生活中我們會發現自己的記憶力越來越差，巨大的學習、工作壓力、睡眠不足、焦慮、抑鬱等因素都會導致我們越來越健忘，但其實任何人通過訓練都可以擁有超凡的記憶力！
I'd like to invite you to close your eyes. Imagine yourself standing outside the front door of your home. I'd like you to notice the color of the door, the material that it's made out of. Now visualize a pack of overweight nudists on bicycles.請大家跟我一起閉上眼睛。想像一下你站在自己家門口的外面。請留心一下門的顏色以及門的材質。現在請想像一群超重的裸騎者。They are competing in a naked bicycle race, and they are headed straight for your front door. I need you to actually see this. They are pedaling really hard, they're sweaty, they're bouncing around a lot. And they crash straight into the front door of your home. Bicycles fly everywhere, wheels roll past you, spokes end up in awkward places. 正在進行一場裸體自行車賽，向你的前門直衝而來。儘量讓畫面想像得栩栩如生近在眼前，他們都在奮力地踩腳踏板，汗流浹背。路面非常顛簸，然後徑直撞進了你家前門，自行車四下飛散，車輪從你身旁滾過，輻條扎進了各種尷尬角落。Step over the threshold of your door into your foyer, your hallway, whatever's on the other side, and appreciate the quality of the light. The light is shining down on Cookie Monster. Cookie Monster is waving at you from his perch on top of a tan horse. It's a talking horse. 跨過門檻，進到門廳、走廊和門裡的其他地方。室內光線柔和舒適，光線灑在甜餅怪物身上。他坐在一匹棕色駿馬的馬背上，正向你招手。這匹馬會說話。You can practically feel his blue fur tickling your nose. You can smell the oatmeal raisin cookie that he's about to shovel into his mouth. Walk past him. Walk past him into your living room. In your living room, in full imaginative broadband, picture Britney Spears. She is scantily clad, she's dancing on your coffee table, and she's singing "Hit Me Baby One More Time." 你可以感覺到他的藍色鬃毛讓你鼻子發癢。你可以聞到他正要扔進嘴裡的葡萄燕麥曲奇的香氣。繞過他，繞過他走進客廳。站在客廳裡把你的想像力調到最大檔。想像小甜甜布蘭妮，她衣著暴露，在你咖啡桌上跳舞，並唱著"Hit Me Baby One More Time"。And then, follow me into your kitchen. In your kitchen, the floor has been paved over with a yellow brick road, and out of your oven are coming towards you Dorothy, the Tin Man, the Scarecrow and the Lion from "The Wizard of Oz," hand-in-hand, skipping straight towards you. Okay. Open your eyes.接下來，跟著我走進你的廚房。廚房的地面被一道黃磚路覆蓋，依次鑽出你的烤箱向你走來的是《綠野仙蹤》裡的多蘿西、鐵皮人、稻草人和獅子。他們手挽著手蹦蹦跳跳地向你走來。好了，睜開眼睛吧。I want to tell you about a very bizarre contest that is held every spring in New York City. It's called the United States Memory Championship. And I had gone to cover this contest a few years back as a science journalist, expecting, I guess, that this was going to be like the Superbowl of savants. This was a bunch of guys and a few ladies, widely varying in both age and hygienic upkeep.我要給你們講一個每年春天在紐約都會舉辦的奇異競賽，叫做全美記憶冠軍賽。幾年前我作為一名科技類記者去報導這項競賽。心裡想著，大概那兒得像怪才的"超級碗冠軍賽"一樣熱鬧吧。一大堆男人和屈指可數的女性，從小孩兒到老人，有些還不怎麼注意個人衛生。They were memorizing hundreds of random numbers, looking at them just once. They were memorizing the names of dozens and dozens and dozens of strangers. They were memorizing entire poems in just a few minutes. They were competing to see who could memorize the order of a shuffled pack of playing cards the fastest. 有的奮力在只看一次的情況下，記下上百個任意列出的數字。有的在努力記住成群的陌生人的名字。有的想在幾分鐘內努力背下整篇詩歌。還有的在比賽誰能以最快速度，記下一整副打亂的牌的順序。I was like, this is unbelievable. These people must be freaks of nature. And I started talking to a few of the competitors. This is a guy called Ed Cook, who had come over from England, where he had one of the best-trained memories. And I said to him, "Ed, when did you realize that you were a savant?" And Ed was like, "I'm not a savant. 我當時覺得，這太不可思議了。這些人肯定天賦異稟。所以我開始採訪參賽者，這位叫Ed Cook 是從英格蘭來的。他在那兒接受了最好的記憶訓練。我問他 "Ed 你是什麼時候開始意識到自己是記憶天才的?" Ed答道 「我並不是什麼專家。In fact, I have just an average memory. Everybody who competes in this contest will tell you that they have just an average memory. We've all trained ourselves to perform these utterly miraculous feats of memory using a set of ancient techniques, techniques invented 2,500 years ago in Greece, the same techniques that Cicero had used to memorize his speeches, that medieval scholars had used to memorize entire books." 其實我的記憶力很一般，來參賽的每一個人都會告訴你他們的記憶力只是一般水平。我們都在訓練自己後才能完成這些奇蹟般的記憶遊戲 。我們運用了一系列古老的技巧，這些技巧是希臘人在兩千五百年前發明的 。西塞羅正是用了這些技巧來記憶他的演講稿的。中世紀學者用這種技巧來背誦正本書籍的內容" 。And I said, "Whoa. How come I never heard of this before?" And we were standing outside the competition hall, and Ed, who is a wonderful, brilliant, but somewhat eccentric English guy, says to me, "Josh, you're an American journalist. Do you know Britney Spears?" I'm like, "What? No. Why?" 我驚訝不已 "哇噻 怎麼我從來沒聽說過呢?"我們站在競技大廳外，聰明過人 令人驚嘆。而又稍有些古怪的英國人Ed對我說 "Josh，你是個美國記者。你知道小甜甜布蘭妮吧?」 我茫然不解，"什麼? 當然。為什麼要問這個?" "Because I really want to teach Britney Spears how to memorize the order of a shuffled pack of playing cards on U.S. national television. It will prove to the world that anybody can do this." I was like, "Well, I'm not Britney Spears, but maybe you could teach me. I mean, you've got to start somewhere, right?" 「因為我真的很想在美國國家電臺上教會布蘭妮怎樣記住一整副打亂的牌的順序，就能證明這是人人都可以做到的了"我說 "雖然我不是布蘭妮，但你也可以教教我呀，總得找個人開教嘛，不是嗎?" And that was the beginning of a very strange journey for me. I ended up spending the better part of the next year not only training my memory, but also investigating it, trying to understand how it works, why it sometimes doesn't work, and what its potential might be.接著，一段非常奇特的歷程在我面前展開了序幕，結果，第二年的大部分時間，我都花在了訓練自己的記憶力，同時調查研究記憶上。我想嘗試理解產生記憶的原理。為何有時會記了又忘及其它到底隱藏著什麼樣的潛力。And I met a host of really interesting people. This is a guy called E.P. He's an amnesic who had, very possibly, the worst memory in the world. His memory was so bad, that he didn't even remember he had a memory problem, which is amazing. And he was this incredibly tragic figure, but he was a window into the extent to which our memories make us who we are.途中我遇到了很多有趣的人。其中一個叫E.P. 他患有健忘症，他的記憶力 恐怕是世界上最差的了。他的記憶能力差到甚至記不得自己有健忘症。真的很神奇。雖然他是個悲劇角色，但通過他，我們能了解到記憶在何種程度上塑造了我們的人格。At the other end of the spectrum, I met this guy. This is Kim Peek, he was the basis for Dustin Hoffman's character in the movie "Rain Man." We spent an afternoon together in the Salt Lake City Public Library memorizing phone books, which was scintillating. And I went back and I read a whole host of memory treatises, treatises written 2,000-plus years ago in Latin, in antiquity, and then later, in the Middle Ages. 情況的另一個極端是我遇到了這樣一個人。他叫Kim Peek，他是Dustin Hoffman在電影《雨人》裡的角色的原型。我和他花了一下午，在鹽湖城公共圖書館裡背電話簿，讓我大開眼界。回家後我讀了許多關於記憶的論文，寫於兩千多年前的論文，用拉丁文寫的 從古代，一直到後來中世紀期間。And I learned a whole bunch of really interesting stuff. One of the really interesting things that I learned is that once upon a time, this idea of having a trained, disciplined, cultivated memory was not nearly so alien as it would seem to us to be today. Once upon a time, people invested in their memories, in laboriously furnishing their minds.我學到很多很有意思的事兒。其中一個就是曾經、訓練、規束、培養記憶力的這種概念。完全不像如今那樣陌生。曾幾何時，人們寄希望於自己的記憶，能不遺餘力地裝飾自己的心靈。Over the last few millenia, we've invented a series of technologies -- from the alphabet, to the scroll, to the codex, the printing press, photography, the computer, the smartphone -- that have made it progressively easier and easier for us to externalize our memories, for us to essentially outsource this fundamental human capacity. 近幾千年來，人類發明了一系列技術--從字母表到捲軸到法典，印刷機，攝影技術，電腦，智慧型手機。讓我們能越來越輕鬆地外化記憶能力。讓我們從根本上把這種基礎的人類能力拱手讓出。These technologies have made our modern world possible, but they've also changed us. They've changed us culturally, and I would argue that they've changed us cognitively. Having little need to remember anymore, it sometimes seems like we've forgotten how.這些技術讓現代生活變為可能。但同時也改變了我們，不僅在文化上。我覺得也在認知上，不再需要費勁去記憶，有時會覺得我們已經忘了如何去記憶。One of the last places on Earth where you still find people passionate about this idea of a trained, disciplined, cultivated memory, is at this totally singular memory contest. It's actually not that singular, there are contests held all over the world. And I was fascinated, I wanted to know how do these guys do it.在這片地球上已經很少有地方能讓你覺得人們仍熱衷於訓練、規束、培養記憶力了。那非同尋常的記憶大賽算是一個。其實它也沒有那麼非同尋常。世界各地都開始舉辦這樣的競賽。我對此深深著迷。想要知道這些人是怎麼做到的。A few years back a group of researchers at University College London brought a bunch of memory champions into the lab. They wanted to know: Do these guys have brains that are somehow structurally, anatomically different from the rest of ours? The answer was no. Are they smarter than the rest of us? They gave them a bunch of cognitive tests, and the answer was: not really.幾年前倫敦大學學院的一組研究人員請來一批記憶大賽的冠軍接受研究。他們想要弄明白這些人的大腦是否跟我們其他人在解剖學上的結構不一樣? 答案是否定的。那他們比我們都聰明嗎? 他們給研究對象實施了一系列認知測試，依舊得出了否定結論。There was, however, one really interesting and telling difference between the brains of the memory champions and the control subjects that they were comparing them to. When they put these guys in an fMRI machine, scanned their brains while they were memorizing numbers and people's faces and pictures of snowflakes, they found that the memory champions were lighting up different parts of the brain than everyone else. 但對比受控制的比對目標的大腦，記憶大賽冠軍們的大腦確實有一處很有趣的不同，很說明問題。這些人被送去做功能磁共振掃描大腦時，當他們在記憶數字或人臉或雪花圖案時，研究人員發現記憶大賽冠軍們的大腦激活的區域跟普通人不太一樣。Of note, they were using, or they seemed to be using, a part of the brain that's involved in spatial memory and navigation. Why? And is there something that the rest of us can learn from this? The sport of competitive memorizing is driven by a kind of arms race where, every year, somebody comes up with a new way to remember more stuff more quickly, and then the rest of the field has to play catch-up.值得注意的是，他們看來是在用腦中在空間記憶和導航時會用到的部分，為什麼? 我們可以從中得出什麼樣的結論呢?競爭性記憶的較量被一種類似軍事比賽的方式推向了白熱化。每年都會有人帶著更有效的記憶方法現身賽場 ，而其他人就必須迎頭趕上。This is my friend Ben Pridmore, three-time world memory champion. On his desk in front of him are 36 shuffled packs of playing cards that he is about to try to memorize in one hour, using a technique that he invented and he alone has mastered. He used a similar technique to memorize the precise order of 4,140 random binary digits in half an hour. Yeah.這是我的朋友Ben Pridmore，贏得過三次國際記憶大賽冠軍。在他的臺前 有三十六副打亂順序的牌，他要在一個小時內記下全部。用的是一種他自己發明的，也只有他會的技巧。用與此類似的方法他曾一字不差地背下了 4140個任意排列的二進位數，只用了半個小時。很牛吧And while there are a whole host of ways of remembering stuff in these competitions, everything, all of the techniques that are being used, ultimately come down to a concept that psychologists refer to as "elaborative encoding."參賽者在這些競賽中運用過很多不同的記憶方法，各式各樣，被運用到的所有技巧，最終都能歸化為一個概念，心理學家稱之為"精細編碼"。And it's well-illustrated by a nifty paradox known as the Baker/baker paradox, which goes like this: If I tell two people to remember the same word, if I say to you, "Remember that there is a guy named Baker." That's his name. And I say to you, "Remember that there is a guy who is a baker." Okay? 這個概念能用一則幽默的悖論完美詮釋叫做Baker/baker悖論。簡單說來就是，假設我讓兩個人去記同一個詞，我跟你說 "記住有個人叫Baker"。Baker是人名。我又來告訴你 "記住有個人是麵包師(baker)" 。And I come back to you at some point later on, and I say, "Do you remember that word that I told you a while back? Do you remember what it was?" The person who was told his name is Baker is less likely to remember the same word than the person was told his job is a baker. Same word, different amount of remembering; that's weird. What's going on here?過了一段時間我又回來找到你們，問 "還記得我之前叫你們記住的那個詞嗎?" 」還記得是什麼詞嗎?「 被告知人名是Baker的人，記住這個詞的可能性遠不如被告知職業是麵包師的那個人。同樣的詞導致不同的記憶程度，到底是為什麼呢？Well, the name Baker doesn't actually mean anything to you. It is entirely untethered from all of the other memories floating around in your skull. But the common noun "baker" -- we know bakers. Bakers wear funny white hats. Bakers have flour on their hands. Bakers smell good when they come home from work. Maybe we even know a baker. 是因為人名Baker沒有任何特殊含義，沒法跟你腦海裡零碎繁雜的記憶產生任何聯繫。但是麵包師(baker)作為一個常用名詞，我們都知道麵包師是什麼。麵包師帶著搞笑的白帽子，他們手上沾滿了麵粉，他們下班回到家帶著撲鼻的烤麵包香。甚至可能有些人有朋友就是麵包師。And when we first hear that word, we start putting these associational hooks into it, that make it easier to fish it back out at some later date. The entire art of what is going on in these memory contests, and the entire art of remembering stuff better in everyday life, is figuring out ways to transform capital B Bakers into lower-case B bakers -- to take information that is lacking in context, in significance, in meaning, and transform it in some way, so that it becomes meaningful in the light of all the other things that you have in your mind.我們初次聽到這個詞時，馬上就會產生各種各樣的聯想 這使我們能在一段時間後還能回憶起來。其實要理解記憶競賽中的一切奧妙，或在日常生活中改善記憶力的秘訣，僅僅在於想辦法把Baker中的大寫B變為麵包師(baker)中的小寫b，把沒有前因後果，沒有重要性，沒有涵義的信息用某種方法轉化為有意義的內容，跟腦海裡的其他記憶串聯起來。One of the more elaborate techniques for doing this dates back 2,500 years to Ancient Greece. It came to be known as the memory palace. The story behind its creation goes like this: There was a poet called Simonides, who was attending a banquet. He was actually the hired entertainment, because back then, if you wanted to throw a really slamming party, you didn't hire a D.J., you hired a poet. 這種精確記憶的技巧在兩千五百年前的古希臘就已出現。後來將其稱為記憶宮殿。發明這種技巧的過程如下：有個叫做Simonides的詩人，他要去參加一個晚宴。其實他算是被請去做表演嘉賓的，因為在那個年代 炫酷派對的標準。不是請D.J.來打碟，而是要請詩人來頌詩。And he stands up, delivers his poem from memory, walks out the door, and at the moment he does, the banquet hall collapses. Kills everybody inside. It doesn't just kill everybody, it mangles the bodies beyond all recognition. Nobody can say who was inside, nobody can say where they were sitting. The bodies can't be properly buried. 他站起來，背出了他的全篇詩作，然後瀟灑離去。他剛走出門口，晚宴大廳就塌了。砸死了裡面所有的人，不僅全體死亡，所有的死者都被砸得面目全非。沒人說得清死者都有些誰，沒人說得清誰坐在哪兒，導致死者的屍體沒法得到合適的殉葬安置。It's one tragedy compounding another. Simonides, standing outside, the sole survivor amid the wreckage, closes his eyes and has this realization, which is that in his mind's eye, he can see where each of the guests at the banquet had been sitting. And he takes the relatives by the hand, and guides them each to their loved ones amid the wreckage.這又加重了整件事的悲劇色彩 。Simonides站在外面，作為廢墟中的唯一倖存者，閉上眼睛，猛然意識到在他的腦海中，他眼前出現了所有賓客所坐的位置。他就牽著親屬們的手，穿過廢墟，把他們帶到了親人身邊。What Simonides figured out at that moment, is something that I think we all kind of intuitively know, which is that, as bad as we are at remembering names and phone numbers, and word-for-word instructions from our colleagues, we have really exceptional visual and spatial memories. Simonides當時猛然醒悟的事，大概我們大家也都猜到了。其實是，不管我們有多不善於記住姓名，電話號碼或是同事的每句指令，我們都擁有異常敏銳的視覺或空間記憶能力。If I asked you to recount the first 10 words of the story that I just told you about Simonides, chances are you would have a tough time with it. But, I would wager that if I asked you to recall who is sitting on top of a talking tan horse in your foyer right now, you would be able to see that.要是我讓你們逐字逐句地重述我剛才講的Simonides故事的前十個字，應該沒幾個人會記得。但我敢打賭，如果我讓你們現在回想下，在你的門廳裡坐在會講話的棕色駿馬上的是誰，你們就明白我剛才說的意思了。The idea behind the memory palace is to create this imagined edifice in your mind's eye, and populate it with images of the things that you want to remember -- the crazier, weirder, more bizarre, funnier, raunchier, stinkier the image is, the more unforgettable it's likely to be. This is advice that goes back 2,000-plus years to the earliest Latin memory treatises.記憶宮殿的原理就是在你的腦海裡建立一棟想像大廈，並讓你想記住的東西 的影像充滿其中。越是瘋狂、古怪、奇詭、荒誕搞笑、亂七八糟、招人厭惡的影像，就越容易記住。這個建議來自於兩千多年前拉丁最早的記憶學者。So how does this work? Let's say that you've been invited to TED center stage to give a speech, and you want to do it from memory, and you want to do it the way that Cicero would have done it, if he had been invited to TEDxRome 2,000 years ago. What you might do is picture yourself at the front door of your house. 那麼這種說法的原理到底是什麼呢？假設你被邀請站上TED的中心講臺演講 而你想脫稿完成。如西塞羅在兩千年前在TEDx羅馬上的演講一般，他就會這麼霸氣走一回，而你也想這樣。你要做的就是想像自己站在自家門前。And you'd come up with some sort of crazy, ridiculous, unforgettable image, to remind you that the first thing you want to talk about is this totally bizarre contest. And then you'd go inside your house, and you would see an image of Cookie Monster on top of Mister Ed. 然後憑空想像出一段完全荒誕瘋狂難忘的景象，用來提示你上臺要提的第一件事就是這場詭異的裸騎大賽 。然後你走進房子裡想到甜餅怪物， 坐在Ed先生背上的樣子。And that would remind you that you would want to then introduce your friend Ed Cook. And then you'd see an image of Britney Spears to remind you of this funny anecdote you want to tell. And you'd go into your kitchen, and the fourth topic you were going to talk about was this strange journey that you went on for a year, and you'd have some friends to help you remember that.這個景象會提醒你，要介紹你的朋友Ed Cook。然後你腦海裡出現了小甜甜布蘭妮的樣子 ，你就會想起要講那個關於布蘭妮的小故事，然後你走進廚房，你要說到的第四個話題是，你花了一整年走過的奇妙歷程，通過綠野仙蹤就可以聯想得到。This is how Roman orators memorized their speeches -- not word-for-word, which is just going to screw you up, but topic-for-topic. In fact, the phrase "topic sentence" -- that comes from the Greek word "topos," which means "place." That's a vestige of when people used to think about oratory and rhetoric in these sorts of spatial terms. 這就是羅馬演說家背誦演講稿的秘訣，並非一字不差。逐字背誦只會平添麻煩，而是記住一個個主題。其實短語"主題句" 就來源於希臘詞"topos"，意思是"地點"。這是古時候人們談到演講或是修辭時會用到的空間術語。The phrase "in the first place," that's like "in the first place of your memory palace." I thought this was just fascinating, and I got really into it. And I went to a few more of these memory contests, and I had this notion that I might write something longer about this subculture of competitive memorizers. 短語 "第一" 就意味著你的記憶宮殿的第一層。這簡直太有意思了。我對這起了很大的興趣。後來我又去了更多記憶大賽。我開始萌發了要更詳細描寫 這種競技記憶文化的念頭 。But there was a problem. The problem was that a memory contest is a pathologically boring event. Truly, it is like a bunch of people sitting around taking the SATs -- I mean, the most dramatic it gets is when somebody starts massaging their temples. And I'm a journalist, I need something to write about. 但有一個問題。問題是記憶大賽其實過程很無聊的。真的，就像一群人坐那兒高考一樣，最最激動人心的時刻也不過就是有人揉了揉太陽穴。我是個記者，總得有東西可寫呀。I know that there's incredible stuff happening in these people's minds, but I don't have access to it. And I realized, if I was going to tell this story, I needed to walk in their shoes a little bit. And so I started trying to spend 15 or 20 minutes every morning, before I sat down with my New York Times, just trying to remember something. 我知道這些人腦子裡肯定是驚濤駭浪，但我作為外人無法得見。我意識到，若我真的想報導這事兒，一定得親身體驗才行。所以我開始嘗試著每天早上坐下來看紐約時報前，花上十五到二十分鐘，嘗試記憶一些事。Maybe it was a poem, maybe it was names from an old yearbook that I bought at a flea market. And I found that this was shockingly fun. I never would have expected that. It was fun because this is actually not about training your memory. What you're doing, is you're trying to get better and better at creating, at dreaming up, these utterly ludicrous, raunchy, hilarious, and hopefully unforgettable images in your mind's eye. And I got pretty into it.背背小詩，背背我在跳蚤市場買來的舊年鑑裡的人名。我驚奇地發現這其實非常帶勁。要不去嘗試根本想不到。有趣在於其實目標並不是要通過訓練提高記憶力，而是你在努力培養改善、創造力、想像力在你的腦海裡憑空造出那些完全滑稽荒誕胡亂，最好是難忘的影像，而它成為了我的樂趣，This is me wearing my standard competitive memorizer's training kit. It's a pair of earmuffs and a set of safety goggles that have been masked over except for two small pinholes, because distraction is the competitive memorizer's greatest enemy.這是我戴著標準競賽記憶者訓練套裝的樣子。它有一對耳塞，一副護目鏡 鏡面全部遮黑，就留了兩個小孔。因為競技記憶者最大的敵人就是注意力分散。I ended up coming back to that same contest that I had covered a year earlier, and I had this notion that I might enter it, sort of as an experiment in participatory journalism. It'd make, I thought, maybe a nice epilogue to all my research. Problem was, the experiment went haywire. I won the contest --which really wasn't supposed to happen.最後我再次回到了一年前報導的那場競賽場上。我一時衝動也想報名參加， 就當做參與性新聞報導的實驗了。我當時想，到時能在前言裡調侃一下自己也好。問題是實驗最後得到了意想不到的結果。那場競賽我贏了 。真是完全出乎我預料之外。Now, it is nice to be able to memorize speeches and phone numbers and shopping lists, but it's actually kind of beside the point. These are just tricks. They work because they're based on some pretty basic principles about how our brains work. And you don't have to be building memory palaces or memorizing packs of playing cards to benefit from a little bit of insight about how your mind works.對我來說現在背演講稿、電話號碼或是購物單，都是小菜一碟，倒是很不錯 。但其實這些都不重要了，這些都是小伎倆。這些記憶伎倆之所以有效是因為它們依仗人類大腦運轉的一些基本原理， 並不用真的去建立記憶宮殿或記下幾副牌的順序，你也完全可以從了解大腦運轉原理中獲得一些益處。We often talk about people with great memories as though it were some sort of an innate gift, but that is not the case. Great memories are learned. At the most basic level, we remember when we pay attention. We remember when we are deeply engaged. We remember when we are able to take a piece of information and experience, and figure out why it is meaningful to us, 我們總會議論記憶力很好的人，總覺得那些人是天賦異稟，事實並不是這樣 。強大的記憶力是可以習得的。從最根本的說起，專心致志就能記住，全心投入時就能記住。只要能想辦法把信息和經歷轉化為有意義的事，就能記住 。why it is significant, why it's colorful, when we're able to transform it in some way that makes sense in the light of all of the other things floating around in our minds, when we're able to transform Bakers into bakers. The memory palace, these memory techniques -- they're just shortcuts. 想它為何重要，為何多彩，當我們能把它轉化成為有前因後果的事並跟我們腦海中繁雜瑣碎的其他事產生聯想時，當我們能把人名Baker轉化為麵包師baker時。記憶宮殿或是那些記憶技巧，都只是捷徑而已 。In fact, they're not even really shortcuts. They work because they make you work. They force a kind of depth of processing, a kind of mindfulness, that most of us don't normally walk around exercising. But there actually are no shortcuts. This is how stuff is made memorable.其實說到底它們都不能算捷徑。這方法有效是因為它迫使你思考，它迫使你往更深層次去想，讓你更加專注。大部分人平時並不會費力去訓練這個。其實捷徑並不存在，這一直就是我們能記住事物的原因。And I think if there's one thing that I want to leave you with, it's what E.P., the amnesic who couldn't even remember he had a memory problem, left me with, which is the notion that our lives are the sum of our memories. 有一件事我希望你們能記住，就是E.P. 那個連自己患了健忘症都想不起來的人，讓我深思得出了一個感想。人生就是我們個人記憶的合集。How much are we willing to lose from our already short lives, by losing ourselves in our Blackberries, our iPhones, by not paying attention to the human being across from us who is talking with us, by being so lazy that we're not willing to process deeply?在短暫的人生裡，你還願意因為黑莓 iPhone 喪失多少瞬間。忽略對面坐著的人，在跟我們交談的人，變得越發懶惰，不願意深究任何事？I learned firsth and that there are incredible memory capacities latent in all of us. But if you want to live a memorable life, you have to be the kind of person who remembers to remember.通過親身經歷，我發現我們的身體裡潛藏著不可思議的記憶能力。但若你想活得難忘，就得做那種記得時常記憶的人。Viewing and listening系列47 | 《風雨哈佛路》
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