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Unit 4

THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN』T SLEEP

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water. At about 3：00 a.m., on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.At 3：42 a.m.，everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even caused damage more than150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane. Slowly，the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.

TSUNAMI HITS ASIA: OVER 6, 500 DEAD

 

By Robert Woodhouse  Monday, 27 December 2004The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coast lines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India,Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists,hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake struck around7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed.
In Sri Lanka,some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at2,498, and one million more were affected by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southerncoast. Another 254 were found dead in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. 「I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. We had to leave everything and run to safety,」 said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman.Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organised for the tsunami-hit countries. However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.

Unit 4

Words and Expressions

1.disaster / dɪˈzɑ:stə(r) / n.災難；災害
2. tornado /tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ / n.(pl. -oes or-os) 龍捲風；旋風
3.drought / draʊt / n.旱災；久旱
4.landslide / ˈlændslaɪd / n. ( landfall) (山地或懸崖的）崩塌；滑坡
5.slide / slaɪd / vi. &vt. (slid, slid) (使）滑行；滑動
6. tsunami / tsu:ˈnɑ:mi / 海嘯
7.flood / flʌd / n. 洪水；大量  vi.淹沒；大量湧入  vt使灌滿水；淹沒
8.volcanic eruption / vɔlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃən / 火山噴發
9. magnitude / ˈmægnɪtju:d / n. (地）震級；重大
10. rescue / ˈreskju: / n.&vt. 營救；救援

11. damage / ˈdæmɪdʒ / vt. 損害；破壞 n.損壞；損失
12.destroy/dɪ’strɔɪ/ vt. 摧毀；毀滅
13.evacuate / ɪˈvækjueɪt / vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤離
14.helicopter / ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升機
15. death/ deθ/ n. 死；死亡
16.affect /ə』fekt/ vt. 影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動
17．shelter/』ʃeltə/  n.避難處；居所；庇護 vt.保護；掩蔽
    vi. 躲避（風、雨或危險）
18. crack /kræk/ n.裂紋；裂縫 vi. &vt. (使）破裂
19.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
20.ruin /』ru:ɪn/ n. &vt. 破壞；毀壞  in ruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪

21.percent / pəˈsent / n. 百分之 ….
22.brick /brɪk/ n. 磚；磚塊
23.metal /’metl/ n. 金屬
24.shock /ʃɒk/ n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克 vt (使）震驚
25.electricity / ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti / n.電；電能
26.trap /træp/ vt. 使落入險境；使陷入圈套 n. 險境；陷阱
27. bury / ˈberi / vt. 埋葬；安葬
28.breathe / bri:ð / vi.&vt.呼吸
29.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi復活；（使）甦醒
30.revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振興；復甦

31.effort /』efət / n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力
32.unify / ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.&vt. 統一；（使）成一體
33.wisdom / ˈwɪzdəm / n. 智慧；才智
34.context/ ˈkɒntekst / n. 上下文；語境；背景
35.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) /  vt. 遭受；蒙受 vi. ( 因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦
suffer from 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
36.volcano / vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ / n. 火山
37.erupt / ɪˈrʌpt / vi.&vt. ( 火山）爆發；（巖漿、煙等）噴出
38.supply / səˈplaɪ / n.供應（量）；補給；[pl.] 補給品 vt. 供應；供給
39.typhoon / taɪˈfu:n / n.颱風
40.in the open air 露天；在戶外

41.hurricane / ˈhʌrɪkən / n . ( 尤指大西洋的）颶風
42. survive / səˈvaɪv/ vt. 倖存；艱難度過 vi.生存；存活
43. power / ˈpaʊə(r) / n.電力供應；力量；控制力
44. tap / tæp/ vi.&vt. 輕叩；輕敲；輕拍 n.水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲
45.pipe/ paɪp/ n.管子；管道
46.whistle / ˈwɪsl / vi.吹口哨；發出笛聲   vt.吹口哨   n. 哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲
47.emergency/ iˈmɜ:dʒənsi / n. 突發事件；緊急情況
48. calm / kɑ:m /  adj.鎮靜的；沉著的  vt. 使平靜；使鎮靜
48.aid / eɪd /  n.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt. (formal) 幫助；援助
49.kit / kɪt / n. 成套工具；成套設備
   firstaid kit 急救箱
50. on hand現有（尤指幫助）

51.crash / kræʃ/ vi.&vt. 碰撞；撞擊 n. 撞車；碰撞
55. sweep /swi:p/ vt.&vi. ( swept,swept) 打掃；清掃
   sweepaway消滅；徹底消除
56.wave / weɪv / n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt. 揮手；招手
57. strike / straɪk / vi.&vt. (struck,struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打
              n. 罷工；罷課；襲擊
58.deliver/ dɪˈlɪvə(r) / vt.& vi.遞送；傳達 vt. 發表
59. summary /ˈsʌməri / n. 總結；概括；概要
60.effect / ɪˈfekt / n.影響；結果；效果
61.length/ leŋθ/ n.長；長度