entire、whole、complete、full、total、gross與all這些形容詞都表示「完整的、全部的、整個的」之意。
entire : 除了有whole的意思外,還強調既不能加一個也不減少一個的含義。
Between them they ate an entire cake.
他們兩個吃了整整一個蛋糕。He'd spent the entire journey asleep.
他整個旅程都在睡覺。They got an entire set of silver cutlery as a wedding present.
他們收到了一件結婚禮物,是一整套銀質餐具。
whole比entire更普通,強調每個組成部分都包括在內,無一漏掉或捨去。
I spent the whole day cleaning.
我花了一整天打掃衛生。There's still a whole month till my birthday.
離我的生日還有整整1個月時間。After my exercise class, my whole body ached.
體育課之後,我渾身都疼。
complete : 強調事物在內容、程度、或數量方面已完整,已達標準。
the complete works of Oscar Wilde
奧斯卡‧王爾德全集The report comes complete with (= including) diagrams and colour photographs.
報告中有圖表和彩色圖片,非常齊全。Sun, sand, and romance - her holiday was complete.
陽光、沙灘加上浪漫的愛情——她的假期完美無缺。
full : 側重指內容,含有能包括所有的充足內容的意味。
Please give your full name and address.
請提供你的全名和地址。We do not yet have full details of the story.
我們並沒有掌握該事件的全部細節。Few journalists have managed to convey the full horror of the situation.
幾乎沒有哪個記者能完全地表達出那種情形有多恐怖。
total與complete用法相近,但強調總量。
Total losses were $800.
總損失為800美元。
gross : 側重指未打折扣,未除去成本或皮重等與淨重、淨數相對。
A person's gross income is the money they earn before tax is deducted from it.
個人總收入是指稅前的收入總和。Once wrapped, the gross weight of the package is 2.1 kg.
包裝後,這個包裹的毛重是2.1公斤。She earns £30,000 a year gross.
她每年的總收入是3萬英鎊。
all有時可與whole, entire和total換用。
All animals have to eat in order to live.
所有動物都必須吃東西才能生存。She has four children, all under the age of five.
她有4個孩子,都不到5歲。The cast all lined up on stage to take their bow.
全體演員都在臺上站成一排向觀眾鞠躬。