LOT'S ESCAPE FROM A WICKED CITY
【譯】羅得逃離出一個邪惡的城市
【背景】本文選自《The Children's Bible》
【單詞】ESCAPE 原型：escape 動詞 ['skep] v. 逃跑；逃脫；逃避
【單詞】WICKED 原型：wicked 形容詞 ['wkd] adj. 壞的；邪惡的
【單詞】CITY 原型：city 名詞 ['sti] n. 城市；都市
【專有名詞】LOT 原型：Lot 人名 [lt] n. [聖經] 羅德
And Abraham went along with them to start them on their way.
【譯】亞伯拉罕和他們一起開始他們的行程。
【短語】went along with 原型：go along with 一起，同行；例句：I'll go along with you. 我將隨同你一起去。
【單詞】start 動詞 [stɑrt] v. 開始；出發
【專有名詞】Abraham ['ebrhm] n. [聖經]亞伯拉罕（基督教和伊斯蘭教的先知，是上帝從地上眾生中所揀選並給予祝福的人）
Jehovah said, "The complaint has come that the people of Sodom and Gomorrah have committed great and terrible sins.
【譯】Jehovah說，「有抱怨稱Sodom和Gomorrah那裡的人犯了很大的而且很嚴重的罪。
【時態】have(has) + 動詞的過去分詞 是動詞的「現在完成時」，這種時態主要用於表示 1.從過去某一事件發生到現在或將繼續持續下去；2.過去發生的事對現在造成的影響；3.表示現在已經完成的動作；例句：I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.這支鋼筆我只用過三次。它仍然是好的。
【單詞】complaint 名詞 [km'plent] n. 抱怨；訴苦；控告；投訴
【單詞】committed 原型：commit 動詞過去分詞 [k'mt] v. 犯罪
【單詞】terrible 形容詞 ['terbl] adj. 可怕的；極度的；糟糕的
【單詞】sins 原型：sin 名詞複數形式 [sn] n. 罪惡；罪孽；過失
【專有名詞】Jehovah [d'hv] n. [聖經]耶和華(指上帝)
【專有名詞】Sodom n. 罪惡之地
【專有名詞】Gomorrah n. 俄摩拉城(據《聖經·創始記》該城因居民罪惡深重被神毀滅)；罪惡之都
I will go down and see whether they have done exactly as the complaint comes to me; and if they have not, I will know." Then the men turned from there and looked off in the direction of Sodom.
【譯】我將下去看看他們的所作所為是否真的如抱怨所言；如果他們沒有這麼做，我會知道的。」他們人轉身，看向Sodom的方向。
【短語】look off 掉轉視線，把眼睛轉開；例句：You can look off to the side or straight ahead if you feel uncomfortable. 如果你覺得不舒服，可以看旁邊或者直視前方。
【單詞】whether 連詞 ['wer] conj. 是否；不管；無論
【單詞】exactly 副詞 [ɡ'zktli] adv. 精確地；確切地；完全地
【單詞】direction 名詞 [d'rekn] n. 方向
Then Abraham drew near to Jehovah and said, "Wilt thou sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
【譯】亞伯拉罕靠近Jehovah說道：「你要將義人和惡人一同除去嗎？
【短語】drew near 原型：draw near 臨近。靠近；例句：Christmas is drawing near. 聖誕節越來越近了。
【短語】sweep away 掃除，清除；例句：Let's sweep away the broken glass. 讓我們把這些碎玻璃掃走。
【單詞】Wilt 原型：wilt 助動詞 [wlt] aux. [古語] will 的第二人稱單數現在時陳述語氣(與thou連用)
【單詞】thou 代詞 [a] pron. [古語]你
【單詞】righteous 形容詞 ['rats] adj. 正直的；正義的
Suppose there are within the city fifty people who are righteous.
【譯】假設城裡有五十個人是正義的。
【單詞】Suppose 原型：suppose 動詞 [s'pz] vt. 假設；假定；認為
【單詞】within 介詞 [w'n] prep. 在(某段時間、距離或範圍)內；在…裡面
【單詞】fifty 修飾性數量詞 ['ffti] num. 五十
Wilt thou sweep away and not spare the place for the fifty righteous who are in it?
【譯】你要把他們都除去，不能為了他們而寬恕這個城市嗎？
【單詞】spare 動詞 [spe] v. 饒恕；寬恕
Far be it from thee to do this: to slay the righteous with the wicked!
【譯】你不可做這事，把義人連同惡人一起殺死！
【單詞】Far 原型：far 形容詞 [fɑ(r)] adj. 遠的
【單詞】thee 代詞 [i] pron. [古語]你
【單詞】slay 動詞 [sle] v. 殺害；殘殺
And that the righteous should be treated as the wicked, far be it from thee!
【譯】把義人當作惡人看待，你不可做這事！
【單詞】treated 原型：treat 動詞過去分詞 [trit] v. 對待；視為
Shall not the Judge of all the earth do what is just?" Jehovah said, "If I find in the city of Sodom fifty who are righteous, I will spare the whole place for their sake." Abraham answered, "I have dared to speak to Jehovah, even though I am but dust and ashes.
【譯】世間所有的審判官，不都應該做公正的事嗎？」Jehovah說，「如果我在Sodom城找到五十個義人，我就為了他們而饒恕那地方。」亞伯拉罕回答說，「我敢對Jehovah說，即使我僅僅是灰塵。
【短語】even though 是「儘管」的意思，為連詞，引導讓步狀語從句用於引導讓步狀語從句。如：He went out even though it was raining. 儘管在下雨，他還是出去了。even though與even if很多情況下可以互換，但是還是有一些細微的區別。even though 引導的從句內容往往是真實的，主要用於引出不利用於主句情況的信息，相當於漢語的「儘管」，「雖然」。如上面例句中。而even if 引導的從句是往往是假設性的，相當於漢語的「即使」，「縱然」，如：Even if it rains tomorrow, we won't change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我們也決不改變計劃。
【短語】for their sake 原型：for one's sake 為 ... 起見，為了 ... 好；例句：There is nothing that I will not brave for your sake. 為了你，我什麼風險都願冒。
【單詞】Judge 名詞 [dd] n. 法官；裁判
【單詞】earth 名詞 [θ] n. 地球；泥土；世間
【單詞】just 形容詞 [dst] adj. 公平的；公正的
【單詞】dared 原型：dare 動詞過去分詞 [de] vt. 敢；挑戰；冒...的風險 vi. 勇於；膽敢
【單詞】dust 名詞 [dst] n. 灰塵；塵土；粉塵
【單詞】ashes 原型：ash 名詞複數形式 [] n. 灰；灰燼
Suppose there be five lacking of the fifty righteous.
【譯】假設有四十五個正義的人。
【短語】lacking of 原型：lack of 缺乏，不足；例句：The flowers are wilting for lack of water. 這些花因缺水而漸漸枯萎。
Wilt thou sweep away all the city for lack of five?" Jehovah said, "I will not sweep it away, if I find forty-five there." Then Abraham spoke to him again, and said, "Suppose forty are found there?" He replied, "For the sake of forty I will not do it." Then Abraham said, "Oh, let not Jehovah be angry, but let me speak.
【譯】你要因為缺少五個而除掉整座城嗎？」Jehovah說：「我若在那裡見有四十五個，就不把它除去。」亞伯拉罕又對他說，「在那裡可以找到四十個呢？」他回答道：「我為這四十個人的緣故，就不作這事。」亞伯拉罕說：「耶和華阿，求你不要發怒，求你容我說。
【語法】let sb./sth. do sth. 讓某人（某物）做某事；例句：Don't let your temper run away with you. 要控制住自己，不要發脾氣。
【單詞】replied 原型：reply 動詞過去式 [r'pla] v. 回答；答覆；回應
【單詞】angry 形容詞 ['ɡri] adj. 生氣的；憤怒的
Suppose thirty are found there?" He answered, "I will not do it, if I find thirty there." Then Abraham said, "Thou seest that I have dared to speak to Jehovah.
【譯】假設發現有三十個呢？」他回答說，「我不會做，如果我能找到三十個。」亞伯拉罕說，「你看，我敢對Jehovah說。
【單詞】seest v. [古語]看；看到
Suppose twenty are found there?" He replied, "For the sake of twenty I will not destroy it." Then Abraham said, "Oh, let not Jehovah be angry, but let me speak just once more.
【譯】假設在那兒發現了二十個呢？」他回答說：「為這二十，我必不毀滅它。」亞伯拉罕說，願耶和華不要發怒，求你容我再說一次。
【單詞】destroy 動詞原形 [d'str] v. 破壞；殺死；摧毀
【單詞】once 副詞 [wns] adv. 一次
Suppose ten are found there?" And he said, "For the sake of the ten I will not destroy it." Then Jehovah went his way, and Abraham returned home.
【譯】假設發現有十個？」他說：「為十人的緣故，我必不毀滅它。」Jehovah就離開，亞伯拉罕回了家。
【單詞】returned 原型：return 動詞過去式 [r'tn] v. 返回；歸還
Two angels in human form came to Sodom in the evening, as Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom.
【譯】兩個天使以人類的形態晚上到了Sodom，羅得正坐在Sodom城門口。
【單詞】angels 原型：angel 名詞複數形式 ['endl] n. 天使
【單詞】form 名詞 [frm] n.形式；形態
【單詞】gate 名詞 [ɡet] n. 大門；出入口
When Lot saw them, he rose up to meet them, and he bowed with his face to the earth and said, "Sirs, turn aside, I beg of you, into your servant's house and spend the night and wash your feet; then you can rise up early and go on your way." They said, "No, we will spend the night in the street." But he urged them so strongly that they went with him and entered his house.
【譯】當羅德看見他們，就站起來迎接，他臉伏於地說：「先生們，轉向一邊，我求你，去你僕人的家，洗洗腳並在那裡過夜；清早起來再走。」他們說，「不，我們要在街上過夜。」但他敦促他們如此強烈，他們便和他一起走到他屋裡。
【句型】so...that... 意為「如此...以至於...」。so後面加形容詞或副詞，that後表示結果.比如：I am so tired that I want to sleep right away. 我太累了,想立即休息。
【短語】rise up 起身。例句：Older people incline to rise up early. 老年人常常起得早。
【單詞】meet 動詞 [mit] v. 遇見
【單詞】bowed 原型：bow 動詞過去式 [ba] v. 鞠躬；致敬
【單詞】aside 副詞 ['sad] adv. 在一邊
【單詞】servant 名詞 ['svnt] n. 僕人
【單詞】spend 動詞 [spend] v. 度過
【單詞】wash 動詞 [w] v. 洗；洗滌；洗清
【單詞】urged 原型：urge 動詞過去式 [d] v. 極力主張
【單詞】strongly 副詞 [strli] adv. 強有力地；激烈地
【單詞】entered 原型：enter 動詞過去式 ['ent] v. 進入
And he made a feast for them and baked bread made without yeast, and they ate.
【譯】他為他們作了筵席，烤了不含酵母的餅，他們吃了這些。
【單詞】feast 名詞 [fist] n. 宴會；酒席
【單詞】baked 原型：bake 動詞 [bek] v. 烤；烘焙
【單詞】bread 名詞 [bred] n. 麵包
【單詞】yeast 名詞 [jist] n. 酵母；發酵劑
【單詞】ate 原型：eat 動詞過去式 [it] v. 吃
But before they had lain down, the people of Sodom, both young and old, all the people from every quarter, surrounded the house.
【譯】但是在他們睡下之前，Sodom的人，包括年輕的和年老的，從四面八方來的所有人，包圍了這幢房子。
【單詞】lain 原型：lie 動詞過去分詞 [la] v. 躺下
【單詞】quarter 名詞 ['kwt] n. 地區；方向
【單詞】surrounded 原型：surround 動詞過去式 [s'rand] vt. 包圍；環繞
And they called out to Lot, "Where are the men who came in to you tonight?
【譯】他們對羅得喊道：「今晚到你這裡來的人到哪裡去了？」
【短語】called out to 原型：call out to 向 ...大聲喊；例句：I tried to call out to him through the window. 我試圖從窗戶裡叫住他。
【單詞】tonight 名詞 ['tn'at] n. 今晚
Bring them out to us that we may do to them what we desire." Then Lot went out to them at the entrance of his house, but he shut the door after him.
【譯】把他們帶出來，我們就可以照我們所願的待他們。」 羅得向外朝他們走過去，走到門口卻關上了身後的門。
【語法】what 常用來引導名詞性從句，即主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。what在引導名詞性從句時有兩個重要的特點： 一是它在相應的名詞性從句中一定有含義，常表示「什麼」，「所...的」，「...的樣子」等； 二是它在相應的名詞性從句中一定做成分，而且常做主語，賓語或表語。例如：做句子的主語：What you have done might do harm to other people. 你所做的事情可能對其他人有害。 作句子的表語：He is not what he used to be. 他已不是從前的他了。
【單詞】Bring 原型：bring 動詞原形 [br] v. 帶來
【單詞】desire 動詞 [d'zar] v. 渴望；要求
【單詞】entrance 名詞 ['entrns] n. 入口
【單詞】shut 原型：shut 動詞過去式 [t] v. 關閉；合攏
And he said, "I beg of you, my friends, do not do what is wrong.
【譯】他說：「我的朋友們，我懇求你們，不要做錯誤的事。
【單詞】wrong 形容詞 [r] adj. 錯誤的；不適當的；不道德的
Do nothing to these men, for they have come under the shadow of my roof." But they replied, "Stand back, or we will treat you worse than them." And they pressed hard against Lot and advanced to break the door.
【譯】你們不能動這些人，因為他們來到了我的屋簷下。」但是他們回答說：「退後，不然我們要對你更糟。」他們就把羅德重重地擠開，闖了進去。
【語法】形容詞或副詞比較級 + than，是「比...更...」的意思；例句：He is younger than me.他比我（更）年輕；He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。
【語法】worse than 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than，是「比...更...」的意思；例句：He is younger than me. 他比我（更）年輕。He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。
【單詞】shadow 名詞 ['d] n. 影子；陰影；蔭
【單詞】roof 名詞 [ruf] n. 屋頂
【單詞】treat 動詞 [trit] v. 對待；處理
【單詞】worse 原型：bad 副詞比較級 [bd] adv. 不好地
【單詞】pressed 原型：press 動詞過去式 [pres] v. 按；壓；逼迫
【單詞】advanced 原型：advance 動詞過去式 [d'vɑns] v. 前進；上前
But the men reached out and drew Lot to them into the house and shut the door.
【譯】那兩人就伸手把羅德拉到屋裡，把門關上。
【短語】reached out 原型：reach out 伸出，伸出手；例句：Reached out an arm. 伸出一隻手臂
Then they smote the men who were at the door of the house, both small and great, with blindness, so that they grew tired of searching for the door.
【譯】那些人打了在屋門口的人，老的少的，以及盲人，所以，他們慢慢厭倦了尋找門。
【短語】be tired of 表示「對……感到厭倦」，後接名詞或者動名詞。如：Are you tired of hearing this? 你是否已經厭倦了這個老話題？
【短語】search for 搜尋，尋找；例句：He is on a perpetual search for truth. 他始終在尋求真理。
【固定用法】so that既可以引導目的狀語從句，也可以引導結果狀語從句。在引導目的狀語從句時，可以由in order that代替。在目的狀語從句中，so that之前不用逗號，而在結果狀語從句中，so that之前則往往要用逗號；另外，目的狀語從句中的so that一般不可省去that，而結果狀語從句中的so that則可省去that而意義不變。如：1) We arrived early so that we could get good seats.（so that在此引導一個目的狀語從句，請注意目的狀語從句常用can/could，may/might，will/would，should等助動詞和情態動詞）2) We arrived early, so (that) we got good seats.（so [that]在此引導一個結果狀語從句。請注意結果狀語從句往往不用目的狀語從句所常用的助動詞和情態動詞）
【單詞】smote 原型：smite 動詞過去式 [smat] v. 打；重擊
【單詞】blindness 名詞 ['blandns] n. 失明
Then the men said to Lot, "Have you any one else here?
【譯】然後這兩人就對羅得說：「你這兒還有其他人嗎？」
【單詞】else 副詞 [els] adv. 其他；此外
Bring your sons-in-law, your sons, and daughters, and whoever you have in the city out of this place, for we are about to destroy it, because great complaint concerning the people has come to Jehovah and he has sent us to destroy it." So Lot went out and said to his sons-in-law, "Up, go out of this place, for Jehovah will destroy the city." But his sons-in-law thought he was only jesting.
【譯】帶上你的女婿，你的兒子和女兒，還有這個城市裡所有和你有關係的人，離開這個地方，我們要毀滅掉它，因為Jehovah聽到了對這裡人們的極大的抱怨，他便差遣我們來摧毀它。」羅得就出去，告訴他的女婿，「起來，離開這地方，因為Jehovah要毀滅這城。」但是他的女婿卻以為他只是開玩笑。
【短語】be about to 即將，打算；例句：He was about to start. 他即將動身。
【單詞】sons-in-law 原型：son-in-law 名詞複數形式 [sn n l] n. 女婿
【單詞】whoever 代詞 [hu'ev] pron. 無論誰；任何人
【單詞】destroy 動詞 [d'str] v. 破壞；摧毀
【單詞】concerning 原型：concern 動詞動名詞 [kn'sn] vt. 涉及；關係到
【單詞】sent 原型：send 動詞過去分詞 [send] vt. 發送；派遣
【單詞】jesting 原型：jest 動詞進行時 [dest] v. 開玩笑
When the dawn appeared, the angels urged Lot, saying, "Get up, take your wife and your two daughters that you may not be swept away in the punishment of the city." When he hesitated, the men took him by the hand and led him and his wife and his two daughters outside the city, for Jehovah was merciful to him.
【譯】當黎明來臨時，兩個使催促羅得說：「起來，帶著你的妻子和兩個女兒，在對這個城市進行懲罰時你們就不會被衝走。」在羅德猶豫時，他們拉著他的手，領著他和他的妻子和他的兩個女兒出了城，因為Jehovah對他仁慈。
【單詞】dawn 名詞 [dn] n. 黎明；曙光
【單詞】appeared 原型：appear 動詞過去式 ['p] vi. 出現
【單詞】urge 動詞 [rd] v. 力勸；催促
【單詞】punishment 名詞 ['pnmnt] n. 懲罰
【單詞】hesitated 原型：hesitate 動詞過去式 ['heztet] vi. 猶豫
【單詞】led 原型：lead 動詞過去式 [lid] v. 引導；帶領
【單詞】merciful 形容詞 ['msfl] adj. 仁慈的；寬大的
When they had brought them outside, they said, "Run for your life; do not look behind you nor stay anywhere in the plain.
【譯】這兩個天使領他們出去的時候，說道：「你們快跑吧，不要回頭看，也不要在平原的任何地方停留。
【單詞】nor 連詞 [n] conj. 也不
【單詞】anywhere 副詞 ['eniwe] adv. 任何地方
【單詞】plain 名詞 [plen] n. 平原；廣闊的區域
Escape to the heights, that you may not be swept away!" But Lot said to them, "Oh, sirs, not so!
【譯】逃到高處，這樣你們就不會被衝走！」但是羅得對他們說：「哦，先生，不是這樣的！
【語法】that可以引導名詞性從句、定語從句；引導名詞性從句時(即主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)，that在從句中無具體含義，只起連接作用，而且在從句中也不作任何句子成分；它所引導的從句的句子結構和意義是完整的，而且從句一般是陳述一個事實。例如: That she was able to come made us very happy. 她能來使我們很高興。The news that our team has won the match is true. 我們隊贏了這場比賽的消息是真的. 當that引導的主語從句或賓語從句太長時，常用it作形式主語或賓語而把that從句放在後面；例如: It is well-known that the earth is round. 眾所周知,地球是圓的。that引導定語從句要注意，如果定語從句中缺主語，修飾人時用who/that，修飾物時用which/that引導；例如:Is this the factory which/that makes TV sets? 這是生產電視機的工廠嗎？如果定語從句中缺賓語，修飾人時用 who/whom/that或省略引導詞；修飾物時用which/that或省略引導詞；例如：Gone are the days which/that we spent together in the village. 逝去的是我們一同在鄉村的時光。
【單詞】height 名詞 [hat] n. 高處
See, your servant has found favor with you, and you have shown great mercy to me in saving my life.
【譯】看哪，你的僕人得寵於你，你就大大的憐憫我並救了我的命。
【短語】found favor with 原型：find favor with 得寵於人，得人好感；例句：Now computers find favor with customers. 例：現在電腦在顧客中很吃香。
【單詞】favor 名詞 ['fev] n. 偏愛；好意
【單詞】mercy 名詞 ['msi] n. 仁慈；憐憫；恩惠
【單詞】saving 原型：save 動詞動名詞 [sev] v. 救
I cannot escape to the heights, lest some evil overtake me, and I die.
【譯】我不能逃到高處，免得有災禍追上我，我就死了。
【單詞】lest 連詞 [lest] conj. 惟恐；以免；擔心
【單詞】evil 名詞 ['ivl] n. 邪惡；罪惡；災禍
【單詞】overtake 動詞 [v'tek] v. 趕上；突然來襲
See now, this village is near enough to run to, and it is small.
【譯】現在看，跑去這個村子已經夠近了，而且很小。
【單詞】village 名詞 ['vld] n. 村莊，鄉村，村
Oh, let me escape there, and my life will be saved." Jehovah said to him, "I have also granted you this favor, in that I will not destroy the village of which you have spoken.
【譯】噢，讓我逃到那裡去吧，那樣我也能活命。」 Jehovah說：「我也將這恩惠賜給你們，因為我必不毀滅你所說的村莊。
【短語】in that 因為；例句：He didn't attend the negotiation in that he was ill. 他因為有病，沒有參加談判。
【單詞】granted 原型：grant 動詞過去分詞 [ɡrɑnt] v. 授予；同意
Make haste, escape to it, for I can do nothing until you arrive there." The sun had risen when Lot came to Zoar.
【譯】趕快，逃到那兒去，因為只有你到了那裡我才能開始行動。「 當羅得到達Zoar時，太陽已經升起。
【單詞】haste 名詞 [hest] n. 急速；急忙
【單詞】risen 原型：rise 動詞過去分詞 [raz] vi. 上升；升起
【專有名詞】Zoar n. [聖經]避難所
Then Jehovah caused brimstone and fire from heaven to rain upon Sodom and Gomorrah, and he destroyed those cities and all the plain, with all the people who lived in it and all that grew on the ground.
【譯】然後Jehovah使得硫磺與火從天上傾注到Sodom和Gomorrah，他摧毀了那些城和所有平原，包括所有住在城裡的人和地上生長的所有東西。
【單詞】caused 原型：cause 動詞過去式 [kz] vt. 引起；使發生
【單詞】brimstone 名詞 ['brmstn] n. 硫黃
【單詞】heaven 名詞 ['hevn] n. 天空；天堂
【單詞】ground 名詞 [ɡrand] n. 地面
But Lot's wife, who was following him, looked back, and she became a pillar of salt.
【譯】但是羅得的妻子跟隨著他，回頭望了一下，就成了一個鹽柱。
【單詞】following 原型：follow 動詞進行式 ['fl] v. 跟隨
【單詞】pillar 名詞 ['pl] n. 柱子；支柱
【單詞】salt 名詞 [slt] n. 鹽
Early in the morning Abraham rose and went to the place where he had stood before Jehovah; and as he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the plain, he saw the smoke of the land going up as the smoke of a smelting-furnace.
【譯】早上，亞伯拉罕起身走到他之前站在耶和華面前的地方；當他看向Sodom和Gomorrah以及所有的平原，他看到從地面上升起的煙霧就像冶煉爐裡的煙。
【單詞】toward 介詞 [t'wd] prep. 向；朝
【單詞】smoke 名詞 [smk] n. 煙
【單詞】smelting-furnace 名詞 [s'meltf'ns] n. 冶煉爐