口譯的真相
同傳口譯，是一種怎樣的體驗？
翻譯的高光時刻，也就是從事翻譯的最高境界，同時傳譯不僅僅意味著豐富的經驗和一流的水平，還意味著高收收入，有些同聲傳譯譯員一天的薪水甚至相當於一個白領一個月的收入。
那麼，這樣」光鮮體面「的背後，到底意味著什麼呢？
讓美蘇差點」打起來」的譯員
1956年，在莫斯科的一場外交招待會上，蘇聯領導人赫魯雪夫 對西方陣營國家的大使們說：
「Мы вас похороним!」
他的口譯員，將這句話英文譯為：」我們要將你們埋葬！「赫魯雪夫的這項聲明 震驚了整個西方世界，讓原本就處於冷戰期間的蘇聯和美國兩國的關係，更是進一步降到冰點。
in 1956，During a diplomatic reception in Moscow，Soviet Leader Nikita Khrushchev told Western Bloc ambassadors，His interpreter rendered that into English as ：「we will bury you。」 This statement sent shockwaves through the western world，Heightening the tension between the soviet union and the US。
有些人甚至認為，僅僅這一事件，就讓東西方關係整整倒退十年，後來才發現 口譯員對赫魯雪夫言論的翻譯 過於直譯，對照上下文，他的話應該被譯為：我們會活著 看你們自掘墳墓。意思是，共產主義會比資本主 維持得更長久。
Some believe this incident alone set east/west relations back a decade，As it turns out，khrushchev’s remark was translated a bit too literally Given the context，his words should have been rendered as：「We will live to see you buried」，Meaning that communism would outlast capitalism。
原本是個威脅性較低的言論，雖然赫魯雪夫的本意最終得到了澄清，但那段英文直譯所帶來的強烈衝擊甚至可能會導致整個世界走上核武戰爭的不歸路
A less threatening comment，Though the intended meaning was eventually clarified，The initial impact of Khrushchev’s apparent words。
日入鬥金的「高級職業
現如今，鑑於各國語言與文化交流的複雜性，此類誤解，為何卻沒有頻繁發生呢？這便要歸功於 口譯人員的技巧與訓練成為克服語言障礙的關鍵。
Put the world on a path that could have led to nuclear Armageddon，So now，given the complexities of language and cultural exchange.How does this sort of thing not happen all the time？Much of the answer lies with the skill and training of interpretersTo overcome language barriers.
歷史上，口譯主要是 連續傳譯或者交替傳譯,即 發言者講完一段 會停下讓口譯員翻譯以此方式交替進行,
但隨著無線電技術的問世一種全新的同聲傳譯系統在二戰期間，迅速發展起來.。
For most of history，interpretation was mainly done consecutively, With speakers and interpreters making pauses to allow each other to speak. But after the advent of radio technology, A new simultaneous interpretations system. Was developed in the wake of word war ll.
在同步模式下,在發言者說話的同時 口譯人員便對著麥克風進行實時的同步翻譯, 無需任何暫停, 聽眾可自行選擇語言 以耳機聽取口譯員的翻譯, 表面上看起來是無縫銜接,但是在幕後,口譯人員辛勤工作 以確保發言者的每個觀點都能得到明確傳達。
In the simultaneous mode, Interpreters instantaneously translate a speaker’s words,Into a microphone while he speaks. Without pauses, Those in the audience can choose the language in which they want to follow. On the surface，it all looks seamless, But behind the scenes, Human interpreters works incessantly to ensure every idea gets across as intended.
這可不是輕鬆的任務,即便是雙語流利的專業人士，也要經過整整兩年的訓練。去擴充詞彙量並掌握必要方法和技巧,才足以勝任會議的同聲傳譯員.
為訓練這種邊聽邊說 一心多用的「超自然的」能力, 口譯學員會跟著發言者, 用原語言跟讀，複述他們所說的每一個字, 練習一段時間後 再將發言者的原話改述, 並進行語言風格的調整, 之後，再以第二語言進行釋義。
And that is no easy task, It takes about two years of training for already fluent bilingual professionals, To expand their vocabulary and master the skills necessary, To become a conference interpreter. To get used to the unnatural task of speaking while they listen, Students shadow speakers. And repeat their every word exactly as heard in the same language, In time，they begin to paraphrase what is said, Making stylistic adjustments as they go, At some point，a second language is introduced.
口譯員運用這種方式練習 以創造全新的大腦思維方式, 再加上不懈的努力，逐漸使之成為習慣, 經過長時間的刻苦訓練, 在口譯員掌握大量方法和技巧後，便得以逐漸提速。
同時還能翻譯專業術語 並掌握大量不同口音, 他們可能會運用縮寫來記憶過長的名稱, 會使用大眾化詞語 而非專業術語. 或者運用幻燈片 和其他視覺輔助, 在找到最準確 最恰當的翻譯前, 他們甚至可以暫時保留原語言的字詞.
Practicing in this way creates new neural pathways in the interpreter’s brain, And the constant effort of reformulation gradually becomes second nature, Over time and through much hard work, The interpreter masters a vast array of tricks to keep up with speed.
Deal with challenging terminology，and handle a multitude of foreign accents, They may resort to acronyms to shorten long names. Choose generic terms over specific, Choose generic terms over specific，or refer to slides and other visual aides, They can even leave a term in the original language, While they search for the most accurate equivalent.
泰山壓頂也臨危不懼的鎮定
口譯員，擁有面對混亂場面 也能沉著冷靜，泰然自若的本領。要知道，口譯員無法掌握 哪位發言者會說些什麼內容,也無法掌握，他們的發言是否清晰流利,意外隨時都可能發生,此外，他們通常要在成千上萬人參加的會議中,或者很有壓迫感的環境裡，做現場口譯。
nterpreters are also skilled at keeping aplomb in the face of chaos, Remember，they have no control over who is going to say what, Or how articulate the speaker will sound, A curveball can be thrown at any time, Also，they often performance to thousands of people, And in very intimidating setting.
比如 聯合國大會.為保證自己情緒平穩. 每項口譯任務前，他們都會認真做好準備：
提前積累專業術語的詞彙表.
大量閱讀相關題材.
並溫習相關主題的演講內容.
通常是兩位口譯員共同配合工作. 在其中一人忙著進行實時翻譯的時候. 另一位會在旁提供支援。
如查找文件和詞彙, 並搜尋相關參考信息, 因為同聲傳譯需要超高強度的專注力, 每隔半小時，兩位口譯員會角色互換, 成功與否 在很大程度上依賴與彼此的默契配合.
Like the UN General Assembly, To keep their emotions in check, The carefully prepare for an assignment. Building glossaries in advance, Reading voraciously about the subject matter,And reviewing previous talks on the topic, Finally，interpreters work in pairs, While one colleague is busy translating incoming speeches in real time , The other gives support by locating documents，looking up words. And tracking down pertinent information, Because simultaneous interpretation requires intense concentration, Every 30 minutes，the pair switches roles, Success is heavily dependent on skillful collaboration.
語言很複雜, 當一些抽象概念或者細微差別的概念被誤解時, 後果可能會是災難性的.正如瑪格麗特·阿特伍德的名言：」溝通失效後 戰爭便一觸即發」, 會議口譯員，最能切身體會到這一點, 所以，他們便在幕後辛勤工作 以確保此事不會發生。
Language is complex, And when abstract or nuanced concepts get lost in translation, The consequences may be catastrophic. As Margaret at wood famously noted, War is what happens when language fails, Conference interpreters of all people are aware of that And work diligently behind the scenes to make sure it never does.
一位業內口譯員分享說：」翻譯是個充滿遺憾的工作 因為話一出口就沒有回頭，所以儘量讓自己少遺憾。」
在這些工作表面的高級之下，必定擁有著強悍的意志力，金字塔尖也並非常人所能及呀。