進化選擇和人類膝關節軟骨細胞調節影響骨關節炎風險
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/3/29 12:40:03
2020年3月26日,美國哈佛大學Terence D. Capellini研究小組在《細胞》雜誌在線發表了他們的最新成果。他們發現,進化選擇和人類膝關節軟骨細胞調節的約束參與影響骨關節炎的風險。
據研究人員介紹,在人類進化過程中,膝蓋通過改變軟骨細胞發育程序適應了兩足動物的生物力學要求。這種適應性過程可能不會對健康造成有害影響。如今,骨關節炎發生在2.5億人中,其危險變異富集在軟骨細胞基因附近的非編碼序列,這些基因座可能在膝關節進化過程中得到了優化。
研究人員通過表觀遺傳分析關節軟骨細胞來探索了這種關係,並揭示出歷史選擇以及膝關節調節元件的近期約束和漂移,這也與骨關節炎變異重疊,這些變異通過傾向於修飾受約束的功能序列而有助於疾病遺傳。研究人員提出了一個模型,即膝關節發育過程中的遺傳改變導致成人病理。
因此,研究人員發現了數十億存在危險位點(GDF5- UQCC1)人群中的致病增強子變體(rs6060369),並揭示了它如何影響小鼠的膝蓋形狀和骨關節炎。總體而言,這一方法將人體解剖學的進化新方面與其發病機理聯繫起來。
附:英文原文
Title: Evolutionary Selection and Constraint on Human Knee Chondrocyte Regulation Impacts Osteoarthritis Risk
Author: Daniel Richard, Zun Liu, Jiaxue Cao, Ata M. Kiapour, Jessica Willen, Siddharth Yarlagadda, Evelyn Jagoda, Vijaya B. Kolachalama, Jakob T. Sieker, Gary H. Chang, Pushpanathan Muthuirulan, Mariel Young, Anand Masson, Johannes Konrad, Shayan Hosseinzadeh, David E. Maridas, Vicki Rosen, Roman Krawetz, Neil Roach, Terence D. Capellini
Issue&Volume: 2020-03-26
Abstract: During human evolution, the knee adapted to the biomechanical demands of bipedalismby altering chondrocyte developmental programs. This adaptive process was likely notwithout deleterious consequences to health. Today, osteoarthritis occurs in 250 millionpeople, with risk variants enriched in non-coding sequences near chondrocyte genes,loci that likely became optimized during knee evolution. We explore this relationshipby epigenetically profiling joint chondrocytes, revealing ancient selection and recentconstraint and drift on knee regulatory elements, which also overlap osteoarthritisvariants that contribute to disease heritability by tending to modify constrainedfunctional sequence. We propose a model whereby genetic violations to regulatory constraint,tolerated during knee development, lead to adult pathology. In support, we discovera causal enhancer variant (rs6060369) present in billions of people at a risk locus(GDF5-UQCC1), showing how it impacts mouse knee-shape and osteoarthritis. Overall, our methodslink an evolutionarily novel aspect of human anatomy to its pathogenesis.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.057
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30234-8
Cell:《細胞》,創刊於1974年。隸屬於細胞出版社,最新IF:36.216