BBC 6 Minute English 是 BBC Learning English 出品的英語學習節目。每周一期，每期約6分鐘，兩位主播圍繞某個話題展開對話，非常適合英音愛好者模仿學習。
Transcript
Note：This may not be a word-for-word transcript
Welcome to 6 Minute English, where we bring you an intelligent topic and six related items of vocabulary. I'm Neil…歡迎收聽六分鐘英語，節目中我們會討論一個有智慧的話題，奉上六個相關的單詞。我是尼爾。And I'm Tim. And today we're talking about AI – or Artificial Intelligence.Artificial Intelligence is the ability of machines to copy human intelligent behaviour – for example, an intelligent machine can learn from its own mistakes, and make decisions based on what's happened in the past.人工智慧是機器模仿人類智能行為的能力。例如，智能機器可以從其錯誤中吸取經驗，根據過去發生的事做出決策。There's a lot of talk about AI these days, Neil, but it's still just science fiction, isn't it?如今有很多人都談到人工智慧，但這仍然存在於科幻小說，不是嗎？That's not true – AI is everywhere. Machine thinking is in our homes, offices, schools and hospitals. Computer algorithms are helping us drive our cars. They're diagnosing what's wrong with us in hospitals. They're marking student essays… They're telling us what to read on our smartphones…不是的，人工智慧隨處可見。機器思維存在於我們的家中，辦公室、學校和醫院。計算機算法可以幫助我們開車。還可以在醫院幫助我們診斷。還可以給學生的論文做標記。計算機算法告訴我們智慧型手機上有什麼。Well, that really does sound like science fiction – but it's happening already, you say, Neil?這聽上去很像科幻小說，但你說這確實已經發生了，尼爾？It's definitely happening, Tim. And an algorithm, by the way, is a set of steps a computer follows in order to solve a problem. So can you tell me what was the name of the computer which famously beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov using algorithms in 1997? Was it… a) Hal, b) Alpha 60 or c) Deep Blue?確實發生了。順便說一下，算法是指計算機按照一套程序去解決問題。你能告訴我，1997年使用算法打敗西洋棋冠軍蓋瑞·卡斯帕羅夫的計算機叫什麼嗎？a) 哈爾， b) 阿爾法 60，還是c)深藍？I'll say Deep Blue. Although I'm just guessing.Was it an educated guess, Tim?I know a bit about chess…An educated guess is based on knowledge and experience and is therefore likely to be correct. Well, we'll find out later on how educated your guess was in this case, Tim!有根據的猜測是基於知識和經驗，因此很有可能是正確的。我們之後看看你今天的猜測是不是很有根據。Indeed. But getting back to AI and what machines can do – are they any good at solving real-life problems? Computers think in zeros and ones don't they? That sounds like a pretty limited language when it comes to life experience!沒錯。我們回到人工智慧上，以及機器能做什麼。它們能夠解決實際生活中的問題嗎？計算機是二進位的思維，不是嗎？這聽上去當計算機遇到生活問題時，這種語言相當有限。You would be surprised to what those zeroes and ones can do, Tim. Although you're right that AI does have its limitations at the moment. And if something has limitations there's a limit on what it can do or how good it can be.你會對這些二進位語言能做的事情感到震驚的。但你說的沒錯，人工智慧當下是有局限性的。如果某事有局限性是指它在能做和擅長做的地方有限制。OK – well now might be a good time to listen to Zoubin Bharhramani, Professor of Information Engineering at the University of Cambridge and deputy director of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence. He's talking about what limitations AI has at the moment.這時候我們該聽聽佐賓·布哈拉曼尼的觀點，他是劍橋大學信息工程教授以及勒維勒姆未來智能的中心的副主任。他將談論人工智慧當下有何局限性。I think it's very interesting how many of the things that we take for granted – we humans take for granted– as being sort of things we don't even think about like how do we walk, how do we reach, how do we recognize our mother. You know, all these things. When you start to think how to implement them on a computer, you realize that it's those things that are incredibly difficult to get computers to do, and that's where the current cutting edge of research is.很有趣的是，很多我們覺得理所當然的事，我們人類理所當然的事，例如我們不會思考我們是怎麼走路的，怎麼拿東西的，怎麼認出自己的母親的，你懂的，這些所有事我們都覺得理所應當。但當你開始思考如何將這些事施加於計算機上時，你會意識到，這些東西對於計算機來說是非常困難的額。這也是當下前沿研究的所及之處。If we take something for granted we don't realise how important something is.如果我們將某事視為理所當然，是指我們覺得一些事沒那麼重要。You sometimes take me for granted, I think, Neil.No – I never take you for granted, Tim! You're far too important for that!Good to hear! So things we take for granted are doing every day tasks like walking, picking something up, or recognizing somebody. We implement – or perform – these things without thinking– Whereas it's cutting edge research to try and program a machine to do them.聽到這個很開心。所以我們認為理所當然的事是我們每天都做的事，例如走路，拿起某件東西，或者認出某個人。我們不用思考就能完成這些事。然而前沿研究試圖讓機器也做相同的事。Cutting edge means very new and advanced. It's interesting isn't it, that over ten years ago a computer beat a chess grand master– but the same computer would find it incredibly difficult to pick up a chess piece.前沿的是指最新的，先進的。十多年前一臺計算機打敗了象棋大師，這很有趣，不是嗎？但同一臺計算機，卻很難拿起一塊象棋。I know. It's very strange. But now you've reminded me that we need the answer to today's question.Which was: What was the name of the computer who famously beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997? Now, you said Deep Blue, Tim, and … that was the right answer!問題是：1997年使用算法打敗西洋棋冠軍蓋瑞·卡斯帕羅夫的計算機叫什麼嗎？你說的是深藍，這就是正確答案！You see, my educated guess was based on knowledge and experience!Or maybe you were just lucky. So, the IBM supercomputer Deep Blue played against US world chess champion Garry Kasparov in two chess matches. The first match was played in Philadelphia in 1996 and was won by Kasparov. The second was played in New York City in 1997 and won by Deep Blue. The 1997 match was the first defeat of a reigning world chess champion by a computer under tournament conditions.也許你只是很幸運。IBM的超級電腦深藍曾在兩次象棋大賽中與美國世界象棋冠軍蓋瑞對決。第一場比賽在1996年的費城舉辦，那一次蓋瑞獲勝。第二場比賽1997年在紐約舉辦，深藍獲勝。1997年的比賽是在錦標賽的賽制下，在西洋棋領域佔有支配地位的蓋瑞第一次敗給一臺計算機。Let's go through the words we learned today. First up was artificial intelligence or AI – the ability of machines to copy human intelligent behaviour.現在我們瀏覽一遍今天學到的單詞。第一個是人工智慧AI，是指機器複製人類智能行為的能力。There are AI programs that can write poetry.Do you have any examples you can recite?Afraid I don't! Number two – an algorithm is a set of steps a computer follows in order to solve a problem. For example, Google changes its search algorithm hundreds of times every year.恐怕不能。第二個單詞是算法，是指計算機按照一套程序來解決問題。例如，谷歌每年都會改變成千上萬次其搜索算法。The adjective is algorithmic – for example, Google has made many algorithmic changes.形容詞形式是algorithmic，例如谷歌做了很多次算法的改變。Number three – if something has limitations – there's a limit on what it can do or how good it can be. Our show has certain limitations – for example, it's only six minutes long!第三個單詞，如果某物有局限性，是指某物在能做什麼和擅長做什麼方面有限制。我們的節目也有局限，例如，它只有六分鐘長。That's right – there's only time to present six vocabulary items. Short but sweet!And very intelligent, too. OK, the next item is take something for granted – which is when we don't realise how important something is.也很有智慧。好的，下一個單詞是將某事視為理所當然，是指我們不覺得某事有什麼重要的。We take our smart phones for granted these days – but before 1995 hardly anyone owned one.我們如今將智慧型手機視為理所當然的東西，但1995年前，很少有人有手機。Number five – to implement – means to perform a task, or take action.Neil implemented some changes to the show.The final item is cutting edge – new and advanced – This software is cutting edge.最後一個單詞是前沿的，即最新的、先進的。這款軟體很先進。The software uses cutting edge technology.OK – that's all we have time for on today's cutting edge show. But please check out our Instagram, Tzwitter, Facebook and YouTube pages.今天我們的前沿節目就到這裡。記得查看我們的 Instagram，Twitter， Facebook 和YouTube主頁。素材除註明原創外均來源於網絡，僅供學習使用，平臺只是分享，不代表贊同任何立場，如仍然不慎侵犯您的權益，請留言刪除。編輯不易，轉載請註明（來源：外語教研），轉發分享朋友圈隨意，歡迎師生用於教學學習，歡迎投稿。