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各位書友，本月將共讀《Zero to One》。該書是關於如何創建創新公司的，主要基於作者彼得·蒂爾作為PayPal和帕蘭提爾公司創始人，以及Facebook和太空探索技術公司等上百家初創公司投資者的經驗寫就。
貼心提示： 成功人士總能在意想不到的地方發現價值，他們遵循的是基本原則，而非秘籍。
今天我們一起閱讀第一章，完成《Zero to One》的1-11頁。
在什麼重要的問題上，你與其他人看法不同？
Question:
「What important truth do very few people agree with you on?」
歡迎大家給後臺留言，文字語音都可以，中文英文均不限。
01 THE CHALLENGE OF THE FUTURE
「What important truth do very few people agree with you on?」
This question sounds easy because it ’s straightforward. Actually, it’s very hard to answer.
「在什麼重要問題上，你與其他人有不同看法？」
知之非難，行之不易。這個不繞彎子的問題聽上去似乎容易回答，其實不然。
It’s intellectually difficult，and it’s psychologically difficult because anyone trying to answer must say something she knows to be unpopular. Brilliant thinking is rare, but courage is in even shorter supply than genius.
它挑戰智力、心理。因為每位應答者都需要尋找一個非從眾答案。精妙答案少，而相較於智慧，勇氣更為匱乏。
Most commonly, I hear answers like the following:
A 「Our educational system is broken and urgently needs to be fixed.」
B 「America is exceptional.」
C 「There is no God.」
通常回答有三：
A 我們的教育體制存在弊端，亟待改革。
B 美國是非凡的。
C 世界上不存在上帝。
A and B might be true, obviously many people already agree with them.
C simply takes one side in a familiar debate.
Those are bad answers.
A和B的陳述可能是對的，並且眾人贊同。
C 指示簡單套用了常見辯論中一方觀點。
這些回答都不妥。
A good answer could be the following form:
「Most people believe in X, but the truth is the opposite of X.」
高端大氣上檔次的回答應該是：
大多數人相信X，但事實卻是X的對立面。
針對這個反主流問題的多數回答都是基於現在，而好的回答應該能展望未來。就如同我們所知：世界必然會變得不同，當變化必須給予當今世界。
02 ZERO TO ONE: THE FUTURE OF PROGRESS
When we think about the future, we hope for a future of progress. That progress can take FORM 1-Horizontal progress or FORM2-Vertical progress.
展望未來，我們所期待的進步模式有兩種：一是水平進步，也稱廣泛進步；二是垂直進步，也稱深入進步。
FORM 1-Horizontal progress is easy to imagine because we already know what it looks like. Horizontal or extensive progress means copying things that work—going from 1 to n.
進步模式1：水平進步易於想像，不過就是複製，從1到n。
FORM2-Vertical progress is harder to imagine because it requires doing something nobody else has ever done.
進步模式2：垂直進步較難理解，從無到有，需要探索新的道路。
At the macro level, the single word for horizontal progress is globalization—taking things that work somewhere and making them work everywhere. China is the paradigmatic example of globalization; its 20-year plan is to become like the United States is today. The Chinese have been straightforwardly copying everything that has worked in the developed world: 19-century railroads, 20-century air conditioning, and even entire cities.
從宏觀層次看，水平進步就是全球化——將有用之物推廣到全世界。中國是全球化的範例。19世紀的鐵路、20世紀的空調，甚至整個城市……中國的拿來主義，使中國建設突飛猛進。但是，不可否認，這依然是在複製。
The single word for vertical, 0 to 1 progress is technology. The rapid progress of information technology in recent decades has made Silicon Valley the capital of 「technology」 in general.
垂直進步即是科技，從0到1。信息技術的迅猛發展，為矽谷加冕「科技之都」。
Globalization and technology are different modes of progress, it’s possible to have both, either, or neither at the same time. The best example, 1815 to 1914 was a period of both rapid technological development and rapid globalization.
全球化和科技是不同方式進步，可能同時存在，也可能存在其一，或是都不存在。最好的例子莫如，1815-1914年間，科技迅猛發展，全球化迅速漫延。
Peter Thiel firmly believed that most people think the future of the world will be defined by globalization, but the truth is that technology matters more.
What do you think?
彼得·蒂爾說：全球化將決定未來，但是科技更有影響力。
書友，你們怎麼看？
Two examples:
----Without technological change, if China doubles its energy production over the next two decades, it will also double its air pollution.
----If every one of India’s hundreds of millions of households were to live the way Americans already do—using only today’s tools—the result would be environmentally catastrophic.
如下兩個舉例：
--沒有科技創新，也許中國能源產量在未來20年加倍，但造成的空氣汙染同樣也會加倍。
--如果印度億萬家庭都像現在美國家庭那樣生活--只用現代工具，但是結果卻是對環境毀滅性的破壞。
03 STARTUP THINKING
A startup has to do:
Question received ideas and rethink business from scratch.
質疑現有觀念，從零開始審視自身。
A new company’s most important strength is new thinking:
Even more important than nimbleness, small size affords space to think.
小規模，大空間。新思想比靈活性更重要。對於初創公司來說，創新是重中之重。
Bureaucratic hierarchies move slowly, and entrenched interests shy away from risk. In the most dysfunctional organizations, signaling that work is being done becomes a better strategy for career advancement than actually doing work.
(If this describes your company, you 『d better quit now.)
從另一個極端來說，官僚階級層行動遲緩，效率低下，既得利益者不願冒險。在功能失調的組織中，「裝裝樣子」比「挽起袖子」更容易獲得晉升。針對這一情況，彼得·蒂爾給出了良心建議——如果公司如此，不如歸去。
本月共讀《Zero to One》英文版，長按圖片立即加入！
加入英語共讀，打開通往世界的窗戶
每月共讀一本英文原著，一年共讀十二本英文原著
1.01的365次方=37.78343433289 >>>1
1的365次方=1
0.99的365次方= 0.02551796445229 <<<1
每天進步0.01，願一年後的你，感謝今天的自己
—共讀書籍簡介—
《Zero to One》涉及哲學、歷史、經濟等多元領域，解讀世界運行的脈絡，分享商業與未來發展的落實。該書將幫助我們思考從0到1的秘密，在意想不到之處發現價值與機會。
值得關注的是，這本《Zero to One》絕非學術討論或者思想大師們的論戰，自問世起，它的影響就迅速超越了投資圈，在美國亞馬遜圖書暢銷總榜上躋身前列。
點擊閱讀原文，購買京東自營《Zero to One》