COVID-19病例檢測不足正在威脅法國的流行病控制
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/12/22 22:15:34
通過使用病毒學和參與性症候群監測數據,並結合針對地區住院治療的數學傳播模型,研究人員估計了法國在封鎖後COVID-19症狀病例的檢出率。研究結果表明,從2020年5月11日至2020年6月28日封鎖後的前7周內,監測系統未檢測到約90,000例症狀性感染,相當於10例中的9例,儘管測試陽性率未超過WHO的建議(5%)。隨著系統的加強以及流行病活動的減少,中位檢測率隨著時間的流逝從7%[6-8]%增加到38%[35-44]%,且區域差異很大。
根據參與性監測數據,在研究期間,只有31%的具有COVID-19樣症狀的人諮詢了醫生。這表明,儘管有建議,大量有症狀的COVID-19病例仍未尋求醫療建議,正如血清學研究證實的那樣。在可疑病例中增強警示和即日就診對於提高發現率至關重要。但是,即使在封鎖後達到低水平的病毒循環時,系統的容量仍然不足,並且據預測隨著流行病活動的增加,該系統將迅速惡化。要成為抗擊大流行的工具,就必須進行更積極的、針對且有效的測試,且便於大眾檢測。測試策略將再次具有至關重要的價值,從而解除歐洲目前的限制措施並避免第三波感染。
據介紹,隨著第一波浪潮之後歐洲國家逐漸放寬鎖定限制,檢測-追蹤-隔離策略對於將COVID-19維持在較低水平至關重要。鑑於歐洲目前正在發生的第二波感染,評估這些策略的缺點可以提供新的見解。
附:英文原文
Title: Underdetection of COVID-19 cases in France threatens epidemic control
Author: Giulia Pullano, Laura Di Domenico, Chiara E. Sabbatini, Eugenio Valdano, Clment Turbelin, Marion Debin, Caroline Guerrisi, Charly Kengne-Kuetche, Ccile Souty, Thomas Hanslik, Thierry Blanchon, Pierre-Yves Bolle, Julie Figoni, Sophie Vaux, Christine Campse, Sibylle Bernard-Stoecklin, Vittoria Colizza
Issue&Volume: 2020-12-21
Abstract: As countries in Europe gradually relaxed lockdown restrictions after the first wave, test-trace-isolate strategies became critical to maintain COVID-19 viral activity at low levels1,2. Reviewing their shortcomings can provide elements to consider in light of the second wave currently underway in Europe. Here we estimate the rate of detection of COVID-19 symptomatic cases in France after lockdown through the use of virological3 and participatory syndromic4 surveillance data coupled with mathematical transmission models calibrated to regional hospitalizations2. Our findings indicate that around 90,000 incident symptomatic infections, corresponding to 9 out 10 cases, were not ascertained by the surveillance system in the first 7 weeks following lockdown from May 11 to June 28 2020, although the test positivity rate did not exceed WHO recommendations (5%)5. The median detection rate increased from 7% [6-8]% to 38% [35-44]% over time, with large regional variations, owing to a strengthening of the system as well as a decrease of epidemic activity. According to participatory surveillance data, only 31% of individuals with COVID-19-like symptoms consulted a doctor in the study period. This suggests that large numbers of symptomatic COVID-19 cases did not seek medical advice despite recommendations, as confirmed by serological studies6,7. Encouraging awareness and same-day healthcare-seeking behavior in suspect cases is critical to improve detection. However, the capacity of the system remained insufficient even at the low levels of viral circulation achieved after lockdown, and was predicted to deteriorate rapidly with increasing epidemic activity. Substantially more aggressive, targeted, and efficient testing with easier access is required to act as a pandemic-fighting tool. Testing strategy will be once again of critical value to lift current restrictive measures in Europe and avoid a third wave.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03095-6
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03095-6