I．要點表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況，而是一種願望、建議或與事實相反的假設等。一般常用於正式的書面語中。 １、虛擬語氣的構成
註：如果條件從句謂語動詞包含有were或had, should, could有時可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如： Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party. ２、虛擬語氣在各種從句的應用 （１）在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應如此等，其謂語形式是"should(可省) ＋動詞原形"，常用於以下三種句型中。 句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that… 句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that… 句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that… 如：It is strange that he (should) have done that. It is a pity that he (should) be so careless. It is requested that we (should) be so careless. （２）在賓語從句中用於suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動詞後的賓語從句中，表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：I suggest that we (should) go swimming. （３）在表語從句中，表示間接的命令，要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)＋動詞原形"。如：His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once. （４）在同位語從句中，謂語形式是"(should)＋動詞原形"。如：We received order that the work be done at once. （５）在It is time that…句型中，其謂語動詞形式是"動詞的過去式"或 "should ＋動詞原形",should不可省。如： It's time that we went ( should ）go to school.
II．例題例１We had hoped that he ____ longer. A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay 解析：該題正確答案為Ｄ。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動詞還有think, expect等，後面的句子需用虛擬語氣 例２"Mary wants to see you today". "I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today." A comes B came C should come D will come 解析：該題正確答案為Ｂ。would rather後面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動詞過去時表示。 例３Had she been older, she ____ it better. A had done B might have done C might do D would do 解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故該題正確答案為Ｂ。
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