Pinocchio may be just a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called 『Pinocchio effect』 and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
《匹諾曹》也許只是一個講給孩子聽的童話，不過，西班牙格拉納達大學的科學家最近確實研究了所謂的「匹諾曹效應」，結果發現，我們在說謊時鼻子不會變大，而是會縮小一點。
Dr Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 degrees Celsius, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5C. Scientist also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
埃米利奧·戈麥斯·米蘭博士和他的團隊研發出一種測謊試驗，用熱成像儀來判斷人們是否在說謊，結果發現只要參與者一說謊，鼻尖的溫度就會下降多達1.2攝氏度，而前額溫度會上升多達1.5攝氏度。科學家還發現，鼻尖溫度的下降會導致鼻尖略微縮小，不過這種差別是人的肉眼所無法察覺到的。
"One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,」 Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. 「At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.」
戈麥斯·米蘭博士在解釋研究結果時說：「一個人在說謊前要先想一想，這會導致前額溫度升高。與此同時我們又感到焦慮，這會降低鼻尖的溫度。」
For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this 『reverse Pinocchio effect』 caused by the fluctuation in temperature in the nose and forehead.
在研究中，研究人員請60個學生在接受熱成像技術掃描期間執行了多項任務。其中一項任務就是給父母、伴侶或朋友打3-4分鐘電話，說一個大謊。參與者在打電話過程中要自己編謊話。於是研究人員就通過熱成像攝影機捕捉到了鼻子和前額溫度波動引發的「反匹諾曹效應」 。
Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
有趣的是，熱成像測謊儀捕捉住了80%的測試對象的溫度差異，成功率比任何一種現代測謊儀都高。
"With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 「false positives」, something that is frequent with other methods such as the polygraph,」 said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
埃米利奧·戈麥斯·米蘭博士說：「用這種方法我們提高了測謊準確率，降低了誤報的發生率，而用測謊器等方法經常會出現誤報。」他還說，執法部門負責審訊的官員有一天將能把熱成像技術和其他測謊技術結合起來以達到更準確的結果。
The thermal lie detector has been dubbed the most reliable in the world, 10% more so than the popular polygraph.
熱成像測謊儀被稱為世界上最可靠的測謊設備，比普遍使用的測謊器準確率要高出10%。