猜詞-講義
定義，對比，相似，因果，舉例，構詞，語境，常識
一，考綱解讀
猜測詞義題： 詞義猜測能力是英語高考閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，是歷年高考中的必考題型，主要考查對文中關鍵詞語（實詞、短語、指代關係等）的理解。而且，所考查的詞或短語的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據語境來判斷。
二，Question Form（問題形式）
1.對考綱外生詞的猜測
The underlined word "cultivated" ( paragraph 1 ) roughly means ______.
2.對考綱內熟詞新義的猜測
The underlined word 「hit」 (paragraph 1 ) roughly means______
3.對代詞的猜測
The underlined part 「it」 (in Para. 4) refers to______.
4.對句義的猜測
When I got back out into the street, the world seemed brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient legend
三，猜詞技巧 八大技巧
1. Definition 定義法
一般通過定義、定語（從句）,同位語（從句）或由is， or， that is (to say), in other words， be called，be known as, be defined as等詞彙來表示來確定詞義。通過標點符號來下定義 使用破折號，引號，冒號，分號後的內容和引號括號中的內容
（1）定義：如：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.
分析：本句就是一個由is引起的下定義的句子，is後面的內容對前面生詞作了詳細註解，故不難猜出anneal是"使（金屬）退火"的意思。
【小試牛刀】 猜猜下面畫線單詞的意思
①Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
②It will be very hard but also very brittle — that is, it will break easily.
（2）定語從句
如：Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.
分析：非限制性定語從句修飾限定了先行詞的內容和範疇,因此根據後面的從句可猜測出florist的意思為___________.
（3）同位語 , ... , —
同位語是對其前的內容進行解釋說明的，所以，同位語也是猜測單詞詞義的一個好辦法。
如：Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
分析：同位語the study of the meaning of words解釋了Semantics的意思，因此可知，semantics的意思是"________」。
（4）自問自答
如：What is plagiarism? It is using others ideas and words without clearly mentioning where the information is from.
分析：本句使用了自問自答的方式解釋了單詞plagiarism的意思,指"不說明信息的出處就使用他人的觀點或話語"，由此可以猜出plagiarism的意思是_________。
（5）符號法
標點符號
冒號、破折號和括號等標點符號也可以表示解釋，能幫助我們猜測詞義。
如：You may borrow from the library any periodicals: News Weekly, Reader’s Digest, The New Yorkers.分析：冒號表示解釋，根據冒號後面所列舉的期刊可以猜出periodicals的意思是"_________________"。
此外，periodical是一個由period（名詞，時期）轉化而來的單詞，也可以根據構詞法猜出這個單詞的意思。
【典例】(2017·天津卷·C篇)...The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the "death valley" of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future....
46.What does the phrase "death valley" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A place where cars often break down.
B. A case where passing a law is impossible.
C. An area where no driving is permitted.
D. A situation where drivers』 role is not clear.
【解析】本題考查文章中短語death valley的含義。在這一句話後面使用了冒號，冒號後的內容對這個短語的意義予以解釋：能夠拖延無人駕駛未來的介於半自動駕駛和完全無人駕駛汽車之間的灰色區域。D。
【典例】（2017·江蘇卷·B篇）Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to embryonic learning（胎教），birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk: Ornithological Advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化). New|born chicks can then imitate their mom’s call within a few days of entering the world. ...
58.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means "".
A. be the worst B. be the best
C. be just as bad D. be just as gooddoor
【解析】在猜測短語rule the roost的意思時，我們可以注意到下文進行了舉例，根據例子可知，鳥類在幼崽孵化之前就進行胎教，可見鳥類對幼崽撫育之好。B。
【小試牛刀答案】 ①啞劇；②脆的，易碎的
2. Contrast 對比法
利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關係的詞（組）猜測詞義。
表示對比的詞有but, while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though, on the contrary等。
轉折關係
in contrast, on the contrary, unlike, however, but, despite, while等詞彙常常會被用來表示前後關係的轉折，其前後表示相反的意思。同樣，我們也可以根據其中一個詞彙來推知另一個表示相反意思的詞彙。如：
Like poles repel; unlike poles attract.
分析：這是一個典型的表示對比關係的句子，前後表達了相反的意思，還使用了反義對比的詞彙Like和unlike，由此可知，repel和attract的意思相反，repel在此表示"________"。
【小試牛刀】 （2）猜猜以下畫線單詞的意思
①Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast,is quite humble and modest.
②Our maths professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones, but we feel that they are intricate and hard to solve．
3. Similarity 相似法
利用同義詞、近義詞或詞組猜測詞義。什麼詞性的詞的同義詞近義詞
4. Cause and effect 因果法
從原因推測結果，從結果推測原因。
常用關聯詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so, so … that, such … that，therefore等)表示前因後果。
因果關係
英語中使用because, since, for, as, so, as a result, thus, therefore等詞彙表達因果關係，因為因與果具有直接聯繫，所以也可以用來猜測詞義。
如：Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
分析：根據原因狀語從句的內容（他不徵求別人的意見就作出決定）可以推斷出，生詞autocratic的意思是"_____________"。
There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.
分析：此句使用了結果狀語從句，根據主句的描述"許多示威者"，我們便可推知elbow的詞義為"_________________"。
【典例】...There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you』ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a pipe dreamfor most apple lovers who fall for it....
Q:What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
【解析】本題考查猜測短語a pipe dream的意思。本段講述了一種最好吃的蘋果，它被叫作Orleans Reinette，但其種植條件苛刻，所以愛吃的人很難得到。該短語前有明確的結果連詞so連接前後句，根據前面要求的條件可知，後面的a pipe dream表示"脫離實際的願望",與B項"徒勞的希望"意思一致。B。
1. 自創F.P詞彙記憶體系，詞彙分類口訣為FJD, LJZ, XCL, FSP分別對應否定詞，絕對詞，相對詞；邏輯詞，結論詞，前後綴；諧音詞，猜測詞，詞義類記，符號詞，熟詞生義，固定搭配；語法口訣；
2. 原創閱讀理解破題大法，適用於國內外輸入類考試（高考，四級，六級，雅思，託福，GRE）的閱讀部分；每個視頻都有配套講義及強化練習題；適用於國內外考試的長難句大法反轉省略；
完型填空九絕；短文改錯口訣；語法填空大法；作文大法；
3. 油管大型懸疑倫理動畫講解，英美文化分享；
4. 教授託福，雅思閱讀，聽力，口語；高考英語閱讀寫作聽力；英語科班，英法雙語，實戰翻譯，教雅思託福，高考英語，百變口音。
教學口號：
你來，敞開記憶裡遊蕩著的知識碎片；
我去，圍起星空下屹立著的才識堤壩；