每次碰上流程圖,可能很多考生還是沒有什麼思路。這主要跟流程圖的圖形特點有關。一直以來,雅思對流程圖的考察的內容一直是比較的靈活,可以說內容從工業流程到大自然中的自然現象比如說水循環都有所涉及,所以考生所面臨的最大的問題就是詞彙量。很多的一些專有名詞考生都不太了解,而且當這些名詞不清楚意思的時候,考生就會對整個圖的理解產生歧義,對整個圖的描述也就無從談起了。所以,這裡建議考生應該把所有的流程圖匯總出來,把流程圖中經常出現的詞彙的意思弄清楚。因為,畢竟這些詞出現在其他的流程圖裡的機率非常大。那麼,在基本搞清楚流程圖的意思後,該如何進行寫作呢?在下面,瑟夫老師提供了一篇詳細的範文來進行講解,希望對學生有更好的啟示和幫助。
針對這個流程圖,朗閣海外研究中心的專家們提供的範文如下:
The flow chart depicts the process of brick manufacturing.
The entire process consists of seven stages. In the first step, such construction machines as diggers are used to excavate clay under the ground. Given the varying sizes of clay, a metal grid is then used to separate large clay blocks from smaller ones that are then placed on the roller. As soon as the separation is accomplished/finished, sand and water are then added to the clay. There are two ways to convert the mixture into bricks: the larger blocks of clay is broken down by wirecutter into pieces of bricks while the smaller ones are placed in a mould that produces bricks of a fixed shape and dimension.
However, the water content inside the bricks is far higher above the requirements. Therefore, piles of bricks are placed inside the drying oven for 24 to 48 hours. After the bricks are totally dried, they will then be subjected to heating in a kiln. During the heating process, the temperature inside the kiln rises from 200 degrees to as high as 1300 degrees. The resulting bricks are then moved to the cooling chamber and stay there for 48-72 hours.
Finally, the successfully manufactured bricks are then packaged and loaded onto trucks to be delivered to the construction site.
範文分析和應對策略
針對流程圖詞彙的問題,這裡能給學生最好的建議就是將往年的流程圖以及模擬題中的流程圖找出來,了解每個詞在圖裡的代表意義。其實,退一步說,考官並不是非常在乎考生是否真的了解了圖的內容,因為裡面的信息畢竟非常專業。考官更想考察就是考生是如何將這些複雜的步驟一步一步清晰的說明清楚的,所以流程圖寫的好的文章往往是把握住了這個要點,那就是不同步驟之間的有序連接。範文中的標紅部分都是連接的話,大致可分為三類:第一,就是考生們熟悉的連詞比如說"Finally"。從這篇範文中考生們也發現了,這裡基本用連詞非常少,因為連詞的連接是非常基礎,枯燥的,所以要少用;第二,就是重複上文。當考生不知道該以什麼方式引出下面的步驟的時候,可以通過上文的同意轉換的重複來引出下文,比如說"Afterbricks are totally dried". 這裡再加上一個時間詞就比較恰當了。第三種方式是給出下面一個步驟的原因,比如說「However, thewater content inside the bricks is far higher above the requirements"。這句話就說明了下面一個drying步驟的原因是什麼,就是水分太多。總結起來,流程圖之間的步驟連接主要以這三種方式為主。只要學生看懂了圖片的內容,結合這三種連接方式,相信流程圖並沒有想像的那麼難。