稻田奈緒美講座——日本當代舞蹈現狀 / 什麼是社區舞蹈?

　　

稻田奈緒美

    稻田奈緒美講座——日本當代舞蹈現狀 / 什麼是社區舞蹈？

　　稻田奈緒美

　　舞蹈學者和舞蹈評論家，昭和音樂大學芭蕾舞研究中心副教授，教授舞蹈史與舞蹈理論。她的研究和評論領域從西方古典芭蕾到日本現代舞以及舞踏、文化方針和社區舞蹈（Community Dance）。她也是日本文化廳所管的日本藝術文化振興會舞蹈項目官員，藝術博士，早稻田大學學士及碩士，有學術論文《土方巽研究：暗黑舞蹈- 對於作為體制的身體的叛亂》。她最近的論文《對浪漫芭蕾之「優雅」的研究-「優雅」作為達到視覺愉悅的完美性的手段》，《對於土方巽創立暗黑舞踏之前時期的重新思考：身體的戒律與 20 世紀 50 年代的日本現代舞蹈》，20世紀 70 年代暗黑舞踏中的看不見的技術等等。

　　她執筆的對暗黑舞踏創立者土方巽的評論性傳記《土方巽-絕後的身體》獲得了 14屆 AICT——國際戲劇評論協會日本戲劇評論獎。她還參與編著了《戲劇學的關鍵詞》一書。2009 年，由北京舞蹈學院和英國密德薩斯大學 ResCen 研究所主辦的「舞動無界」項目中，稻田女士撰寫了報告書，報告書的中英雙語版刊行於《北京舞蹈學院學報》增刊 2011 年第 Vol.85 期。

　　嘉賓：山田雲

　　編舞家，舞者。曾接受器械體操，芭蕾，舞踏訓練，1996年起開始以編舞家身份開始編舞活動。融入美術、文學、學術、時尚等元素，以身體為源泉創造出多彩多樣的充滿機智的舞蹈作品。1998年起，作為獨舞舞者活躍在舞臺上。2002年創立舞團「Ｃｏ.山田うん」。其舞蹈作品細膩而富於生命力，充滿活力，機智幽默，洋溢著自由奔放的想像力。在日本國內外受到廣泛關注。目前，她的演出足跡遍及日本國內31個城市，海外14個國家的22個城市，在所到之處成為熱議的話題。她積極涉足各個藝術領域，與音樂家合作，為戲劇及歌劇做動作編導，面向不同背景的參加者開展工作坊。她同時也是社區舞蹈的積極開拓者。

　　日本當代舞蹈現狀

　　在日本，芭蕾，現代舞等西洋舞蹈的引入已有100年的歷史了。這期間，西洋舞蹈與傳統的日本舞蹈、民間舞蹈共同存在，有了形形色色的發展和展開。最為獨特的是20世紀60年代，為了對抗當時蔚然成風的西洋舞蹈，而產生了一種根植於日本人的身體和文化的全新的舞蹈類型——「舞踏」。發源於日本的「舞踏」不僅在日本國內，也給世界舞蹈界帶來了巨大的影響， 得到世界的矚目。

　　而現在，被稱為當代舞的舞蹈盛行於世。這是不同於運用既定的動作形態和價值觀以新的主題構建新作品的芭蕾和現代舞的舞蹈，而是從形式到價值觀都由舞蹈家獨自的思考及實踐主導的藝術形式。 當代舞相比技術而言更注重概念，與影像及戲劇合作、在劇場以外的空間舞蹈等等，不斷湧現出多種多樣的作品來。

　　本講座中，將會對日本當代舞蹈的產生、 發展的歷史背景以及現在比較活躍的藝術家做介紹。

　　什麼是社區舞蹈？

　　舞蹈作為現代舞臺藝術的一份子，是在這樣的框架下發展起來的：受過訓練的專業舞者舞蹈，觀眾作為業外人士對舞蹈進行鑑賞。然而近年來，在日本，不管有無舞蹈經驗，不問年齡性別、個人經歷、無論身體是健全或是殘疾，由普通人創造並參與的舞蹈開始廣泛流傳開來。這很大程度上是在20世紀70年代起始於英國的社區舞蹈的影響下發展起來的。英國的社區舞蹈的宗旨是無論什麼人、在什麼地方、怎樣舞蹈都行，這卻並非單純為了娛樂而進行的集體舞蹈，而是在專業舞者以及實踐者主導下進行的創造性舞蹈。其背景是為了讓在社會教育、在職場中受到排擠的人們通過舞蹈及藝術實踐活動，強化與社區的聯繫，融入社會的社會性包容思想。在日本，毫無舞蹈經驗的男女老少參加這樣的社區舞蹈，體驗舞蹈的樂趣與創造的喜悅的機會在不斷增加。

　　日程安排：

　　5月30日 14:00 日本當代舞蹈現狀（主講：稻田奈緒美)

　　6月1 日 14:00 社區舞蹈是什麼？（主講：稻田奈緒美，嘉賓：山田雲)

　　地點：蓬蒿劇場

　　語言：日文講座附中文交替翻譯

　　Lecture:

　　Present situation of Japan contemporary dance / What is community dance?

　　Lecturer:

　　Naomi Inata is a dance scholar and critic. She is an Associate Professor of Ballet Research Center, Showa University of Music. She teaches dance history and theory, her research and critiques covers from Western classical ballet to Japanese contemporary dance, Butoh, cultural policy and community dance as well. She is also the officer of Dance Program at Japan Art Promotion Council under the Agency for Cultural Affairs.She holds a Ph. D degree in Arts, the thesis Study on Tatsumi Hijikata: Ankoku Butoh - a riot against the body as a system, an MA and BA, from Waseda University. Her recent papers are Study on the Grace of Romantic Ballet – Grace as Technique to Pleasure of Visual Perception, Rethinking the Period Before Tatsumi Hijikata Founded Ankoku Butoh: Discipline of the Body and Japanese Modern Dance in the 1950s, Invisible Technique in 1970s Ankoku Butoh, etc.

　　She is the author of Tatsumi Hijikata - The Extreme Body (NHK Book, 2008), critical biography of Tatsumi Hijikata, founder of Butoh. The book was awarded the 14th AICT, Association International des Critiques Theatre,Theatre Critic Award Japan. She is co-writer of Keywords in Theatre Studies (Pericansha, 2007), Ballet Gallery.2011 ,Her report of the 2009 "DANSCROSS Dancing in A shaking World 「-co-directed project by Department of Dance Studies at the Beijing Dance Academy (BDA) and Middlesex University ResCen Research Centre has been published in both English and Chinese in the Supplement to Journal of Beijing Dance Academy Vol.85.

　　Guest Lecturer：

　　Un Yamada ，After some training in gymnastics, ballet, Butoh, Un Yamada started her career as a choreographer in 1996. She has also been active as a solo dancer since 1998. The wide sources of her ideas include music, visual art, literature, academic fields, fashion, and diverse body movements. She founded her own company Co. Yamada Un in 2002. Since then, the company has performed in 31 cities in Japan and 22 cities in 14 other countries.Her dance is sensitive, energetic and dynamic, attracting worldwide attention. She has been working on a wide range of projects including collaborations with musicians and choreography for theatre and opera, and community dance.

　　Present situation of Japan contemporary dance

　　In Japan, the introduction of ballet, contemporary dance and other western dances dated from 100 years ago. During this period, the western dance coexisted with traditional Japanese dance and folk dance, experiencing varied development and extension. In 1960s, to challenge the then popular western dance, a brand new type of dance originated from the physical condition and culture of Japan was born—butoh, which is very unique. The Butoh was not only popular in Japan but also well-received by the dancing field of the whole world.

　　Nowadays, Contemporary dance (the dance in contemporary age) came to prevalence. Unlike ballet or modern dance which develops new theme and create new work based on the fixed physical posture and values, the contemporary dance is a kind of art form which the dancer will dominate from the form to the value based on their independent thinking and practice. The contemporary dance focuses more on the concept instead of the techniques, and through the cooperation with image and play, intending to create more works outside the theatre.

　　In this lecture, the historical background of the creation, development of Japan’s contemporary dance and active artists will be introduced.

　　What is community dance?

　　As part of the contemporary performing art, dancing developed under such framework: the dancing performed by the trained, professional dancer, and the appreciation of the audiences as amateurs. Recently, however, dancing created and participated by common people became very popular, which set no limit based on whether you have dancing experience, gender, age, personal experience and physical conditions. It was largely inspired by the British community dance in 1970s. The British community dance can be performed wherever, by whoever, in whatever manner. It is not for pure entertainment, but creative dancing led by professional dancer or practitioners intended for strengthening the connections of communities. Social inclusion thoughts can be found in such dances. In Japan, there are many young and elderly people who have no dancing experience participating in such community dance, and the chance of experiencing the fun of dance and joy of creation increases.

　　Schedule:

　　Time: May 30 14:30 Present situation of Japan contemporary dance

　　(Lecturer: Naomi Inata)

　　June 1st 14:30 What is community dance?

　　(Chief Lecturer: Naomi Inata, Guest Lecturer: Yamada Un)

　　Venue: Penghao Theatre

　　Language: Lecture in Japanese with Japanese-Chinese Consecutive interpretation.