你可以做到的。
Here's why: Most of the IELTS students I meet are around bands 5-6-7 and their target is maybe 6,6.5,7, rarely higher.
If you're at this level, you have the language to do something like this.
我來跟你講講為什麼，我遇到的大部分考雅思的學生成績都在5分到6分到7分之間，他們的目標成績可能是6分，6.5分，7分，很少有更高的。
如果你處於這個水平，那就有做到這一點的語言能力。
Go on, go back, read the answer again, it isn't that complicated.
I don't use advanced vocabulary or very complicated grammar.
繼續，我們再回頭來看看這個回答，它並沒有那麼複雜。
我沒有用高級詞彙或非常複雜的語法。
You can do it! Maybe with some mistakes, but if you can understand this video, you can make an answer like this.
你可以做到的！可能會出現一些錯誤，但是只要你能聽懂這個視頻的內容，就能給出這樣的回答。
It just takes practice.
Secondly, maybe you're thinking: "Thanks very much, Oli, now I know how to answer one question.
只需要勤加練習。
其次，可能你在想：「非常感謝，奧利，現在我知道怎麼回答一個題目了。
How does that help me?
They're going to ask me different questions in my exam."
這對我又有什麼幫助呢？
他們在考試的時候會問我不同的題目啊。」
You can use these ideas to answer any question in part three of the IELTS speaking test.
You can't possibly prepare for every question they might ask you.
你可以用這些方法去回答雅思口語考試第三部分的任何題目。
你不可能準備到他們也許會問你的所有題目。
But you can remember to think of reasons, think of examples, and so on.
This will make your answers better.
但是你可以記住回答時想一想原因，想一想例子等等。
這會讓你的回答變得更好。
Next, let's look at some different advice for part three.
Number four: use filler phrases to give yourself thinking time.
下面我們來看看第三部分的一些不同建議。
第四點：用填充語給自己爭取一點思考的時間。
Your answers in part three will often be longer and more complicated compared to part one or part two, so trying to give an answer like this without thinking could be difficult.
If you start speaking without thinking first, your answer might be disorganized and difficult to follow.
與第一部分或第二部分相比，你在第三部分的回答通常更長更複雜，所以想要不經思考就給出像這樣的回答可能很困難。
如果你沒有先思考就開始作答，你的回答可能會雜亂無章，很難理解。
So what should you do?
Well, if you just need a few seconds to think and organize your thoughts, use a filler phrase.
那麼你應該怎麼做呢？
如果你只需要幾秒鐘的時間思考，組織想法，那就用一個填充詞。
For example: "Let me think about that for a second." "That's an interesting question."
舉個例子：「讓我稍微想一想。」「這個題目很有意思。」
"What can I say about that?"
You can also use filler phrases in the middle of your answer, if you need to pause and think.
「我對此有什麼可說的呢？」
如果你需要暫停一下進行思考的話，也可以在你的回答中間加上填充語。
For example, "What else can I say?"
"Let me see. . . can I think of an example?"
舉個例子：「我還能說些什麼呢？」
「讓我想想......我能想到一個例子嗎？」
"What other reasons could there be for this?"
Filler phrases are natural, native speakers use them, you can use them, too.
「這還有什麼其他的原因呢？」
用填充語是很正常的，英語母語者會用它們，你也可以用。
It's much better to use a filler phrase than just to sit there in silence.
Using filler phrases like this shows the examiner that you're really thinking about the question, and that you have more to say.
加上填充語比幹坐在那兒默不作聲要好得多。
用這樣的填充語能讓考官知道你在認真思考這個題目，你還有更多內容要說。
On the other hand, don't use filler phrases too much.
You can't use them for every question or all the time.
話又說回來，不要過多使用填充語。
不能回答每個問題時都用，也不能一直用。
Save them for the more complicated questions, when you really need some extra thinking time.
Filler phrases can give you more thinking time, but what if you really can't think of anything to say?
把它們留到更複雜的問題，你真的需要一些額外的思考時間時再用。
填充語能給你爭取到更多思考時間，但是如果你真的想不到要說什麼時怎麼辦？
Okay, let's look. Part five: be honest.
我們來看一看。第五部分：實話實說。
I know we said before that it's okay to lie or make up examples, but what if you really can't think of anything, even a lie, even a fake story?
If you really have no ideas about something, say so.
我知道我們之前說了撒謊或編個例子出來也沒關係，但是萬一你真的腦子一片空白，連個謊，連個假的故事都想不出來怎麼辦？
如果你真的什麼都想不出來，那就實話實說吧。
For example, the examiner asks you: "Do you think that children do less sport and exercise than in the past?"
You could say: "I really have no idea.
舉個例子，假設考官問你：「你是否認為現在的孩子比過去運動鍛鍊得少？」
你可以說：「我真的不清楚。
I don't have children, and none of my friends do either.
I'm afraid it's just not a topic I can say much about."
我沒有孩子，我的朋友們也都沒有。
恐怕我對這個話題能說的內容不多。」
Be careful, you shouldn't do this unless it's really necessary.
You also need to give a reason why you don't have anything to say.
要注意，只有在真正必要時你才能這麼做。
你還需要說出你對此無話可說的原因。
You need to make it clear to the examiner that it's not just your English skills which are stopping you from giving a full answer.
Secondly, if you do this, you can only really do it once, you can't do it to too many questions.
你要清楚地讓考官知道使你無法給出完整回答的不是你的英語能力。
其次，如果你要這麼做，就能只能做一次，不能在很多題目上都這樣。
And finally, even if you do this, you should still try to speculate. For example: "I really have no idea.
最後，即使你要這麼做，也還是要試著進行推測。舉個例子：「我真的不清楚。
I don't have children, and none of my friends do either. I'm afraid it's just not a topic I can say much about.
我沒有孩子，我的朋友們也都沒有。恐怕我對這個話題能說的內容不多。
I suppose that children might be less active than in the past, because they spend more time online and playing video games and things like that."
You need to put thought into your answer, and try to add details, even if your answer is basically "I don't know".
我想孩子們沒有過去那麼活躍可能是因為他們把更多的時間花在了上網、玩遊戲等事情上。」
你要往自己的回答裡加入想法，並試著增加一些細節，即使你的回答基本上只是「我不知道」。
Otherwise, it could affect your IELTS score.
However, this can save you if you get a question which you really don't know how to answer.
否則這可能會影響你的雅思成績。
但是，如果你拿到了一個你真的不知道該如何回答的問題，這個方法能夠救你一命。
It won't affect your score if you make your reasons clear, and if you put some thought into your answer.
The examiner wants you to speak.
如果你把原因說清楚了，並在回答中加入了一些想法，這對你的成績不會有影響。
考官想要你開口講話。
By saying something like this to the examiner, you're saying, "I can't say much about this, so give me a different question or topic."
Being honest like this is much better than trying to answer the question when you have no idea what to say.
你對考官說這些其實就是在說：「我對此沒有多少可說的，所以請給我一個別的題目或話題。」
像這樣實話實話比在不知道該說什麼的情況下硬著頭皮回答問題要好得多。
Just remember, this is something you can only use if it's really necessary. Okay, our last point, part six: interact with the examiner.
只是要記住，只有在真正必要時才能使用這種方法。好了，我們的最後一點，第六部分：與考官互動。
Part three of the IELTS speaking test is different, because it's the first time in the speaking exam that the examiner can actually talk to you.
In parts one and two, the examiner is reading a script.
雅思口語考試的第三部分很是不同，因為這是在口語考試中考官第一次有機會可以真正與你交流。在第一和第二部分，考官只是把試題上的內容讀給你聽。
He or she has very little freedom to respond to what you say. However, part three is different.
他（她）沒有可以回應你所說內容的自由。但是，第三部分就不一樣了。
The examiner can respond to what you say, and take part in the conversation more.
What does this mean for you?
考官可以回應你說的內容，更多地參與到對話中。這對你來說意味著什麼呢？
During part three of the IELTS speaking exam, you need to listen to what the examiner says, and think about what he or she wants you to do.
For example: Is the examiner responding to something you said, or asking a new question?
在雅思口語考試的第三部分期間，你要聽考官說了什麼，並思考他（她）想讓你做什麼。
比如考官是在回應你說的內容，還是在問一個新的問題？
Is the examiner asking for more details about something you said?
Is the examiner asking you to give your opinion, or respond to a different opinion?
考官是不是在要求你更詳細地講講你說過的內容？
考官是在讓你給出自己的觀點還是回應一個不同的觀點？
This also means that you shouldn't expect to just speak for as long as you want.
The examiner can and will jump into the conversation to ask extra questions, or to change the direction a little bit.
這還意味著你不該指望能想講多久就講多久。
考官可以而且會加入對話，問你一些額外的問題，或者稍微轉變一下方向。
You need to be flexible in part three.
In parts one and two, you're given questions and you can answer without being interrupted, you can say what you want.
你在第三部分要靈活一點。
在第一和第二部分，他們會給你題目，你不會被打斷，可以盡情回答，說出你想說的內容。
In part three, you need to interact with the examiner.
It should be more like a natural conversation, rather than a question-answer format.
而在第三部分，你要和考官互動。
這應該更像正常的對話，而不是問答形式。
Okay, that's the end of the lesson on part three. I hope this IELTS advice was useful.
好了，我們關於第三部分的這節課到此就結束了。希望這個雅思建議對你們有用。
If you've watched all of our videos on the IELTS speaking exam, you should now have a good idea of what to expect and what to do in the IELTS speaking test.
Good luck if you have an exam coming up!
如果你觀看了我們全部的雅思口語考試視頻，現在就應該很清楚在雅思口語考試中要預計到什麼以及要做什麼了。
祝很快要參加考試的朋友好運！
Remember also you can see more of our free lessons on our website: Oxford Online English. com. But for today, thanks very much for watching, see you next time!
還有別忘了，你們可以在我們的網站：Oxford Online English. com 上觀看更多的免費課程。
今天就到這兒，感謝觀看，下次見！