上幾期學習了英語語法:have been to與have gone to、瞬間動詞和持續性動詞1-2 。本期學習英語語法:瞬間動詞和持續性動詞用法3。
瞬間動詞和持續性動詞
(3)瞬間動詞不能與「for+一段時間」連用,表示動作的持續性,應該改成持續性動詞。比如:
√I have bought a calculator.
我已經買了一個計算器。
×I have bought the calculator.
√I have had the calculator for a week.
我買這個計算器已有一個星期了。
下面是一些瞬間動詞、持續性動詞與現在完成時和一般過去時的連用例子:
James has had the watch for a month.
詹姆士買這個手錶一個月了。
James bought the watch a month ago.
詹姆士一個月前買的手錶。
My brother has been in the army for some time.
我兄弟參軍有一段時間了。
My brother joined the army some time ago.
我兄弟是一段時間以前參的軍。
He has been away for two days.
他離開兩天了。
He left two days ago.
他離開兩天了。
The old man has been dead for ten years.
老人死了十年了。
The old man died ten years ago.
老人十年前去世了。
She has been here for a while.
她到這兒有些時間了。
She came here a while ago.
她剛到這兒。
Nick has been a soldier for a year.
尼克當兵一年了。
Nick became a soldier a year ago.
尼克當兵一年了。
I have known him for five years.
我認識他五年了。
I met him five years ago.
我五年前認為了他。
He has been up for half an hour.
他起床半小時了。
He got up half an hour ago.
他半小時前起了床。
但是瞬間動詞的否定結構可以與「for+一段時間」連用,說明某動動作不發生的狀態可以持續一段時間。例如:
I haven’t met my teacher of English for a year.
我有一年沒見到我的英語老師了。
He hasn’t returned to his hometown for about ten years.
他約有十年沒有回家鄉了。
We haven’t heard from him for a long time.
我們好長時間沒收到他的信了。
歡迎轉發~~~發動大家來做作業,學英語~
英語作業20180829
一、用動詞的適當形式填空。
1. — ___ my son ___ (work) hard this term?
— Oh,yes, he ___ (try) his best now.
2. All work and no play ___ (make) Jack a dull boy.
3. What ad irty hotel! I ___ (never, stay) at a dirtier hotel.
4.The maths exam turned out to be harder than I ___ (expect).
5.I ___ (just,be) to be the X ray. My lungs look fine.
參考答案:
1. Is … working,is trying 2. makes 3. have never stayed 4. had expected 5. have just been
二、分析句子的語法結構,並譯成中文。
1. What a dirty hotel! I have never stayed at a dirtier hotel.
2. China is mulling scrapping its controversial birth restrictions, reversing nearly four decades of family planning policies as birth rates fall.【The Guardian】
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