在考研英語中，閱讀分數可謂是佔到了總分的半壁江山，正所謂「得閱讀者得考研」。對於備考2016考研的同學們，在平時的複習中一定要拓展閱讀思路，各類話題都要關注，這樣才能在整體上提升考研英語閱讀水平!新東方網考研頻道考研分享《2016考研英語閱讀精選》，一起來學習吧!
囧研究：站立辦公有益健康?
據一項新的研究，站立辦公其實並不會降低辦公死亡的風險，除非你在辦公時是有肢體活動的。
A new study says that standing up at your desk doesn’t actually decrease your risk of death-by-office, unless you’re physically active otherwise.
經幾項研究後得出結論：我們整天坐著工作屬於慢性自殺，埃克塞特大學和倫敦大學學院的研究人員對此結論另有看法。
After several studies asserted that sitting at work all day is slowly killing us, researchers at the University of Exeter and University College London took another look at the claims.
研究人員對5132人的健康資料做了16年的追蹤研究。參與者報告了他們在四種不同的情況下坐著的時間：工作時間、看電視時間、休閒時間和不看電視的其他休閒時間。研究人員還對他們每天的散步時間和體育活動做了跟蹤研究。
Researchers tracked 16 years』 worth of health data from 5,132 people. Participants reported their total time sitting and how long they sat during four different situations: at work, watching television, leisure time and non-television leisure time. Researchers also tracked time spent walking daily and on physical activity.
在控制了包括飲食和健康狀況等許多因素後，研究人員發現這些參與者的整體死亡率並沒有受到久坐時間或久坐方式的影響。而且研究人員還警告大家說，不能因為過於強調站立而取代了增加身體運動量。
After controlling for a number of factors, including diet and general health, researchers found the overall mortality risk for these participants wasn’t influenced by how long they sat or by the kind of sitting. And the researchers cautioned that too much emphasis on not sitting shouldn’t take the place of promoting physical activity.
這項發表在《國際流行病學期刊》上的研究報告很有意思的是，研究人員並不只關注工作日的久坐現象，而且還在陸續發現越來越多各種久坐的數據和身體活動量情況。
What’s particularly interesting about the study, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, is that researchers didn’t just focus on sitting during the workday, but factored in all kinds of sitting-specific data as well as rates of physical activity.
他們的結論是，「久坐與全因死亡率風險無關。」基本上，有很多影響因素不僅僅是工作時的久坐不動，你的身體活動量是最大的健康指示器。
Their conclusion was that 「sitting time was not associated with all-cause mortality risk.」 Basically, more elements are in play than just whether you’re sitting down at work, and your levels of physical activity are the greatest health indicator.
那麼，這都說明了什麼呢?看來站著工作的行為已經成為一種趨勢，尤其是對於在科技類辦公室的人而言，如果你不鍛鍊的話，對健康是起不到幫助作用的。如果你不去健身房運動的話，你不妨還是坐下來辦公吧。不過，這對跑步機辦公桌的製造商來說是個好消息。
So what does this all mean? It appears that the act of working while standing up—which has become a trendy thing to do, especially in tech offices—doesn’t help your health, if you’re not actually exercising otherwise. If you never make it to the gym, you might as well just sit down. This is good news for the makers of treadmill desks, however.
我工作過的上一個辦公室就是站立式辦公的桌子，為所有上班族都安裝可以站立式辦公桌。站立式辦公桌也分為跑步機辦公桌和自行車辦公桌。而選擇站立的方式一定要好，這樣能變換一下單調枯燥工作的狀態，本研究表明這種方法不是萬靈藥。
The last office where I worked jumped on the standing desk trend hard, installing desks that could be raised for all workers. They also had a treadmill desk, and a bike desk. While the option to stand is certainly nice as a change in the middle of a monotonous workday, this research suggests it’s not the cure-all that adherents would like to claim.
這項研究報告的作者埃克塞特大學的梅爾文希爾斯頓在一份聲明中說，「我們的研究推翻了當前對久坐的健康風險的擔憂，問題在於缺乏運動影響健康而不是坐著的時間影響健康，坐著或站著其中任何一種固定不動的姿勢，其能量消耗都較低可能都會有害健康。」
「Our study overturns current thinking on the health risks of sitting and indicates that the problem lies in the absence of movement rather than the time spent sitting itself,」 study author Melvyn Hillsdon of the University of Exeter said in a statement. 「Any stationary posture where energy expenditure is low may be detrimental to health, be it sitting or standing.」
這裡得出的一個重要結論就是：公司真的想對坐在辦公室工作的員工們進行健康投資的話，公司應該選擇像免費運動類和健身類的活動來補償員工們。公司應該鼓勵員工們出去走動，而不只是站在的電腦前埋頭工作。也許這樣才是每位堅持站著工作的員工不再使用高桌子的唯一途徑。
The takeaway here is companies that truly want to assist worker health should invest money in options like free exercise classes and gym reimbursements. They should encourage employees to go outside and actually walk around, not simply stand up at their computers. And maybe it means that everyone who insists that standing up is the only way to work can climb down off their high desk.
(責任編輯：田學江)