定語從句是英語學習中的一個重點同時又是個難點,尤其是介詞加關係詞這一部分內容,對於語法書上的各種解釋,初學英語的小夥伴們依然是一臉的茫然。
一、介詞+關係詞形成的定語從句與並列句之間的轉換,下面我們來看幾個例句:
1. He has two sons,one of whom is a bank clerk.
他有兩個兒子其中一個是銀行職員。
大家對one of whom 的用法感到不理解。但是如果你把這個句子改成並列句,你就很好懂了。
He has two sons,and one of them is a bank clerk.同樣一個意思就變成了大家很容易明白的並列句了。這裡需要注意的是,當前後兩個分句之間有並列連詞的時候,我們就要用人稱代詞,反之就用關係詞。也就是說,在這句活中,whom的意思和them是一樣的。因為這裡的whom本身又可以當連接詞用,所以前面就不用再加並列連詞了。
2.Tom lives in a beautiful house,the windows of which/whose windows face to the sea.
湯姆住在一所漂亮的房子裡,窗戶朝向大海。
這句話改用並列句來表達:Tom lives in a beautiful house,and its windows face to the sea.
3. We arrived at a log cabin,in front of which sat a little girl.
我們來到一所小木屋附近,木屋的前面坐著一個小女孩。這句話改成並列句:
We arrived at a log cabin, and in front of the log cabin sat a little girl.
註:一般能轉化成並列句的多為非限制性定語從句。
二、當介詞+關係詞在句中充當時間、地點、原因狀語時,可與關係副詞when,where.why之間互換。
1.He still remembers the day on which(=when)he got the first job after his graduation from college.
他仍然記得大學畢業後獲得第一份工作的那一天。
2.The school to which(where)he was sent was very large.
他去的(被派往的)那個學校很大。
3.The reasonfor which(=why)he dropped out of school was that his father couldn't continue to pay the school fees.
他(當時)輟學的原因是他的父親供不起他上學的學費了。
三、the +名詞+of which 或者of which+the +名詞=whose,均表示所屬關係。
這裡的whose 意思就相當於,his ,her,their,its等物主代詞。
The old man lives in a small room,the door of which(=whose door) faces south.
那個老人住在一所小房子裡,它的門朝南開。
The building of which the roof (whose roof)was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
那個在地震中屋頂被破壞的建築物已經被修好了。
這裡是英語嚮導肖老師,天天有驚喜,歡迎加關注。