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動名詞在句中起名詞的作用，可以充當主語、表語、賓語(動詞賓語或介詞賓語)。它可以有自己的定語、賓語或狀語。
1)動名詞作主語
Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes. Taking a cold shower every morning does him a lot good.____in an atmosphere of simply living was what her parents wished for. (CET-4 1999,1)
A) The girl to be educated
B) The girl educated
C) The girl's being educated
D) The girl was educated
動名詞和不定式都可以做主語。不定式做主語表示具體的動作，動名詞做主語則可以表示抽象或一般性的動作或情況。根據句意，這個女孩在樸素的生活環境中接受教育是她的父母所希望的，接受教育不是具體的一次性動作，因此用動名詞，答案為C。當動名詞做主語時，我們常用先行詞it作形式主語，而把真正的主語動名詞放到句尾，特別要注意如下結構：It is useless (no use, no good, no harm) doing... It is a waste of time doing... It is worthwhile doing...
【例如】
It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him. It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow.
2)動名詞作動詞賓語動名詞作動詞賓語是大學英語四級考試的重要內容。
a)英語中有些動詞後面只能跟動名詞作它的賓語。這類動詞常見的有：admit, advice, anticipate, appreciate, avoid，consider, delay，deny，dislike, enjoy，escape，excuse, fancy，favor, finish，imagine，include , keep, mind，miss, postpone, practice，prevent , propose, resist, risk, suggest等。
【例如】
Mike often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. The doctor suggested that I avoid smoking and drinking for a month. Would you mind opening the window? The murderer denied killing the rich man. I would appreciate ____it a secret. (CET-4 1995,6)
A) your keeping B) you to keep
C) that you keep D) that you will keep
appreciate後面一般加動名詞做賓語，動名詞可以有自己的邏輯主語，因此答案為A。
That young guy still denies____the fire behind the store. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to start B)having started
C) start D) to have started
Deny後面加動名詞作賓語，而且引發火災是在否認這一動做之前，所以用動名詞的完成式，答案為B。
b)動名詞在demand, deserve, need, require, want等動詞後面作賓語時，表示被動的意思。
【例如】
My shoes need mending. The following language points deserve mentioning. This matter demands discussing. Your hair wants ____. You had better have it done now. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) cut B) to cut
C) cutting D) being cut
Want, need, require等動詞後經常加動名詞做賓語，表示被動的意思，故答案為C。
c)有些短語動詞和結構後面也要求跟動名詞作賓語。這樣的短語動詞常見的有：feel like，give up，go on，object/objection to，put off，keep on，insist on，leave off，look forward to，think of, can't help, be/get used to, spend...in , have difficulty in, have trouble/a hard time in, there be no need, confess to等。
【例如】
Do you feel like going out for dinner with me tonight? Chinese people are looking forward to holding the 27th Olympic games. I am used to going to bed late and getting up late. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ____late for his lecture. (CET-4 1998,1)
A) to have students B) for students' being C) for students to be D) to students' being
be/get used to doing表示習慣於幹什麼，是固定用法，因此答案為D。
I have no objection____ your story again. (CET-4 2000,6)
A) to hear B) to hearing
C) to having heard D) to have heard
object/objection to doing是固定用法，因此A和D可以排除。動名詞的完成式表示其動作發生在謂語動詞的動作之前，而句中聽的動作還沒有進行，因此用動名詞的一般式，答案為B。
d)有些動詞既可以加動名詞，又可以加不定式，兩者在意義上有差別。這些動詞有：forget, like, remember, regret, try等。forget to do：忘記去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
Don't forget to take an umbrella when you go out. forget doing：忘了做過某事。
【例如】
I'll never forget ____you for the first time. (CET-4 2000,12)
A) to meet B) to have met
C) meeting D)having to be meeting
forget to do表示忘記去做某事，還沒有做。forget doing表示忘了做過某事。根據句意：我永遠不會忘記第一次遇到你，遇到的動作已經發生，應選擇動名詞，答案為C. remember to do：記住去做某事，還沒有做。
【例如】
I will remember to write to you often. If I had remembered ____the window, the thief would not have got in.(CET-4 1996,1)
A) to close B) closing
C) to have closed D)having closed
remember to do表示記得要做某事，還沒有做。根據句意，如果我記得去關窗戶，小偷就不會進來，窗戶很明顯沒有關，所以用不定式，答案為A。remember doing：記得做過某事。
【例如】
I remembered putting my wallet in the bag, but I could not find it.
regret to do：遺憾做某事，經常用：regret to say
【例如】
I regret to say that I can't accept your invitation.
regret doing：後悔做過某事。
【例如】
I regret notshavingstaken your advice.
try to do：盡力做某事。
【例如】
One should try to do everything well.
try doing：試著做某事。【例如】
I tried cooking, but I failed.
3)動名詞作介詞賓語
動名詞作介詞賓語，並且和介詞構成介詞短語。
【例如】
She left without saying anything to us.Man's dream of landing on the moon came true in1968.I am afraid of being punished by the teacher.Ann never dreams of ____for her to be sent abroad very soon.(CET-4 1998,6)
A) there being a chance B) there to be
C) there be a chance D) being a chance
of為介詞，後面接動名詞做賓語，因此B和C都可以排除。另外，根據句意：安妮從來沒有夢想過她有一個很快被送出國的機會，介詞後面含有「有」的意思，用there be結構表達，故正確答案為A.
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