眾所周知, can 與be able to在用法上既有相同的一方面,又有不同的地方。今天就一起來看看兩者的區別。
can 與 be able to 均可表示某人做某事的能力,常可互換。例如:
I'm not able to [can't] explain this. 我不能解釋這個問題。
He was able to [could] speak French very well. 他的法語講得很不錯。
can和be able to的區別:
(1) 從時態形式來看,can 只有現在式和過去式(could)兩種,而 be able to 則可根據需要使用多種時態,還可以和一些情態動詞連用,或用作動詞不定式等非謂語形式。例如:
I haven't been able to sleep recently. 最近我睡不著覺。
Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. 我們的寶寶再過幾個星期就能走路了。
You might be able to persuade him. 你也許能夠說服他。
I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能幹得了這項工作。
I regret not being able to help her. 我很遺憾未能幫助她。
(2) 用於現在時,can 泛指一般的能力,而 be able to 則主要指具體做某件事的能力。例如:
He can swim. 他會遊泳。
I am able to express my idea in a clear way. 我能清楚地表達自己的想法。
(3) 在表示過去的一般能力時,兩者沒有很大差別。例如:
I could / was able to play the piano when I was young. 我年輕時會彈鋼琴。
但如果要表示"一時的能力",即"在過去某時有某種能力,並順利地完成某事",則要用 was / were able to,而不能用 could。例如:
Though he was sick, he was able to swim across the river. 雖然他病了,但他還是遊過了河。
After five hours of climbing, we were able to reach the top of the mountain. 經過5個小時的攀爬,我們終於登上了山頂。
could 表示可能或有能力做,was [were] able to 則表示能夠做且確已做到。比較下面兩句:
I was able to pass the examination. 我通過了考試。(不僅有能力,而且實際上做到了。相當於I succeeded in passing the examination.)
I could pass the examination. 我當時有能力通過考試。(有能力,但實際上不一定做得到)
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