Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
大家好，歡迎來到六分鐘英語。我是尼爾。
And I'm Catherine.
我是凱薩琳。
Catherine, are you tall enough?
凱薩琳，你足夠高嗎？
Tall enough for what?
足夠高能做什麼？
Tall enough to be happy with your height.
足夠高到對你的身高滿意。
Er, well, yes, I'm alright with my height, I can't do a thing about it anyway. So how about you?
額，好吧，是的，我的身高對我來說沒問題，不管怎樣我也沒辦法對它做些什麼。所以，你呢？
Well, the same, really. I wouldn't mind being slightly taller, I suppose, which is appropriate as today's topic is about heightism.
好吧，我也一樣，真的。我不介意略微高點，我猜這大約也是今天節目的主題，關於身高歧視。
Heightism. Now, you may not have heard of heightism before.But it's like other 'isms', like racism, sexism, ageism and other 'isms' that highlight a particular kind of discrimination or unequal treatment that people experience.
身高歧視。嗯，你或許之前沒聽說身高歧視。但是它就像其它帶「isms」的詞一樣，像種族歧視，性別歧視，對老年人的歧視以及其它歧視，強調人們所經歷的特定種類的歧視或者不平等的待遇。
But before we find out more about this topic, our quiz question for today. The tallest person ever proven to live was Robert Wadlow from the USA. How tall was he? Was he: a)2.71m, b) 2.72m or c) 2.73m?What do you think Catherine?
但是在我們找到更多關於這個主題的內容之前，是我們今天的測試問題。曾被證實長得最高的人是美國的羅伯特·瓦德洛。他多高？是a) 2.71米， b) 2.72米 還是 c) 2.73米？你認為是什麼呢，凱薩琳？
Wow, that's really, really tall! I'm going to guess 2.71m.
哇，那真的真的很高！我說是2.71米。
Well, listen out for the answer at the end of the programme. Tanya S Osensky is an attorney and author of the book 'Shortchanged' about her own experiences of heightism.
好吧，在節目最後注意聽問題的答案。塔尼亞·艾斯·奧森斯凱是一名律師以及《欺騙》這本書的作者，書是關於她自己遭遇的身高歧視的經歷。
Clever title. To short-change someone' is to not give them what they are entitled to, what they deserve. And originally this phrase comes from paying for something and not getting the right money back. So if I buy something for ￡6 and I pay with a ￡10 note and the shopkeeper only gives me ￡3 back, I've been short-changed. It means I've been cheated. And in the context of facing discrimination because you're not tall, 'Shortchanged' is a really good pun.
好巧妙的標題。「To short-change someone」就是不給他們有權獲得的東西，應得的東西。而且最初短語是為某事物付款，錢沒找對的意思。所以如果我花6英鎊買某件東西，付了10英鎊紙幣，店主只找回我3英鎊，我就是被故意少找零錢了。它指的是我被欺騙了。而且在由於你個子不高而面臨歧視的語境下，「Shortchanged」真是一個不錯的雙關語。
Tanya spoke about her book on the BBC radio programme Thinking Allowed. She talks first about our general feelings about height. What does she say people never wish for?
塔尼亞在BBC節目Thinking Allowed中談到了她的書。她首先提到的是我們對於身高的一般感覺。她說人們從不期望什麼？
Everybody that I've spoken to who is tall relishes their height. I have not met anybody who said they would wish they were shorter. And people generally tend to even embellish what their height is when you ask them what it is.
和我談過的每個高個子都享受他們的身高。我沒見過有人說他們想要矮一點。而且當被問及多高的時候，人們通常甚至傾向於誇大自己的身高。
So what is it she says no one wishes for?
所以她說沒人期望什麼？
Well, she says no one wishes they were shorter!
好的，她說沒有人期望自己矮一點。
And that's right. She said that tall people relish their height. This means they enjoy being tall, they get great satisfaction from it.
是這樣的。她說高個子享受他們的身高。這指的是他們享受個子高，他們從中獲得極大滿足。
And another point she makes is that many people embellish their height, if asked. This means they say they are taller than they actually are. Now, to embellish a fact means to exaggerate it to make it seem bigger, faster, better and so on.
她提到的另一點是在被問到身高時，一些人會誇大他們的身高。這指的是他們說的比他們真正的身高要高。現在誇大事實指的是誇大某事物，使它看起來更大，更快，更好以及等等。
Here's Tanya S Osensky again.
這裡是塔尼亞·艾斯·奧森斯凱再次提到的。
Everybody that I've spoken to who is tall relishes their height. I have not met anybody who said they would wish they were shorter And people generally tend to even embellish what their height is when you ask them what it is.
和我談過的每個高個子都享受他們的身高。我沒見過有人說他們想要矮一點。而且當被問及多高的時候，人們通常甚至傾向於誇大自己的身高。
She goes on to explain how some research has shown that shorter people are less likely to get jobs, less likely to get promoted and less likely to earn as much as taller people. What is the financial difference she mentions? . She talks about the premium per inch. An inch is about 2.5cm and the premium is a word which means the extra benefit, the extra advantage. Here's Tanya S Osensky again.
她繼續解釋一些調查是如何表明矮一些的人較少可能找到工作，較少可能獲得升職以及不太可能和個子高一些的人掙同樣多的錢。她提到的經濟差距是什麼？她談到了每英寸的額外利益。一英寸大約是2.5釐米，「premium」這個詞指的是額外利益，額外好處。這是塔尼亞·艾斯·奧森斯凱再次提到的。
One set of data showed that the premium for height is over $2000 per inch for men and $1000 per inch for women. And over time that disparity grows significantly. So it ends up being a huge chunk of someone's paycheck over their career.
有一組數據表明男性每英寸的身高利益超過2000美金，女性每英寸是1000美金。而且隨著時間的變化，差距顯著增加。所以最終在某些人的職業生涯中有不少的薪水。
She says that taller men earn $2000 an inch.
她說個子高一些的人每英寸掙2000美元。
For women it's a bit less, but still significant at $1000 an inch.
對女性來說它要少一些，但是每英寸仍有1000美元那麼多。
And this disparity or difference between the salaries of taller and shorter people is an example of heightism. Shorter people, she says, are getting fewer jobs and fewer benefits because they are short.
而高個子和矮個子之間的這個差距或不同就是身高歧視的例子。她說矮一點的人因為他們個不高，得到工作以及獲得的利益較少。
Well, one person who certainly wasn't short was the subject of today's quiz question. The tallest person who has lived, Robert Wadlow. We asked how tall he was.Was it a) 2.71m, b) 2.72m or c) 2.73m?What did you say, Catherine?
好吧，高個子的那個人是今天測試問題的主題。世界上長得最高的人——羅伯特·瓦德洛。我們問他有多高。是a) 2.71米， b) 2.72米 還是 c) 2.73米？你說是什麼，凱薩琳？
I said 2.71m.
我說是2.71米。
Well, you were almost there. The correct answer was b) 2.72m. Congratulations if you got that right. Now Catherine, much as I relish being in the studio with you, we must wrap up the programme now with a review of today's vocabulary.
好吧，你幾乎就答對了。正確的答案是b) 2.72m。如果大家答對了，那就祝賀啦。嘿，凱薩琳，儘管我享受和你在演播室裡的時光，但是我們必須要圓滿完成節目，回顧今天的詞彙。
Well, 'relish' was one of those words. If you 'relish' something, you really enjoy it. So thanks you for that, Neil.
好的，「享受」是那些單詞之一。如果你「relish」某事物，你就是真的很享受它。所以謝謝你享受和我待在演播室裡，尼爾。
You're welcome! This programme was about a kind of discrimination. This means the unfair or unequal treatment of people because of, for example, their race, religion, colour, age or indeed height.
不客氣。這次節目是關於一種歧視。它指的是人們由於例如種族，宗教，膚色，年齡或者是實際身高這些而遭到的不公平或者不平等的待遇。
And discrimination because of someone's height is called heightism.
而且由於某人的身高造成的歧視叫做身高歧視。
Something which many of us do is embellish our height. We say we are taller than we actually are.
我們當中許多人做的某件事情就是誇大我們的身高。我們說的比我們實際身高要高。
A premium is an extra benefit or advantage that can be gained, in this case, by being taller. And finally we had disparity, another word for difference. There is a disparity between salaries between tall people and their shorter colleagues.
「Premium」是可以獲得的額外利益或者好處，在這裡是個子高一些所能獲得的額外利益。最後我們學了「差距」——「差異」的另一個單詞。高個子和他們矮一些的同事之間有工資差距。
And that is 6 Minute English for today. Do join us again and until then we look forward to seeing you in all the usual places: Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube as well as our website, bbclearningenglish.com. Goodbye.
以上就是今天的六分鐘英語。記得再次加入我們，在那之前我們期望在所有常見的地方見到你：Instagram，Facebook，Twitter，YouTube，還有我們的網址bbclearningenglish.com。再見。
Bye!
拜！