課文聽力↓↓↓
新概念英語
第三冊
Lesson 22 By heart
熟記臺詞
（一）書本
Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.
有些劇目十分成功，以致連續上演好幾年。
In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night.
這樣一來，可憐的演員們可倒黴了。因為他們需要一夜連著一夜地重複同樣的臺詞。
One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter.
人們以為，這些演員一定會把臺詞背得爛熟，絕不會臨場結巴的，
Yet this is not always the case.
但情況卻並不總是這樣。
A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years.
有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個貴族角色，這個貴族已在巴士底獄被關押了20年。
In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner.
在最後一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場，然後將信交給獄中那位貴族。
Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance,
儘管那個貴族每場戲都得念一遍那封信。
he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
但他還是堅持要求將信的全文寫在信紙上。
One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if,
一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開一個玩笑，
after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.
看看他反覆演出這麼多場之後，是否已將信的內容記熟了。
The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.
大幕拉開，最後一幕戲開演，貴族獨自一人坐在鐵窗後陰暗的牢房裡。
Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his bands.
這時獄卒上場，手裡拿著那封珍貴的信。
He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat.
獄卒走進牢房，將信交給貴族。
But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual.
但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒有像往常那樣把全文寫全，
It was simply a blank sheet of paper.
而是一張白紙。
The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines.
獄卒熱切地觀察著，急於想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺詞。
The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds.
貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘，
Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'.
然後，眼珠一轉，說道：「光線太暗，請給我讀一下這封信。」
And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.
說完，他一下子把信遞給獄卒。
Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either,
獄卒發現自己連一個字也記不住，
the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire. I must get my glasses.'
於是便說：「陛下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去眼鏡拿來。」
With this, he hurried off the stage.
他一邊說著，一邊匆匆下臺。
Much to the aristocrat's amusement,
貴族感到非常好笑的是：
the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
一會兒工夫，獄卒重新登臺，拿來一副眼鏡以及平時使用的那封信，然後為那囚犯念了起來。
筆記
New words and expression 生詞和短語
run (ran, run) v.（戲劇, 電影等）連演，連映
-- The film is so successful that it runs for several weeks.
Lines n.（劇本中的）臺詞
Part n.劇中的角色, 臺詞
Falter v.支吾, 結巴說
-- He has practised the poem several times, so he has no cause to falter.
他練習這首詩好多次了，所以沒有理由結巴。
Stammer v.口吃, 結巴著說出, 結結巴巴地說
Falter vi.蹣跚而行蹣跚踉蹌, 搖擺
= Stagger v.搖晃, 蹣跚, 交錯, 搖搖擺擺
-- He faltered home.
cast (cast, cast) v.選派…扮演角色
-- The actor was cast in the role of hero. 這個演員在劇中扮演英雄的角色。
Role n.角色, 任務
Role n.角色
Aristocrat n.貴族
Imprison v.關押（= put sb in prison 關押某人）
-- He was imprisoned for 10 years.
imprisonment n.關押
-- sentence sb to life imprisonment 判名人終生監禁
prison, jail = gaol n.監獄
-- send sb to prison / put sb in prison / throw sb into prison
in prison 坐牢（不加the）
-- He is in prison/jail/gaol.
= He is behind bars. 他在鐵窗之後。
Bastille n.巴士底獄
Gaoler n.監獄長，看守
Colleague n.同事
Curtain n.（舞臺上的）幕布
Reveal v.使顯露, 揭露, 揭穿
-- The secret hasn't been revealed.
Reveal vt.把什麼露出來
-- A curtain was up and revealed the beautiful scenery.（n.風景, 景色）
Disclose vt.揭發（-- disclose the truth）
Discover vt.發現
Uncover vt.揭開具體的蓋子
-- A very tight dress reveals the beautiful figure.
Revealable adj.可展現的
Revealer n.探測器
cell n.單人監房, 監號
blank adj.空白的
squint v.眯著（眼）看, 瞄
squint one's eyes眯著眼睛
-- He squinted his eyes and looked at the letter.
pear at 眯著眼睛看
dim adj.昏暗
-- The room is too dim so I can't read the letter.
Gloomy adj.(天氣,心情)抑鬱的
-- The weather is gloomy today. / He is in gloomy mood.
Dusky adj.(天色)漆黑的, 黑暗的
-- Towards evening it’s getting dusky.
Murky adj.黑暗的, 陰沉的
-- I can't go out at murky night.
Misty adj.多霧的, 迷濛的
-- The building is out of sight on such a misty day.
Sire n.（古用法）陛下
Proceed v.繼續進行 （停頓之後的繼續）
proceed to/with 進行繼續某事
-- Let's proceed to business.
-- You must proceed with your work.
Proceed from… 從…著手開始繼續
-- They proceed from lesson one.
proceed against sb 起訴某人
-- He decided to proceed against his neighbour.
Expect vt. <口>(料)想, 認為, 指望
Expect vt.要求
Alone adj.單獨的, 獨一無二的 adv.獨自地
Anxious adj.擔憂的, 渴望的, 盼望的
Fellow adj.同伴的, 同事的, 同道的
Learnt vt.記住
Line n.臺詞
Text 課文
Which actor read the letter in the end, the aristocrat or the gaoler?
Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end, In many ways, this is
unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night
after night.
By heart 熟記
on end = continuously adv.連續的（位於具體的時間之後）
-- He sat there for hours on end.
-- We had hardly anything to eat for days on end.
on end = upright adv.豎著
-- The cat's fur stood on end.關注「新標準英語」,免費同步輔導，免費海量資源
-- I got a big shock, so my hair stood on end. 我被嚇了一跳, 以至於我毛骨悚然。
Who = actor 關係代詞做主語, 不能省略
-- The student who was required to recite the poem 100 times is really poor.
One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter.
learn/know by heart 把什麼牢記在心
-- The sentence is so important that you must learn it by heart.
heart and soul adv.全心全意的, 全身心的
-- We sever the students heart and soul.
take heart 鼓起勇氣, 恢復信心
lose one’s heart 失去信心
lose one’s heart to sb = give one’s heart to sb 親信於某人
-- The boy lost his heart to the girl.
put one's heart into sth 致力於某事
-- Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無難事, 只怕有心人。
have one's heart in one's boots 提心弔膽
-- He had his heart in his boots when he went out along at night.
Would v. (will 的過去式)
1> [表示過去將來時, 用於第二、三人稱](第一人稱英國用 should, 美國用 would) 將, 會
-- He said he would come. 他說他要來。
2> [表示意願]願; 偏要, 肯
-- He would eat nothing. 他不肯吃東西; 他什麼也不願吃。
-- I told him not to go, but he would not listen. 我叫他別去, 可他偏不聽。
-- He would go in spite of our warnings. 他不聽我們的勸告, 執意要去。
3> [表示過去的習慣動作]常常, 總是
-- He would sit for hours doing nothing. 過去他常常 坐幾個鐘頭什麼事也不做。
-- He would come to see us on Sundays. 過去星期天他經常來看望我們。
4> [表示推測]大概, 該是
-- I would be about ten when my brother left home. 我哥哥離開家時, 我大概十歲左右。
5> [表示某種假設的意志]想要, 願意
-- I could do so if I would. 要是我願意, 我能夠這樣做(但我不願意)。
-- If you would do this for me, I should be grateful indeed.
若是你願意為我做這件事, 我將萬分感激 。
6> [表示虛擬, 假設, 虛 構, 用於虛擬條件句的主句第二、第三人稱, 美國也用於第一人稱]
要, 會, 就會, 將要
-- They would be killed if the car went over the cliff. 如果汽車翻在懸崖下, 他們就會喪命。
-- They would have been killed if the car had gone over the cliff.
如果汽車當時翻到懸崖下, 他們早就喪命了。
8> [表示請求或個人想法、看法, 使語氣更婉轉]請
-- Would you kindly show me the way to the station? 勞駕, 請問到車站的路怎麼走?
-- I would like to speak a few words. 我想講幾句話。
-- It would seem that he was right. 看來他倒是對的。
9> [表示假想的願望]但願, 要是...多好
-- Would [I would] that they were safe home again! 願他們再能平安回家!
-- Would that I were young again. 我若能再年青些該多好啊!
-- We wish that he would come again. 我們但願他會再來。
-- I would rather you came on Sunday. 希望你星期天來。
10> [表示能力](=could) 能
-- The barrel would hold 100 litres. 這桶能裝一百升。
Yet this is not always the case. = This case is not like this.
A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had
been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years.
In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand
to the prisoner.
Whichletter
Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always
insisted that it should be written out in full.
even though = even if = though/although
at each performance = at every performance
insist（vt.堅決要求）, suggest（vt.建議）
order（vt.命令）, demand（vt.要求）, require（vt.要求）
表示建議／要求／希望的動詞加that賓語從句時, that從句必須使用should+動詞原形的
虛擬語氣（should可以省略）。
in full = fully = completely
One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many
performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.
play a joke/cheek on sb 開某人玩笑 （cheek n.臉頰, 面頰）
The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone
behind bars in his dark cell.
on the final act = in the last act
behind bars 鐵窗之後
Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his bands.
with獨立主格結構
precious表明這信對演員很重要
He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat.
present sth to = hand to = pass to
But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual.
as usual 如往常一樣, 照例
It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow
actor had at last learnt his lines.
look on 旁觀, 觀看
anxious 形容詞短語做伴隨狀況狀語
The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds.
stare at 凝視, 盯住
Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'.
ing形式做方式狀語, 伴隨狀況狀語
And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.
promptly = immediately
Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire, I must get my glasses.'
現在分詞做狀語
With this, he hurried off the stage.
hurry off 匆忙離開
Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of
glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
much用來加強語氣
whichletter
He laughs best who laughs last. 笑到最後的, 才是笑的最好的。
Multiple choice questions 多項選擇
1...A He laughs best, who laughs last.
Proverb n.格言, 諺語
Suit v.合適, 適合
Gist n.要點, 梗概, 要旨
Silver n.銀, 銀子
Leap v.跳, 跳越, 跳躍
Golden adj.貴重的, 金色的, 金黃色的
Hatch vt.孵, 孵出 vi.孵化
2...C end with... 以...結束
plight n.情況, 狀態, 困境imprisonment n.關押
audience n.聽眾, 觀眾bore vt.令人厭煩
3...Cimprovise v.臨時準備pretend vt.假裝, 裝扮
4.C 獨立主格結構
with a letter to deliver to the prisoner. = with a letter for the prisoner.
Deliver vt.遞送, 陳述, 釋放, 發表
5.Ainsist that + shouldinsist on + 名詞/動名詞
6.C
7.C give him a copy （a 表示任意的一份, the表示特指）
8.A neither, nor用於句首, 句子倒裝
9.D trick n.惡作劇, 詭計, 騙局,竅門, 訣竅
play a joke on 開玩笑 = play a trick on 捉弄（單方面取樂）
have a joke with sb 和某人開玩笑（強調兩人共同取樂）
-- I've just had a joke with my classmate.
10.Dfinally adv.最後lastly adv.順序上的最後
in the end 強調最終失敗的結果（用於句尾或句首）
-- He worked harder and harder, but in the end he failed.
Conclusive adj.結論性的, 決定性的, 最後的
11.Bpeer vt.凝視或眯眼看專心地、探求地或較為費勁地看
peer about 眯著眼睛看
-- When you enter a cinema, you often have to peer about...
search vt.搜尋, 尋找（-- search for sth）
blink vt.眨眼睛, 閃亮
stare vt.盯著看（-- stare at）
12.Cinform表示正式的通知rejoin vt.使再結合, 再加入, 再回答