當地時間12月5日,美國《時代周刊》雜誌(簡稱《時代》)公布了最新一期的封面。封面上,白底黑字的「2020」被打上了一個大大的紅X標記,並在底下寫上「2020年是最糟糕的一年」(The Worst Year Ever)。據了解,這是《時代》歷史上第五次在封面上使用了紅色X標記。
X標記意味著出現影響世界的重磅事件
《時代》於1923年創刊,是美國三大時事性周刊之一,其內容廣泛,經常對國際問題發表主張和對國際重大事件進行跟蹤報導。在《時代》近百年的歷史中,迄今為止只有五次在封面上使用了紅色X標記,而每次使用紅X時都代表有足以影響全世界的重磅新聞。
第一次使用帶有紅叉封面的《時代》於1945年5月7日發行,封面使用了阿道夫·希特勒的臉部繪圖並打上紅色的X,代表了德國戰敗。
第二次發生在2003年4月21日,在伊拉克入侵開始兩周後,以美國為首的國際聯軍佔領巴格達,薩達姆流亡,因此《時代》雜誌在薩達姆·海珊的畫像上使用了紅X。
在2006年6月13日,蓋達組織頭目阿布·穆薩布·扎卡維(Abu Musab al-Zarqawi)死於美軍轟炸,《時代》雜誌第三次印製了帶有紅X的封面。
在烏薩馬·賓·拉登(Osama bin Laden)被擊斃後,2011年5月2日出版的《時代》雜誌第四次使用了帶有紅X的封面。
值得一提的是,在美國連續兩次對日本投擲原子彈後,於1945年8月20日發布的《時代》雜誌使用了被打上黑色X的日本國旗作為封面(由於日本國旗中心為紅色,因此這是迄今為止該雜誌唯一一次使用了黑色X),代表了將要到來的日本無條件投降以及第二次世界大戰的結束。
美媒解讀紅X或帶有雙重含義
有美國媒體指出,《時代》雜誌在封面使用了紅色X以及將2020年定義為「最糟糕的一年」,一方面指的是新冠肺炎疫情蔓延,另一方面也針對美國大選。
電影評論家史蒂芬妮·扎沙雷克(Stephanie Zacharek)在為該期《時代》雜誌的撰稿中寫道:「你永遠不想重溫這一年所發生的故事。」扎沙雷克認為,縱然在美國歷史甚至世界歷史上都有過更糟糕的年份,但絕大多數活在今天的人們都沒有經歷過那樣的歲月,因此人們都對2020年經歷的一切都有些手足無措,包括一再發生的自然災害、在幻想的基礎上進行的大選,還有導致全球超過150萬人失去生命的新冠肺炎。「今年,我們被一種最擊垮人心的無助感所威脅著,這種感覺不受控制地蔓延。」她在文中寫道。
不過,在社交媒體上有部分美國網民並不認同《時代》的觀點。有人認為,美國在近數十年來在全球各地發動戰爭以及幹涉當地政局,對世界上許多地方的人民帶來的絕望和災難絲毫不亞於美國在2020年所遭受的一切。
推特網友GabySPontes在評論中寫道:「非洲很多地方生活在流行病之下,科索沃戰爭讓20萬黎民百姓受苦受難……但對我們所有人(美國人)來說,2020年卻是最糟糕的一年,原因是美國女性不能出去散步……」
The Time Magazine used a Red 「X」 on cover, the fifth time in history
On December 5, the Time magazine announced the cover of the latest issue. On the cover, 「2020」 in black on a white background is marked with a big red X, and 「The Worst Year Ever」 underneath. This is the fifth time in the history of Time that a red X mark has been used on the cover.
Time was founded in 1923 and is one of the three major current affairs weekly magazines in the United States. It has a wide range of content and frequently publishes opinions on international issues and follows up reports on major international events. In the nearly 100-year history of Time, the red X mark has been used on the cover only five times so far, and each time the red X is used, it represents a blockbuster news that can affect the world.
The first use of red X was released on May 7, 1945. The cover used Adolf Hitler’s face drawing and marked with a red X, representing the defeat of Germany.
Time waited nearly 60 years for its second red-『X』 cover. This cover didn’t coincide with the former Iraqi dictator’s capture of execution of the former Iraqi dictator. The U.S.-led coalition had merely taken control of Baghdad. Hussein was still on the run and wouldn’t be captured for another seven months. He was executed in 2006.
On June 13, 2006, Al-Qaida leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi (Abu Musab al-Zarqawi) died in a US bombing, and the Time printed a cover with a red X for the third time.
After Osama bin Laden was killed, the Time published on May 2, 2011, used a cover with a red X for the fourth time.
Besides, after the nuclear weapons were dropped on Hiroshima (Aug. 5) and Nagasaki (Aug. 9), because of the red in Japan’s flag, a black cross was used instead. The formal surrender of Japan came on Sept. 2.
Some American media pointed out that the reason of the Time uses a red X on the cover and defines 2020 as 「the worst year ever」 is that, on the one hand, it refers to the spread of COVID-19, and on the other hand, it also targets the US election.
Stephanie Zacharek, the film critic for TIME wrote an article for this issue of the Time and said:「This is the story of a year you』ll never want to revisit.」
In her article, she wrote that, 「there have been worse years in U.S. history, and certainly worse years in world history, but most of us alive today have seen nothing like this one. The rest of us have had no training wheels for this--for the recurrence of natural disasters that confirm just how much we have betrayed nature; for an election contested on the basis of fantasy; for a virus that originated, possibly, with a bat only to upend the lives of virtually everyone on the planet and end the lives of roughly 1.5 million people around the world.」
「Our most debilitating threat this year was a sense of helplessness, and it ran unchecked.」 Stephanie said.
However, some Americans on social media do not agree with the views of Time. They believe that the United States has started wars around the world and interfered in local politics in recent decades, and the despair and disasters that have brought to people in many parts of the world are no less than what the United States has suffered in 2020.
Twitter user GabySPontes』 comment said: 「Some places in Africa live under epidemics...more than 200,000 people suffered in the Kosovo war (1999). But the worst year FOR US ALL was 2020 because the American woman was unable to go out to a walk ……」
編譯:南都記者 莫郅鏵 實習記者 陳卓睿