跟著NANA主播一起「讀外刊學英語」，如果前幾期還沒看，點擊上方專輯回顧哦！今日主題：「股神」巴菲特如何看待疫情下的全球經濟。新聞來源：THE NEW YORK TIMES原標題：Warren Buffett’s Optimistic? Pessimistic? No, Realistic
新冠疫情席捲全球，全球股市跌停不休，美股更是歷史罕見的連續熔斷5次，世界經濟遭受了巨大衝擊。疫情不可控的情況下，經濟形勢的走向也變得難以預測。最近沃倫·巴菲特專門為新冠疫情召開了伯克希爾-哈撒韋公司股東大會，分享了他對於當今經濟形勢的看法。巴菲特在會上的警句「沒有什麼能阻止美國」迅速登上眾多媒體頭條。
巴菲特對疫情影響下的經濟形勢真的如此樂觀嗎？還是媒體斷章取義過度解讀？讀完今日份外刊，相信你會找到答案。
At a time when the stock market has been buoyed by politicians pushing to reopen America and hopeful investors often willing to overlook the immediate economic carnage, Mr. Buffett sounded a note of realism about the challenges ahead.
在這樣一個時期，政客們極力推進(push)重啟美國，滿懷希望的(hopeful)投資者樂於(willing to)忽略當前的(immediate)經濟慘狀(economic carnage)，二者合力促使股票市場(stock market)價格上漲，而巴菲特先生談及未來的挑戰(challenge ahead)則帶有務實的口氣(a note of realism)。
全段為一句話，when引導定語從句，修飾time，說明巴菲特談話的大背景；同時在被動語態結構(has been buoyed by…)中使用現在分詞/形容詞短語作後置定語，修飾施動者politicians和investors的特點。
1. buoy /b/
n. 浮標；航標；v. 鼓舞；鼓勵；使漂浮；使浮起；使(價格)上浮；使(價格)維持於較高水平House prices have been buoyed (up) in the area by the possibility of a new factory opening.
新工廠可能在這一地區修建，房價因而上漲。
2. investor /nvest(r)/
n. 投資者；投資機構small investors
小額投資者
institutional investors
機構投資者
3. overlook /vlk/
v. 忽略；未注意到；(對不良現象等)不予理會，視而不見；俯視；眺望I think there is one key fact that you have overlooked.
我想你忽略了一個關鍵事實。
4. carnage /kɑnd/
n. 大屠殺The battlefield was a scene of utter carnage.
戰場完全是一片大屠殺的慘象。
5. realism /rilzm/
n. 務實作風；現實主義方式；現實性；逼真；(文藝的)現實主義風格，現實主義There was a new mood of realism among the leaders at the peace talks.
參加和平談判的領導人之間有著一種務實的新氣氛。
He talked about the possibility of a second wave of coronavirus infections. He acknowledged that the world might profoundly change for years to come. And he spent a notable portion of the meeting detailing the economy’s performance since 1789, with a particular focus on the years between 1929 and 1951, a period in which the stock market took 22 years to get back to its highs.
巴菲特談到第二波(a second wave)新冠病毒感染(coronavirus infection)的可能性，他承認(acknowledge)在未來幾年(for years to come)世界可能發生深刻改變(profoundly change)，同時他用會議很大一部分時間(notable portion)詳述(detail)1789年以來的經濟狀況(performance)，尤其關注(a particular focus on)1929年到1951年，在這段時期股票市場耗費22年才重回巔峰(get back to its highs)。
『a period』作the years between 1929 and 1951的同位語，後接定語從句，限定說明這一時期的特殊意義。
1. acknowledge /knld/
v. 承認(屬實)；承認(權威、地位) ；告知收悉She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.
她拒不承認改革的必要性。
2. profoundly /prfandli/
adv. 極大地；深刻地；嚴重地；完全地；徹底地We are profoundly affected by what happens to us in childhood.
童年發生的事深深地影響著我們。
3. notable /ntbl/
adj. 值得注意的；顯著的；重要的n. 名人；重要人物His eyes are his most notable feature.
他的雙眼是他最明顯的特徵。
4. detail /ditel/
n. 細微之處；枝節；瑣事；詳情；全部細節；具體情況；(關於某事物的)資料，消息v. 詳細列舉；詳細說明；詳述；派遣；選派；分遣；徹底清洗(汽車)The report detailed the human rights abuses committed during the war.
這份報告詳述了戰爭期間所發生的踐踏人權的情況。
5. performance /pfmns/
n. 表演；演出；藝術上的表現；演技；表現；性能；業績；工作情況the country's economic performance
國家的經濟狀況
high-performance cars
高性能汽車
More than his words, he spoke with his wallet. He usually relishes a down stock market to take advantage of lower prices. Not this time. He hadn’t made any purchases recently; he didn’t buy up stocks when they had fallen last month during what felt like a mini-panic: 「We have not done anything, because we don’t see anything that (is) attractive to do.」
不僅(more than)用詞句，巴菲特也用自己的錢包說話，他通常喜歡(relish)在股票市場低迷時佔盡(take advantage of)低價優勢，但這次沒有。他最近沒有購買任何股票(make any purchases)，也沒有在上個月一場小小的恐慌(mini-panic)中股票跌落的時候大量買入(buy up)：「我們什麼也沒做，因為沒有看到任何有吸引力的(attractive)事情。」
1. relish /rel/
v. 享受；從…獲得樂趣；渴望；喜歡n. 享受；樂趣；風味佐料(用水果和蔬菜煮後製成的冷稠醬汁)to relish a fight/challenge/debate
喜歡打架 / 挑戰 / 爭辯
to relish the idea/thought of sth.
欣賞某種觀點 / 想法
2. advantage /dvɑntd/
n. 有利條件；有利因素；優勢；優點；(局末平分後)佔先；優勢分v. 使處於有利地位；有利於；有助於take advantage of
利用；利用（機會）
We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.
我們充分享用了旅館設施。
3. purchase /p.ts/
n. 購買；採購；購買的東西；購買項目；握緊；抓牢；蹬穩v. 買；購買；採購Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance.
務必提前兩周購票。
4. attractive /trk.tv/
adj. 性感的；嫵媚的；英俊的；誘人的；吸引人的；令人愉快的；(事物)有吸引力的
This attractive building is particularly notable for its garden setting.
這座美麗的建築尤以花園環境著稱。
In this crisis, he has done the opposite: He sold his entire stake in the nation’s four major airlines. His rationale seemed to have larger economic implications for the globe and country than simply airlines』 financial challenges.
在此次危機(crisis)中，巴菲特做了正相反的事：他出售了全國四大航空公司(airline)的全部股份(entire stake)。他的依據(rationale)似乎對全球以及美國有更重大的經濟含義(economic implication)，而非只是揭露了航空公司面臨的財政挑戰(financial challenge)。
1. stake /stek/
n. 樁；標樁；籬笆樁；火刑柱；股本；股份v. (就某事)以…打賭，拿…冒險；用樁支撐He holds a 40 percent stake in/of the company.
他擁有那家公司40%的股份。
2. airline /elan/
n. 航空公司international airlines
國際航空公司
an airline pilot
航空公司飛機駕駛員
3. rationale /rnɑl/
n. 基本原理；根本原因What is the rationale behind these new exams?
這些新測試的理論依據是什麼？
4. implication /mplken/
n. 可能的影響(或作用、結果)；含意；暗指；(被)牽連，牽涉The implication in his article is that being a housewife is greatly inferior to every other occupation.
他那篇文章的含意是，當家庭主婦遠遠不如所有其他職業。
If there is a silver lining, it is that Mr. Buffett was not predicting doom and gloom, just that he wasn’t sure which way we are headed, though, of course, he is wishing for the best. If the right deal came along, he would jump, he said.
「The American miracle, the American magic has always prevailed and it will do so again,」 he said.
如果說有積極的方面(silver lining)，那就是巴菲特先生沒有預測(predict)經濟前景黯淡(doom and gloom)，而只是不確定我們前進的方向(the way we are headed)。雖然如此，他當然盼望一切朝著最好的方向發展(wish for the best)。他說如果合適的交易(deal)出現(come along)，他會欣然接受。
「美國奇蹟(miracle)一直都能勝出(prevail)，這次也一樣」，他說道。
1. predict /prdkt/
v. 預言；預告；預報It is impossible to predict what will happen.
預知未來的事是不可能的。
2. doom /dum/
n. 死亡；毀滅；厄運；劫數v. 使…註定失敗(或遭殃、死亡等)3. gloom /ɡlum/
n. 憂鬱；愁悶；無望；幽暗；黑暗；昏暗vt. 變黑；變暗；憂鬱；沮喪使變黑；變暗；使憂傷；沮喪doom and gloom = gloom and doom
悲觀失望；無望；前景暗淡
Despite the obvious setbacks, it is not all doom and gloom for the England team.
儘管明顯受挫，但對英格蘭隊來說絕非勝利無望。
4. come along
（尤用於鼓勵別人參加某活動）來吧，一起來；加把勁兒；趕快；（偶然地）發生，來到；進展；進步
I waited a long time until a script came along that I thought was genuinely funny
我等了很長時間，直到出現了一個我認為真正逗趣的劇本。
5. miracle /mrkl/
n. 聖跡；神跡；奇蹟；不平凡的事；極好的例子；精品It would take a miracle to make this business profitable.
讓這個公司盈利簡直是天方夜譚。
6. prevail / prvel/
v. 普遍存在；盛行；流行；被接受；戰勝；壓倒；(尤指長時間鬥爭後)戰勝，挫敗Justice will prevail over tyranny.
正義必將戰勝暴虐。
新冠疫情「帶來了慘不堪言的人類痛苦和經濟破壞」。在一切難以預知的情況下，巴菲特務實謹慎的態度值得我們借鑑並銘記於心。畢竟「沒人知道明天、下一周、下個月或者明年的市場會發生什麼。」