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VOA慢速英語：Water Problems and the World（雙語)
2012-04-20 15:11
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Agriculture Report - Water Problems and the World
This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.這裡是美國之音慢速英語農業報導。A new American intelligence report says water-related problems will likely increase tensions around the world in the next ten years. These problems include water shortages, poor water quality and floods.一份新的美國國情報告稱，未來十年，水問題將可能增加世界各地的緊張局勢。這些問題包括水資源短缺，水質差和水災。The report says the problems will increase the risk of instability and the failure of governments. However, countries are seen as unlikely to go to war over water. The report says water tensions have historically led to more water-sharing agreements than violent conflicts.該報告稱，這些問題會增加政府不穩定和崩潰的風險。然而，各個國家被視為不可能因為水開戰，水資源緊張局面歷來會產生更多水資源共享協議而不是暴力衝突。But beyond ten years, it warns that some governments could use water as a weapon to pressure others. And water could also be used to "further terrorist objectives."但該報告警告稱，十年之後，一些政府會把水當作武器向其它國家施壓。水還會被當作「更進一步的恐怖主義目標。」The report is called an Intelligence Community Assessment on Global Water Security. It looks at possible effects of water problems on United States national security interests over the next thirty years. It says the areas that will be most affected by water problems are North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia.這份報告被稱為《全球水資源安全情報機構評估》。它著眼於未來30年水資源問題對美國國家安全利益可能造成的影響，並表示，北非、中東和南亞將是受水資源問題影響最大的地區。Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced the report last Thursday on World Water Day. The National Intelligence Council wrote the report based on a National Intelligence Estimate she requested a year ago.美國國務卿希拉蕊·柯林頓（Hillary Clinton）於上周四的世界水日公布了這一報告。美國國家情報委員會根據她一年前提出的國家情報評估要求撰寫了這份報告。HILLARY CLINTON: "Reliable access to water is essential for feeding the hungry, running the industries that promote jobs, generating the energy that fuels national growth, and certainly it is central when we think about how climate change will affect future generations."柯林頓：「可靠的水資源對供養飢餓人口，發展可以促進就業的產業，製造可以推動經濟增長的能源都是至關重要的。它也是我們考慮氣候變化對子孫後代影響的一個核心因素。」The report says water-related problems could distract countries from working with the United States on important policy goals. But it also predicts an increased demand for American aid and expert help to solve those problems. That demand could create "opportunities for leadership" and influence.報告稱，水問題可能會使各國在同美國共同致力於重要政策目標上分心。但它也預測，對美國援助和專家需求的提升有助於解決這些問題。這類需求可以創建「領導機會」和影響力。The report says, "Water shortages, poor water quality, and floods by themselves are unlikely to result in state failure." But these could combine with poverty, social tensions, environmental problems, poor leadership and weak governments to produce social disorder. And that combination could cause state failure.報告稱，「水資源短缺，水質差和水災自身不太可能導致國家崩潰。」但這些和貧窮、社會緊張局勢、環境問題、領導不力以及軟弱政府結合起來，就會導致國家崩潰。」The report predicts that from now through twenty forty, "water shortages and pollution probably will harm the economic performance of important trading partners." During the next ten years, it says, the loss of groundwater supplies in some agricultural areas will create a risk to national and global food markets. These shortages will be a result of poor management.該報告預測，從現在到2040年，「水資源短缺和汙染可能將會損害重要貿易夥伴的經濟表現。」它還稱，在未來十年，一些農業地區地下水供應的損失將給國家和全球糧食市場帶來風險。這類短缺將是管理不善的結果。Agriculture uses about seventy percent of the world's freshwater. The report says technology that reduces the amount of water needed to grow crops will offer the best defense against shortages.農業使用了世界淡水的70%。報告稱，降低種植農作物所需水量將是應對短缺的最佳之策。And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report. You can learn more about the world's water problems at voanews.cn. I'm Jim Tedder.___Contributing: Christopher Cruise and Steve Baragona
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