寫作裡大家會用到 Incontrast/by contrast，但用得合適不是很容易。這裡有幾個樂於助人的孩子，很高興地把自己犯了錯的句子給大家分享。他們句子裡有什麼問題呢？
Student A wrote:
It seems to me that festival periods have mostly been seen as one's leisure time nowadays. By contrast, I disagree that people have forgotten their meanings.
覺得哪裡不對了嗎？好多同學寫作文的時候，會感覺哪裡有點不對，但一般都寫了就交了，然後就不管了。但，之後我們得查字典：
字典說：
by contrast 的定義裡提到in relation to similar objects or people，也就是說, 需要是可比的：它們是類似的物件或者人，這裡要比它們的不同。
字典例句對比她和她丈夫：她的bigpersonality（性格鮮明）vs. 她丈夫的dull（無趣）。
再看剛才那個例子，它的問題是把festivalperiods和I 對比了。這裡用by contrast不合適, 可以用however。
稍微改了改：
It seems to me that festival periods have mostly been seen as one's leisure time nowadays. However, I disagree that people have therefore forgotten their meanings.
看另一個例子：
Student B wrote:
For example, if people reduce the pollutants that go into water or ocean, various types of creatures in the sea can stay healthy. By contrast, creatures living in the polluted water will not only be harmed but also become harmful for their hunters feeding on them.
People reduce the pollutants 能和 creaturesliving in the polluted water 對比嗎？所以，我們得加個可以對比的事情。
稍微改了改：
For example, if people reduce the pollutants that go into water or ocean, various types of creatures in the sea can stay healthy. By contrast, if people continue to allow water pollution to get worse, creatures living in the polluted water will not only be harmed but also become harmful for their hunters feeding on them.
再看官方範文裡的by contrast 的例子加強印象，他們都在對比什麼？
Cambridge 5 Test 2 Task 2
The reason for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places, have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on.
對比啥了？a young adult who passesdirectly from school to university（直接從高中上大學的年輕人）和 those who have spent some timeearning a living or travelling to other places（花了間隔年的掙錢或者旅遊的年輕人）。
然後，還有力氣的同學看看現實生活裡的新聞。看美國小孩在對比什麼？
「All you're doing is just staring at a screen allday and not doing anything else,」 says 10-year-old Nicholas Orlando Gonzales.At his school in Philadelphia, he says he partakes in fun activities withhis friends. In contrast, remotelearning is 「like being tortured by the internet,」
美國小孩在比：實體學校和朋友一起做有趣的活動vs. 網上遠程學習被折磨。那麼再看看，泰國人在對比什麼？
「Wednesday’s public rebuke of the royal familycomes four years after the death of the widely respected King BhumibolAdulyadej, known as Rama IX. By contrast,many Thais resent Bhumibol’s son, Vajiralongkorn, who spends much of histime out of the country, appearing to spend lavishly, even as the country’seconomy has suffered amid the pandemic.」
泰國人這兒是在對比：愛國王BhumibolAdulyadej vs. 恨國王的兒子。
雅思寫作評分標準裡有一項叫Coherenceand Cohesion，這項是看我們的作文連貫性好不好，或者是讀起來感覺是否通順。7分的作文關於這點的描述是這樣的：
「uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be someunder-/over-use」
今天的重點是appropriately，也就是「合適」地使用連接詞。為了「合適地使用」，我們可以根據自己的情況參考字典、範文、和網絡英文報紙。
最後需要向大家強調一下，我們不能光背單詞表，還得查字典和看文章！
背單詞表能讓我們認得好多單詞，感覺學了好多，但還不會用；但與之相比，查字典和看文章讓我們感覺只學了一點點，但我們朝著會用，和恰當地使用更近了一步。