簡單句的五種基本句型典型例句
五種基本句型結構
一、句型1： Subject (主語) ＋ Verb (謂語) （謂語為不及物動詞）
The red sunrises in the east.紅彤彤的太陽從東方升起來。
Lucy and Mary get upearly every morning.露西和瑪麗每天早上很早就起床。
His parents have workedin the company for ten years.
他的父母在這家公司工作十年了。
What he said does not matter.他說的話不重要。
They had to travel by boat.他們不得不乘船旅行。
二、句型2：Subject (主語) ＋ Link. V(系動詞) ＋ Predicate(表語)
Our English teacher is thirty years old.我們的英語老師30歲了。
The cake tastes delicious.這個蛋糕吃起來很可口。
The potatoes went bad in the field.土豆在地裡就壞了。
They seemed very happy together.他們在一起好像很幸福。
It gets colder and colder.天氣越來越冷了。
The leaves have turned yellow. 樹葉已經變黃了。
三、句型3：Subject(主語) ＋ Verb (謂語)（謂語為及物動詞） ＋ Object (賓語)
He put the dictionary in the backpack.
他把詞典放進了背包裡。
I saw her just now and she was doing her homework in the classroom.我剛才看到她了,她正在教室做作業。
They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party.
他們還沒有決定什麼時候、在哪兒舉辦這次聚會。
She stopped teaching English two years ago.
她兩年前就不教英語了。
Do you know when he left for Beijing?
你知道他什麼時候去的北京嗎?
Mother promised to give me a present.
母親答應要給我一件禮物。
Would you mind opening the window?打開窗戶你介意嗎?
注意：跟不定式to do 作賓語的動詞有：
打算(intend)計劃(plan)和期盼(expect) 假裝(pretend)喜歡(would like)表祝願(wish)
決定(decide)同意(agree)設法(manage)說服(persuade)不拒絕(refuse)
好像(seem/appear)答應(promise)做努力(attempt)失敗(fail)也付得起(afford)
注意：常要求接「疑問詞＋不定式」作賓語的動詞有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, know, learn, remember, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
注意：只接動詞的-ing形式而不接不定式作賓語的動詞有
admit 承認 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 consider 考慮
delay 耽擱 dislike 嫌惡 enjoy 喜歡 escape 避免 excuse 原諒
fancy 想不到 feel like 意欲 finish 完成 forgive 原諒 give up 放棄
cannot help 情不自禁 imagine 設想 include 包括 keep 保持
mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 逃過 put off 推遲 practice 練習
resist 抵制 risk 冒險
四、句型4： Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋ Indirect object(間接賓語)＋Direct object (直接賓語)
Mr.Smith taught us English last year.
史密斯先生去年教我們英語。
Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
奶奶昨晚給我講了一個有趣的故事。
Would you please pass me that dictionary?
=Would you please pass that dictionary to me?
請你把那本詞典遞給我好嗎?
He bought his mother a new sweater with his first month’s salary.
=He bought a new sweater for his mother with his first month’s salary.
他用第一個月的工資給母親買了一件新毛衣。
注意：主語+謂語+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)。如果把表示物的直接賓
語放在表示人的間接賓語前,需要藉助於介詞to或for。to表示:朝著,向著,對著;for表示:為(某人),替(某人)。
需要藉助介詞to的動詞有:bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write等。
需要藉助介詞for的動詞有:bring,buy,cook,find,get,make,order,save,spare等。
五、句型5： Subject(主語)＋Verb (動詞)＋Object (賓語)＋Complement(補語)
If you let me go. I』ll make you king. (名詞作賓補)
Leave the door open. (形容詞作賓補)
We found Li Ming out when we arrived. (副詞作賓補)
Make yourself at home. (介詞短語作賓補)
I saw a stranger enter the building. (不定式作賓補)
The boss kept them working all day. (現在分詞作賓補)
Yesterday he had his leg broken. (過去分詞作賓補)