參考閱讀:
人體的方位、軸和斷面—圖解和視頻詳解,供學習和收藏
人體的方位、軸和斷面圖示
運動解剖學的常用術語,圖解便於學習、建議收藏
人體標準解剖學姿勢(醫學英語)
Anatomical planes 視頻
Anatomical Planes
There are four imaginary planes (median, sagittal, frontal, and transverse) that intersect the body in the anatomical position for anatomical descriptions:
The median plane, the vertical plane that passes longitudinally through the body, divides the body into right and left halves.
Sagittal planes are vertical planes that pass through the body, which is parallel to the median plane. A plane parallel and near to the median plane may be referred to as a paramedian plane.
Frontal or coronal planes are vertical planes that pass through the body at right angles to the median plane, which divide the body into anterior or front and posterior or back parts.
Transverse planes are horizontal planes that pass through the body at right angles to the median and frontal planes, which divide the body into superior or upper and inferior or lower parts. A radiologist usually refers to transverse planes as transaxial, which is commonly shortened to axial planes.
Because the number of sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes is unlimited, a reference point (usually a visible or palpable landmark or specific vertebral structure) is needed to determine the position or level of the plane, such as "transverse plane through the umbilicus". The two parts of the head, neck, and trunk are symmetrical for the precise frontal and transverse planes, the paired structure passes through both the left and right sides so as to allow some comparison.
參考翻譯:
解剖平面
為了解剖描述,在解剖位置貫穿身體有四種假想平面(正中面、矢狀面、額狀面和橫斷面):
正中面(正中矢狀面),縱向通過身體的垂直平面,將身體分成左、右兩半。
矢狀面是通過身體的垂直面,與正中面平行。與正中面平行且接近中間平面的平面可稱為旁正中面。
額狀面或冠狀面是垂直面,與正中面成直角穿過身體,將身體分為前或後兩部分。
橫斷面是與正中面和額狀面成直角通過身體的水平面,它將身體分成上、下兩部分。放射科醫生通常把橫切面稱為橫軸面,橫軸面通常縮短為軸面。
由於矢狀面、額狀面和橫斷面的數目是不受限制的,因此需要一個參考點(通常是可見或可觸及的標誌或特定的椎體結構)來確定平面的位置或水平,例如「穿過臍的橫切面」。對於頭部、頸部和軀幹精確的額狀面和橫斷面,左右兩部分是對稱的,成對的結構通過左、右兩側,以便進行比較。
重要詞彙:
imaginary planes 想像的平面
intersect: 貫穿
vertical plane 垂直面
pass through 穿過
parallel to 平行於
referred to as 被稱為; 簡稱; 稱作
at right angles to 成直角; 垂直
right angles 直角; right angle的複數
sagittal plane 矢狀面
median plane 正中面
frontal plane 額狀面
transverse plane 橫切面
horizontal plane 水平面
landmark 標誌
umbilicus 臍
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