話題2 政府類：預防犯罪的方法
隨著近期美國因為種族之間的問題引發的一系列暴動，相信關於犯罪類話題又將是雅思考試中常客。#雅思寫作#這類的雅思寫作，一般要分析犯罪的背景與原因，再說明政府可以怎麼做減少犯罪。記住，通過句子記住相應的詞夥，同樣可以用在雅思的口語考試中哦！多使用詞夥可以幫助你更加地道地表達英文。
以下分為四點提供素材幹貨：1犯罪的原因；2預防犯罪的方法 3刑罰的好處 4教育、培訓、做義工的好處。
01犯罪的原因：
1遺傳學可能構成犯罪。有些人在遺傳上傾向於暴力。他們傾向於表現出侵略性並進行肉搏。
Genetics may account for criminality. Some people are genetically predisposed to be violent. They are prone to show aggression and engage in physical fighting.
2許多人沒有責任感。他們不了解法律責任。
Many people do not have a sense of responsibility. They are not aware of legal responsibilities.
3許多人沒有工作技能，因此在經濟困難時期很可能會失業。他們可能會採取某些違法行為來賺錢。
Many people do not have job skills, so they are likely to lose their jobs in tough economic times. They may do something against laws to make money.
4犯罪行為的猖獗以及暴力犯罪和反社會行為（如騷亂）的廣泛報導。許多年輕人可能會認為這種行為可以接受。
Crime is rampant and the coverage of violent crime and anti-social behavior such as rioting is extensive. Many young people may see such behavior as acceptable.
02預防犯罪的方法：
1教育和職業培訓可以解決犯罪問題。如果年輕人找到工作，他們將不會犯罪。
Education and job training can be a solution to crime. If young people find employment they will not commit crimes.
2重要的是要提高法律意識，因為了解違法後果的人犯罪的可能性較小。
It is important to increase legal awareness because people who are informed about the consequences of breaking the law are less likely to commit crimes.
3另一種方法是增加監視攝像機並提高巡邏警員的能見度，這可能對犯罪分子產生威懾作用。
Another method is to increase surveillance cameras and the visibility of police officers on patrol, which can have a deterrent effect on criminals.
4施加嚴厲的刑罰是另一種選擇，它可以阻止潛在的罪犯觸犯法律。
Imposing stiff penalty is another option, which can deter potential criminals from breaking the law.
5政府還可以利用資源為人們提供安全網。減少貧窮是建立穩定社會的關鍵。
The government can also use resources to provide people with a safety net. Poverty reduction is the key in building a stable society.
6社區服務可以增強他們的社會責任並改革罪犯。
Community service can enhance their social responsibility and reform criminals.
03刑罰的好處
1監禁對潛在的罪犯具有威懾作用。這是減少犯罪的有效方法。
Imprisonment has a deterrent effect on potential criminals. It is an effective method to reduce crime.
2將罪犯關進監獄可以幫助保護守法公民免受犯罪，尤其是累犯的傷害，而累犯很難改造。
Keeping criminals in prison can help protect law-abiding citizens from crime, especially the harm inflicted by recidivists, who cannot be reformed easily.
04教育、培訓、做社工的好處
1儘管有不良行為的歷史，但有機會改善工作技能的年輕罪犯仍然可以找到工作。他們不太可能重新犯罪。
Young offenders who have opportunities to improve opportunities to improve job skills can find jobs despite having a history of bad behavior. They are less likely to reoffend.
2這樣可以防止他們與慣犯接觸。
This can prevent their contact with repeat offenders.
3懂得承擔法律和社會責任的人不太可能違反法律。
People who know legal and social responsibilities are less likely to violate laws.
4教育和培訓的另一個優勢是，當年輕人試圖重返社會時，它可以減少犯罪記錄對年輕人的影響。
Another advantage of education and training is that it can reduce the impact of the criminal record on young people when they attempt to reintegrate into society.