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2011年12月四級聽力衝刺模擬題第8套-短文理解3
2011-12-02 14:10
來源：新東方在線
作者：
Passage Three
32. A) Job security.
B) Good labour relations.
C) Challenging work.
D) Attractive wages and benefits.
33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.
B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.
C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs.
D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.
34. A) Offer them chances of promotion.
B) Improve their working conditions.
C) Encourage them to compete with each other.
D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.
35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.
B) They concern a small number of people only.
C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators,
D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.
答案
32、【聽音指導】預覽選項中的關鍵詞job security，labor relation，work，和wages and benefits可知，此篇短文主旨與工作有關，可初步推測與人們對工作的滿足感有關。
【正確項分析】此題問的是主題，到底什麼可以真正激勵員工好好工作呢。原文Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility，連接詞in contrast附近出現了答案，意為起到激勵作用的東西包括工作的挑戰性和趣味性，以及工作中需承擔的責任即最終獲得的認可。所以選選項C，即挑戰性的工作。
【幹擾項分析】原文首句雖談及選項A、B、D各項內容，但是but轉折後全盤否定but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers。故可全部排除。
33、【聽音指導】從選項內容可知，本題考查的是工作的性質，應注意關鍵提示詞—tedious，unskilled and lose job，computer和boring and enjoyable。
【正確項分析】此題問到作者對電腦資訊時代總結了什麼。從原文中However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.，連接詞however後出現了答案。意為，儘管電腦和機器人技術不斷發展，還是存在無聊的、重複的、機械性的工作，需要人力完成，對應到正確答案A選項中的tedious以及manually。
34、【聽音指導】此題為一細節題。選項B與其他三項明顯不同，可初步排除。聽音時，注意選項中的promotion，compete和team。
【正確項分析】原文中激勵超市員工工作是個案，但是問題本身針對的是總結性的答案。即出現在for example前的總結句：Give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a part of a team。but後強調的是team，正確答案為選項D。
原文
Passage 3
It’s logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Fredrick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers. They are merely satisfiers. Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them. So how do mangers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a part of a team. For example, some supermarkets can buy office stuff to people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the check out into a team, and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them and so on. Many people now talk about the importance of a company’s shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify, for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field. Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which automatically only concern a few people. Unfortunately, there’s only a limited number of such goals to go around and by definition, not all the competing companies in that industry can seriously plan to be the best.
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q32: What can actually motivate workers according to Fredrick Herzberg?
Q33: What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era?
Q34: What do some supermarkets do to motivate their employees?
Q35: Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers?
（實習編輯：劉偉）
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