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新東方鄭州學校 王宏豔
【試題】
When my son completes a task. I can’t help but praise him. It’s only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?
According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don’t benefit from 26 praise as much as we』d like to think. 「Parents often praise, believing they are building their child’s self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a 27 effect,」 says Phillip. 「When we use the same praise 28 , it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be 29 with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of 30 their parents.」
Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no. 「The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the 31 . It is the recognition of a child’s attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,」 she says. 「Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.」
So how do we break the 32 of praise we’re all so accustomed to? Phillip says it’s important to 33 between 「person praise」 and 「process praise」. 「Person praise is 34 saying how great someone is. It’s a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the person has just 35 . Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing,」 says Phillip.
A) choose I) pattern
B) constant J) plural
C) disappointing K) repeatedly
D) distinguish L) rewarded
E) exhausting M) separately
F) experienced N) simply
G) negative O) undertaken
H) outcome
【解析】
26.本題考查同義替換，通過praise可知，應在上下文中尋找修飾praise的詞，根據第一段「too much praise」可知，應選擇too much的同義詞constant，故選B。
27. 本題考查上下文邏輯關係，根據However可知，此句與上一句是轉折關係，前一句為表揚的積極效果（building their child’s self-confidence），因此However後應填表揚的消極效果， negative（消極的），故選G。
28. 首先，句意為當我們重複的使用同樣的鼓勵或讚美，這些讚美也就變得空洞或毫無價值；其次，根據詞性判斷此處需要填入一個副詞，用來修飾動詞use，意為重複的使用，故選擇K選項。
29. 本題考查被動語態。根據此句句法結構可知，橫線處應填動詞的過去分詞，符合句意的只有rewarded：獎勵，獎賞，故選L。
30. 本題考查介詞用法。介詞of後要加名詞或動名詞，符合句意的只有disappointing，句意為：這可能會導致孩子因為害怕讓父母失望而避免冒險。故選C。
31. 本題考查邏輯關係，rather than：而不是。rather than前後為轉折關係，rather than前為process，後應為outcome，故選H。
32. 本題考查名詞，此名詞有of praise進行修飾，結合句意，選項中名詞只有pattern符合，翻譯為「表揚的模式」，句意為：那麼，我們該如何打破我們都習慣了的讚美模式呢？故選I。
33. 本題考察動詞固定搭配，結合句意，選項中只有distinguish符合， between A and B區分A和B，句意為：菲利普說，區分「對人的表揚」和「對過程的表揚」很重要。故選D。
34. 本題考查副詞，結合句意，選項中只有simply符合，句意為：對人的表揚就是簡單地說某人有多棒。故選N。
35. 本題考查定語從句，先行詞為efforts，從句中缺謂語動詞，根據has可知，應填現在完成時，選項中只有undertaken符合，故選O。
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